{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2206092935","doi":null,"title":"\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a","display_name":"\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2206092935","mag":"2206092935"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5c0f40a7b9094428b30a959aaaada76f","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5c0f40a7b9094428b30a959aaaada76f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629, Vol 36, Iss 1 (2014)","raw_type":"article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087800690","display_name":"\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0647\u0648\u0645","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0647\u0648\u0645","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001888441","display_name":"\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f- \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646- \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0630\u0642\u064a\u0629- \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f- \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646- \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0630\u0642\u064a\u0629- \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13547","display_name":"Economic and Industrial Development","score":0.004699999932199717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11903","display_name":"Private Equity and Venture Capital","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-incubators","display_name":"business incubators","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-and-medium-sized-enterprises","display_name":"small and medium-sized enterprises","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sme-performance","display_name":"SME performance","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government-support-for-smes","display_name":"SME support","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-incubation","display_name":"business incubation","score":0.4779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competitive-ability","display_name":"competitive ability","score":0.3540000021457672}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6547666788101196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48879800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622439","display_name":"Small and medium-sized enterprises","level":2,"score":0.5523534417152405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.4599525034427643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.43412765860557556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.11888617277145386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.09776264429092407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5c0f40a7b9094428b30a959aaaada76f","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5c0f40a7b9094428b30a959aaaada76f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629, Vol 36, Iss 1 (2014)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"mag:2206092935","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://91.144.21.197/index.php/econlaw/article/view/727","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306532999","display_name":"Tishreen University Journal- Economic and Legal Sciences Series","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Tishreen University Journal- Economic and Legal Sciences Series","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3131257778","https://openalex.org/W2782020185","https://openalex.org/W2981314653","https://openalex.org/W7154909577","https://openalex.org/W4415365727","https://openalex.org/W3159757796","https://openalex.org/W4392119185","https://openalex.org/W2594101155","https://openalex.org/W3192736537","https://openalex.org/W6988401172"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644":[0],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639":[1,38,54,101,129],"\u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629":[2,39,55,102],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629":[3,40,56,103],"\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629":[4],"\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629":[5],"\u0641\u064a":[6,23,36,52,57,104,125,130],"\u0638\u0644":[7],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a":[8],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629":[9],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c":[10],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631":[11],"\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a":[12],"\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0645":[13],"\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627":[14],"\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629":[15],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631":[16],"\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629":[17],"\u0647\u0630\u0647":[18,86,128],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a":[19],"\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629":[20],"\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627":[21],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629":[22],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642":[24],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629":[25],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629.":[26],"\u0648\u0645\u0646":[27],"\u0647\u0646\u0627":[28],"\u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a":[29],"\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0646\u0627\u062a":[30,50,98],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644":[31,51,99],"\u0643\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628":[32],"\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a":[33],"\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b":[34],"\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645":[35],"\u062f\u0639\u0645":[37,53],"\u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.":[41],"\u0625\u0630":[42],"\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641":[43],"\u0647\u0630\u0627":[44],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b":[45,61],"\u0627\u0644\u0649":[46],"\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d":[47],"\u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647":[48],"\u062f\u0648\u0631":[49],"\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c":[58,105],"\u0648\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b":[59],"\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636":[60],"\u062a\u0645":[62],"\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f":[63],"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629":[64],"\"":[65,68],"\u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629":[66],"\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629":[67],"\u0635\u0645\u0645\u062a":[69],"\u0639\u0644\u0649":[70,85],"\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c":[71],"\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633":[72],"\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0631\u062a":[73],"\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a":[74],"\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639":[75],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a":[76],"\u0630\u0627\u062a":[77],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629":[78],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c":[79],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629":[80],"\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636":[81],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a":[82],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629.":[83],"\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b":[84],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629":[87],"\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627":[88],"\u0625\u0644\u0649":[89],"\u0639\u062f\u0629":[90],"\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c":[91],"\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629":[92],"\u0623\u0642\u0631\u062a":[93],"\u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f":[94],"\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629":[95],"\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629":[96],"\u0628\u064a\u0646":[97],"\u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621":[100],"\u0645\u0645\u0627":[106],"\u0633\u0645\u062d":[107],"\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629":[108],"\u0623\u0646":[109],"\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c":[110],"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a":[111],"\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629":[112],"\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642":[113],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639":[114],"\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627":[115],"\u0633\u0645\u062d\u062a":[116],"\u0644\u0647\u0627":[117],"\u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645":[118],"\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a":[119],"\u062a\u0631\u0649":[120],"\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627":[121],"\u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645":[122],"\u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629":[123],"\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629":[124],"\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646":[126],"\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621":[127],"\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629.":[131],"In":[132],"modern":[133],"economic":[134],"variables,":[135],"Small":[136,178,221],"and":[137,153,169,179,208,222],"Medium-Sized":[138,180,223],"Enterprises":[139,181,224],"are":[140,186],"particularly":[141],"significant,":[142],"necessitating":[143],"their":[144,156],"development":[145,216],"to":[146,154,167,193,198,214],"stay":[147],"in":[148,159,176,182,196,225],"line":[149],"with":[150],"these":[151],"changes":[152],"improve":[155],"competitive":[157],"ability":[158],"the":[160,171,210,215,218],"existing":[161],"world":[162],"market.":[163],"This":[164],"research":[165],"aims":[166],"clarify":[168],"specify":[170],"role":[172],"of":[173,217,220],"business":[174],"frames":[175],"supporting":[177],"Syria.":[183,226],"The":[184],"data":[185],"collected":[187],"through":[188],"a":[189],"pre-designed":[190],"questionnaire":[191],"directed":[192],"those":[194],"employees,":[195],"addition":[197],"few":[199],"face-to-face":[200],"interviews.":[201],"We":[202],"have":[203],"obtained":[204],"some":[205],"important":[206],"results":[207],"offered":[209],"suggestions":[211],"that":[212],"contribute":[213],"performance":[219]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
