{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2204138024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/026119290203000110","title":"Follow-up to the ECVAM Prevalidation Study on In Vitro Tests for Acute Skin Irritation","display_name":"Follow-up to the ECVAM Prevalidation Study on In Vitro Tests for Acute Skin Irritation","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2204138024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/026119290203000110","mag":"2204138024","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11827575"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/026119290203000110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/026119290203000110","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/026119290203000110","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35160907","display_name":"Alternatives to Laboratory Animals","issn_l":"0261-1929","issn":["0261-1929","2632-3559"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Alternatives to Laboratory Animals","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066885243","display_name":"Val\u00e9rie Zuang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1302-8769","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1302-8769"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800387288","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32","country_code":"BE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118689","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02qezmz13","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210118689","https://openalex.org/I4210161702"]}],"countries":["BE","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Val\u00e9rie Zuang","raw_affiliation_strings":["ECVAM, Institute for Health & Consumer Protection, European Commission Joint Research Centre, 21020 Ispra (VA), Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECVAM, Institute for Health & Consumer Protection, European Commission Joint Research Centre, 21020 Ispra (VA), Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058615296","display_name":"Michael Balls","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800387288","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32","country_code":"BE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118689","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02qezmz13","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210118689","https://openalex.org/I4210161702"]}],"countries":["BE","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Balls","raw_affiliation_strings":["ECVAM, Institute for Health & Consumer Protection, European Commission Joint Research Centre, 21020 Ispra (VA), Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECVAM, Institute for Health & Consumer Protection, European Commission Joint Research Centre, 21020 Ispra (VA), Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049589478","display_name":"Philip A. Botham","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087094","display_name":"Syngenta (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/000bdn450","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087094","https://openalex.org/I89199228"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philip A. Botham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Syngenta, Central Toxicology Laboratory, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TJ, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Syngenta, Central Toxicology Laboratory, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TJ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087094"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004625574","display_name":"Alain Coquette","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alain Coquette","raw_affiliation_strings":["SGS BioPharma, Department of Biology, 10 Vieux Chemin du Po\u00e8te, 1301 Wavre, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SGS BioPharma, Department of Biology, 10 Vieux Chemin du Po\u00e8te, 1301 Wavre, Belgium","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082724673","display_name":"Emanuela Corsini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6927-5956","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6927-5956"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189158943","display_name":"University of Milan","ror":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emanuela Corsini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114011417","display_name":"Rodger D. Curren","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102124","display_name":"Institute for In Vitro Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01aptsm66","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210102124"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rodger D. Curren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for In Vitro Sciences, Inc., Suite 220, 21 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for In Vitro Sciences, Inc., Suite 220, 21 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102124"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110057790","display_name":"Graham R. Elliott","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148297040","display_name":"Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01bnjb948","country_code":"NL","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148297040"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Graham R. Elliott","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacology, TNO-PML, 2280 AA Rijswijk, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacology, TNO-PML, 2280 AA Rijswijk, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148297040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061123897","display_name":"FENTEM Julia                helen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1342131907","display_name":"Unilever (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8ah907","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1342131907"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julia H. Fentem","raw_affiliation_strings":["SEAC Toxicology Unit, Unilever Research, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SEAC Toxicology Unit, Unilever Research, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1342131907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091535852","display_name":"Jon R. Heylings","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087094","display_name":"Syngenta (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/000bdn450","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087094","https://openalex.org/I89199228"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jon R. Heylings","raw_affiliation_strings":["Syngenta, Central Toxicology Laboratory, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TJ, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Syngenta, Central Toxicology Laboratory, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TJ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087094"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058274458","display_name":"Manfred Liebsch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5569-9328","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5569-9328"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158136","display_name":"Federal Institute for Health Protection of Consumers and Veterinary Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/01sm4s887","country_code":"DE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158136"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manfred Liebsch","raw_affiliation_strings":["ZEBET, BgVV, Diedersdorfer Weg 1, 12277 Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ZEBET, BgVV, Diedersdorfer Weg 1, 12277 Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158136"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jes\u00fas Medina","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801357902","display_name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","ror":"https://ror.org/00ca2c886","country_code":"ES","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801357902","https://openalex.org/I4387152914"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099487","display_name":"Escuela Nacional de Medicina del Trabajo","ror":"https://ror.org/00g86hk06","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801357902","https://openalex.org/I4210099487","https://openalex.org/I4387152914"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jes\u00fas Medina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Escuela Nacional de Medicina del Trabajo, Pabillon 8, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Escuela Nacional de Medicina del Trabajo, Pabillon 8, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801357902","https://openalex.org/I4210099487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037028746","display_name":"R. Roguet","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14285755","display_name":"L'Or\u00e9al (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/00nb3j622","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14285755"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roland Roguet","raw_affiliation_strings":["L'Or\u00e9al Life Sciences Research, Centre C. Zviak, 90 rue du G\u00e9n\u00e9ral Roguet, 92583 Clichy Cedex, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"L'Or\u00e9al Life Sciences Research, Centre C. Zviak, 90 rue du G\u00e9n\u00e9ral Roguet, 92583 Clichy Cedex, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14285755"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108400838","display_name":"Johannes J.M. van de Sandt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johannes J.M. van de Sandt","raw_affiliation_strings":["TNO Nutrition & Food Research, Department of Explanatory Toxicology, Utrechtseweg 48, 3700 AJ Zeist, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TNO Nutrition & Food Research, Department of Explanatory Toxicology, Utrechtseweg 48, 3700 AJ Zeist, The Netherlands","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065813134","display_name":"Christiane Wiemann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9695-2270","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9695-2270"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107087","display_name":"BASF (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/01q8f6705","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107087"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christianne Wiemann","raw_affiliation_strings":["BASF AG, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BASF AG, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107087"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056503862","display_name":"Andrew Paul Worth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5303-0452","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5303-0452"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800387288","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32","country_code":"BE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118689","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02qezmz13","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210118689","https://openalex.org/I4210161702"]}],"countries":["BE","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew P. Worth","raw_affiliation_strings":["ECVAM, Institute for Health & Consumer Protection, European Commission Joint Research Centre, 21020 Ispra (VA), Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECVAM, Institute for Health & Consumer Protection, European Commission Joint Research Centre, 21020 Ispra (VA), Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":8,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4150},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.2213,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98692185,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"1","first_page":"109","last_page":"129"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12281","display_name":"Animal testing and alternatives","score":0.9307000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12281","display_name":"Animal testing and alternatives","score":0.9307000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11033","display_name":"Contact Dermatitis and Allergies","score":0.05550000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2708","display_name":"Dermatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14072","display_name":"Immunotoxicology and immune responses","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-skin-irritation","display_name":"acute skin irritation","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alternative-test-methods","display_name":"alternative test methods","score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pre-validation","display_name":"pre-validation","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epiderm","display_name":"EpiDerm","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/episkin","display_name":"Episkin","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predictive-model","display_name":"prediction model","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sodium-dodecyl-sulfate","display_name":"sodium dodecyl sulfate","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transepidermal-water-loss","display_name":"transepidermal water loss","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-animal-testing","display_name":"non-animal testing","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecvam","display_name":"ECVAM","score":0.6449999809265137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019129585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77776","display_name":"Skin irritation","level":2,"score":0.7211684584617615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777063393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77776","display_name":"Irritation","level":2,"score":0.6623382568359375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777459323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5259911","display_name":"Human skin","level":2,"score":0.5172331929206848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.45757317543029785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16005928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171171","display_name":"Dermatology","level":1,"score":0.3980858027935028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.09673261642456055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.08716663718223572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000826","descriptor_name":"Animal Testing Alternatives","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000826","descriptor_name":"Animal Testing Alternatives","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000826","descriptor_name":"Animal Testing Alternatives","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002470","descriptor_name":"Cell Survival","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002470","descriptor_name":"Cell Survival","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002470","descriptor_name":"Cell Survival","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004423","descriptor_name":"Ear","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004423","descriptor_name":"Ear","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004423","descriptor_name":"Ear","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004817","descriptor_name":"Epidermis","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004817","descriptor_name":"Epidermis","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004817","descriptor_name":"Epidermis","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005060","descriptor_name":"Europe","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005060","descriptor_name":"Europe","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005060","descriptor_name":"Europe","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011786","descriptor_name":"Quality Control","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011786","descriptor_name":"Quality Control","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011786","descriptor_name":"Quality Control","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012871","descriptor_name":"Skin Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000139","qualifier_name":"chemically induced","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012871","descriptor_name":"Skin Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000139","qualifier_name":"chemically induced","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012871","descriptor_name":"Skin Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000139","qualifier_name":"chemically induced","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013552","descriptor_name":"Swine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013552","descriptor_name":"Swine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013552","descriptor_name":"Swine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014870","descriptor_name":"Water Loss, Insensible","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014870","descriptor_name":"Water Loss, Insensible","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014870","descriptor_name":"Water Loss, Insensible","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015603","descriptor_name":"Keratinocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015603","descriptor_name":"Keratinocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015603","descriptor_name":"Keratinocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/026119290203000110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/026119290203000110","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/026119290203000110","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35160907","display_name":"Alternatives to Laboratory Animals","issn_l":"0261-1929","issn":["0261-1929","2632-3559"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Alternatives to Laboratory Animals","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11827575","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11827575","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Alternatives to laboratory animals : ATLA","raw_type":"Comparative Study"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.openagrar.de:bimport_mods_00000100","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.openagrar.de/receive/bimport_mods_00000100","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055137","display_name":"OpenAgrar","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6240000128746033,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W160951082","https://openalex.org/W226525109","https://openalex.org/W1537862765","https://openalex.org/W1649494421","https://openalex.org/W1965039157","https://openalex.org/W1967803894","https://openalex.org/W1970192361","https://openalex.org/W1973444269","https://openalex.org/W1978368163","https://openalex.org/W1983601075","https://openalex.org/W1995477132","https://openalex.org/W2022441726","https://openalex.org/W2023022126","https://openalex.org/W2041935246","https://openalex.org/W2044676066","https://openalex.org/W2046341979","https://openalex.org/W2066122613","https://openalex.org/W2079955533","https://openalex.org/W2329604724","https://openalex.org/W4251084954"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2376256034","https://openalex.org/W2371596265","https://openalex.org/W2359625574","https://openalex.org/W2366184931","https://openalex.org/W2187371766","https://openalex.org/W2418166725","https://openalex.org/W2375478301","https://openalex.org/W2386751802","https://openalex.org/W2183204011","https://openalex.org/W2369206014"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,57,151,166],"European":[1],"Centre":[2],"for":[3,30,41,210],"the":[4,20,23,109,113,131,140,169,176,188,193,211,216,221,240,243,246,257,281,284],"Validation":[5],"of":[6,22,27,84,115,168,175,192,245,271],"Alternative":[7],"Methods":[8],"(ECVAM)":[9],"Skin":[10],"Irritation":[11],"Task":[12,228],"Force":[13,229],"was":[14,67,157,172,178,236,278],"established":[15],"in":[16,199,232,239,263],"1996,":[17],"to":[18,36,50,74,180,196,201,291],"review":[19,83],"status":[21],"development":[24],"and":[25,33,35,53,90,120,139,161,186,190,208,213,220,248,251,283],"validation":[26,184],"alternative":[28],"tests":[29,40],"skin":[31,44,65,141],"irritation":[32,45],"corrosion,":[34],"identify":[37],"appropriate":[38],"non-animal":[39],"predicting":[42],"human":[43,64,125,129],"that":[46,173,187,280],"were":[47,223],"sufficiently":[48,71],"well-developed":[49],"be":[51,197,261,289,303],"prevalidated":[52],"validated":[54],"by":[55,93,159],"ECVAM.":[56],"EpiDerm":[58,212,250],"method,":[59],"based":[60,122,135],"on":[61,81,96,123,128,136,154],"a":[62,76,82,106,182,264,268],"reconstituted":[63,124],"model,":[66],"proposed":[68],"as":[69,105,254,256],"being":[70],"well":[72,255],"advanced":[73],"enter":[75,181],"prevalidation":[77,152],"(PV)":[78],"study.":[79],"Based":[80],"test":[85,94,144,273,287],"protocols,":[86],"prediction":[87],"models":[88],"(PMs),":[89],"data":[91],"submitted":[92],"developers":[95],"ten":[97],"specified":[98],"chemicals,":[99],"with":[100,146,267],"20%":[101],"sodium":[102],"lauryl":[103],"sulphate":[104],"reference":[107],"standard,":[108],"task":[110],"force":[111],"recommended":[112],"inclusion":[114],"four":[116],"other":[117],"tests:":[118],"EPISKIN":[119,214,252],"PREDISKIN,":[121],"epidermis":[126],"or":[127],"skin;":[130,138],"non-perfused":[132],"pig-ear":[133],"test,":[134,219],"pig":[137,217,285],"integrity":[142],"function":[143],"(SIFT),":[145],"ex":[147],"vivo":[148],"mouse":[149],"skin.":[150],"study":[153,171,266],"these":[155],"methods":[156,177,194],"funded":[158],"ECVAM,":[160],"took":[162],"place":[163],"during":[164],"1999-2000.":[165],"outcome":[167],"PV":[170],"none":[174],"ready":[179],"formal":[183],"study,":[185],"protocols":[189,207],"PMs":[191,209],"had":[195],"improved":[198],"order":[200],"increase":[202],"their":[203],"predictive":[204],"abilities.":[205],"Improved":[206],"methods,":[215,253],"ear":[218,286],"SIFT":[222,282],"presented":[224],"at":[225],"an":[226],"extended":[227],"meeting":[230],"held":[231],"May":[233],"2001.":[234],"It":[235],"agreed":[237],"that,":[238],"short":[241],"term,":[242],"performance":[244],"revised":[247],"harmonised":[249],"modified":[258],"SIFT,":[259],"should":[260],"evaluated":[262],"further":[265],"new":[269],"set":[270],"20":[272],"chemicals.":[274],"In":[275],"addition,":[276],"it":[277],"decided":[279],"would":[288],"compared":[290],"see":[292],"if":[293],"common":[294],"endpoints":[295],"(transepidermal":[296],"water":[297],"loss,":[298],"methyl":[299],"green-pyronine":[300],"stain)":[301],"could":[302],"identified.":[304]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}