{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2203908413","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2000-01-2177","title":"Stiffness Control in the Simulation of Human Walking","display_name":"Stiffness Control in the Simulation of Human Walking","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-06-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2203908413","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2000-01-2177","mag":"2203908413"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4271/2000-01-2177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2000-01-2177","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2000-01-2177","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202285","display_name":"SAE technical papers on CD-ROM/SAE technical paper series","issn_l":"0148-7191","issn":["0148-7191","1083-4958","2688-3627"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SAE Technical Paper Series","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086588546","display_name":"Kevin P. Granata","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"K. P. Granata","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086588546"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6387,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83223374,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10879","display_name":"Robotic Locomotion and Control","score":0.8769999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10879","display_name":"Robotic Locomotion and Control","score":0.8769999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":0.03500000014901161,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.019099999219179153,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-walking","display_name":"human walking","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gait-simulation","display_name":"gait simulation","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint-rotational-stiffness","display_name":"joint rotational stiffness","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forward-dynamics","display_name":"forward dynamics","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomechanics","display_name":"biomechanics","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/movement-variability","display_name":"movement variability","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-stability","display_name":"dynamic stability","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elastic-energy-storage","display_name":"elastic energy storage","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromuscular-control","display_name":"neuromuscular control","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feedback-control","display_name":"feedback control","score":0.5370000004768372}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779372316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569057","display_name":"Stiffness","level":2,"score":0.6399336457252502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5178704261779785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.512724757194519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.35111528635025024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3203161358833313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3098410964012146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.27756935358047485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.12376323342323303}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4271/2000-01-2177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2000-01-2177","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2000-01-2177","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202285","display_name":"SAE technical papers on CD-ROM/SAE technical paper series","issn_l":"0148-7191","issn":["0148-7191","1083-4958","2688-3627"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SAE Technical Paper Series","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976912497","https://openalex.org/W1989900925","https://openalex.org/W1990378781","https://openalex.org/W1990713396","https://openalex.org/W1990899265","https://openalex.org/W2004763727","https://openalex.org/W2007287009","https://openalex.org/W2008230146","https://openalex.org/W2016532427","https://openalex.org/W2018948149","https://openalex.org/W2020496780","https://openalex.org/W2035710225","https://openalex.org/W2037036659","https://openalex.org/W2048656129","https://openalex.org/W2057304390","https://openalex.org/W2060025027","https://openalex.org/W2070573957","https://openalex.org/W2075135730","https://openalex.org/W2081115468","https://openalex.org/W2082332325","https://openalex.org/W2082666804","https://openalex.org/W2091790035","https://openalex.org/W2093884218","https://openalex.org/W2094216338","https://openalex.org/W2097717742","https://openalex.org/W2107661214","https://openalex.org/W2111253117","https://openalex.org/W2115730616","https://openalex.org/W2121068703","https://openalex.org/W2122819886","https://openalex.org/W2124800589","https://openalex.org/W2125224533","https://openalex.org/W2132887428","https://openalex.org/W2133786537","https://openalex.org/W2145930034","https://openalex.org/W2157826678","https://openalex.org/W2163668399","https://openalex.org/W2165529265","https://openalex.org/W2463762328"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2001139447","https://openalex.org/W2020963015","https://openalex.org/W2084508780","https://openalex.org/W1990899265","https://openalex.org/W1937009223","https://openalex.org/W7002466538","https://openalex.org/W7139985691","https://openalex.org/W3144188803","https://openalex.org/W2129742057","https://openalex.org/W3084413118"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Forward-dynamic":[0],"simulations":[1],"of":[2,39,54,62,87,96],"biomechanical":[3],"movement":[4],"often":[5],"attempt":[6],"to":[7,23,71],"model":[8],"exact":[9],"kinematic":[10,68],"trajectories":[11],"despite":[12],"the":[13,26,92],"measurements":[14],"demonstrating":[15],"inherent":[16],"motion":[17,98],"variability.":[18],"Feedback":[19],"can":[20],"be":[21],"employed":[22],"compensate":[24],"for":[25],"variability":[27,76],"but":[28,57,77],"represents":[29],"unrealistically":[30],"excessive":[31],"neuromuscular":[32],"control.":[33],"A":[34],"five-link,":[35],"2-D,":[36],"forward-dynamic":[37],"simulation":[38],"human":[40,97],"walking":[41],"with":[42],"minimal":[43],"feedback":[44],"was":[45,49],"implemented":[46],"where-in":[47],"control":[48,86],"achieved":[50],"not":[51,79],"in":[52,59],"terms":[53,61],"joint":[55,64],"moment":[56],"rather":[58],"equivalent":[60],"adjustable":[63],"rotational":[65],"stiffness.":[66],"Random":[67],"perturbations,":[69],"applied":[70],"challenge":[72],"dynamic":[73],"stability,":[74],"increased":[75],"did":[78],"disrupt":[80],"successful":[81],"gait.":[82],"Results":[83],"confirm":[84],"that":[85],"conservative":[88],"elastic":[89],"elements":[90],"improves":[91],"realism":[93],"and":[94],"stability":[95],"simulation.":[99]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
