{"id":"https://openalex.org/W220112480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.brs.0000149199.68381.fe","title":"Spinal Cord Stimulation for Chronic Back and Leg Pain and Failed Back Surgery Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Analysis of Prognostic Factors","display_name":"Spinal Cord Stimulation for Chronic Back and Leg Pain and Failed Back Surgery Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Analysis of Prognostic Factors","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W220112480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.brs.0000149199.68381.fe","mag":"220112480","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15626996"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000149199.68381.fe","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.brs.0000149199.68381.fe","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.brs.0000149199.68381.fe","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4026894","display_name":"Spine","issn_l":"0362-2436","issn":["0362-2436","1528-1159"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Spine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W220112480"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115599690","display_name":"Rod Stephen Taylor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6538-5760","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6538-5760","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3043-6011"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rod S. Taylor","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom. r.s.taylor@bham.ac.uk","University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom. r.s.taylor@bham.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004556710","display_name":"Jean\u2010Pierre Van Buyten","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143543","display_name":"AZ Maria Middelares","ror":"https://ror.org/048pv7s22","country_code":"BE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143543"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean-Pierre Van Buyten","raw_affiliation_strings":["AZ Maria Middelares, Sint Niklaas, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AZ Maria Middelares, Sint Niklaas, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143543"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044304643","display_name":"Eric Buchser","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116877","display_name":"H\u00f4pital de Morges","ror":"https://ror.org/026qe1m81","country_code":"CH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116877"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Buchser","raw_affiliation_strings":["H\u00f4pital de Morges, Morges, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"H\u00f4pital de Morges, Morges, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5115599690"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.9286,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":333,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9754386,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"1","first_page":"152","last_page":"160"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11840","display_name":"Pain Management and Treatment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11840","display_name":"Pain Management and Treatment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10238","display_name":"Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10084","display_name":"Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spinal-cord-stimulation","display_name":"spinal cord stimulation","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/failed-back-surgery-syndrome","display_name":"failed back surgery syndrome","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-back-pain","display_name":"chronic back pain","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leg-pain","display_name":"leg pain","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prognostic-factors","display_name":"prognostic factors","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pain-relief","display_name":"analgesia","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/study-quality","display_name":"study quality","score":0.5370000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/follow-up-duration","display_name":"follow-up duration","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implant-complications","display_name":"implant complications","score":0.5889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meta-regression","display_name":"meta-regression","score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-efficacy-and-safety","display_name":"treatment efficacy and safety","score":0.5830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/study-heterogeneity","display_name":"study heterogeneity","score":0.39100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/publication-bias","display_name":"publication bias","score":0.4300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pain-duration","display_name":"pain duration","score":0.5230000019073486}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9648787975311279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776501849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5781808","display_name":"Back pain","level":3,"score":0.6572421789169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.5465249419212341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.4875923991203308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.45776110887527466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780907711","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852163","display_name":"Low back pain","level":3,"score":0.4568605422973633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.4539787471294403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.45225879549980164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781118164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1088113","display_name":"Chronic pain","level":2,"score":0.44980350136756897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018636122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5429677","display_name":"Failed back surgery","level":4,"score":0.44670143723487854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144301174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7893852","display_name":"Univariate analysis","level":3,"score":0.44360843300819397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780775167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9606","display_name":"Spinal cord","level":2,"score":0.42591068148612976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.4160802960395813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984781990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1668448","display_name":"Spinal cord stimulation","level":3,"score":0.3800944983959198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38180746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580","display_name":"Multivariate analysis","level":2,"score":0.36664265394210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.3492511510848999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.268294095993042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.19317829608917236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001416","descriptor_name":"Back Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001416","descriptor_name":"Back Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002908","descriptor_name":"Chronic Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004599","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation Therapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007866","descriptor_name":"Leg","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011379","descriptor_name":"Prognosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017211","descriptor_name":"Treatment Failure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000149199.68381.fe","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.brs.0000149199.68381.fe","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.brs.0000149199.68381.fe","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4026894","display_name":"Spine","issn_l":"0362-2436","issn":["0362-2436","1528-1159"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Spine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:15626996","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15626996","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Spine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unil.ch:iris/171965","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://iris.unil.ch/handle/iris/171965","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055444","display_name":"IRIS","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/6835bbe4-20d3-402b-9a9b-77ea9f2f2d56","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.birmingham.ac.uk/en/publications/6835bbe4-20d3-402b-9a9b-77ea9f2f2d56","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402634","display_name":"University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","host_organization_name":"University of Birmingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Taylor, R, Van Buyten, JP & Buchser, E 2005, 'Spinal cord stimulation for chronic back and leg pain and failed back surgery syndrome: a systematic review and analysis of prognostic factors', Spine, vol. 30, pp. 152-160.","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_A262FFA3EC8E","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_A262FFA3EC8E","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401797","display_name":"SERVAL (Universit\u00e9 de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210093590","host_organization_name":"Swiss School of Archaeology in Greece","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Spine, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 152-60","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9940000176429749,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319574","display_name":"Medtronic Europe","ror":"https://ror.org/04pf17v09"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":89,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W984811","https://openalex.org/W15898617","https://openalex.org/W22028299","https://openalex.org/W48985091","https://openalex.org/W80025124","https://openalex.org/W143591334","https://openalex.org/W175603550","https://openalex.org/W201691865","https://openalex.org/W206240925","https://openalex.org/W1497603043","https://openalex.org/W1503995466","https://openalex.org/W1550464544","https://openalex.org/W1600362391","https://openalex.org/W1770248573","https://openalex.org/W1772279749","https://openalex.org/W1868117632","https://openalex.org/W1962268728","https://openalex.org/W1963624625","https://openalex.org/W1965035943","https://openalex.org/W1967054868","https://openalex.org/W1968612606","https://openalex.org/W1969456897","https://openalex.org/W1970453192","https://openalex.org/W1970735973","https://openalex.org/W1971968408","https://openalex.org/W1974683495","https://openalex.org/W1976481912","https://openalex.org/W1981531564","https://openalex.org/W1981671432","https://openalex.org/W1982130175","https://openalex.org/W1986655266","https://openalex.org/W1987901930","https://openalex.org/W1992636898","https://openalex.org/W1996371941","https://openalex.org/W2001185985","https://openalex.org/W2004644954","https://openalex.org/W2006507104","https://openalex.org/W2010202190","https://openalex.org/W2012446337","https://openalex.org/W2015365804","https://openalex.org/W2019392738","https://openalex.org/W2020141140","https://openalex.org/W2021967871","https://openalex.org/W2022516246","https://openalex.org/W2022686354","https://openalex.org/W2029369233","https://openalex.org/W2030743971","https://openalex.org/W2038652353","https://openalex.org/W2046151745","https://openalex.org/W2058987666","https://openalex.org/W2064296154","https://openalex.org/W2066559380","https://openalex.org/W2069843708","https://openalex.org/W2072166419","https://openalex.org/W2073631327","https://openalex.org/W2079664707","https://openalex.org/W2080555025","https://openalex.org/W2081320515","https://openalex.org/W2085986891","https://openalex.org/W2086248758","https://openalex.org/W2089483668","https://openalex.org/W2090174301","https://openalex.org/W2103735212","https://openalex.org/W2106564152","https://openalex.org/W2107328434","https://openalex.org/W2112724538","https://openalex.org/W2142124375","https://openalex.org/W2145806829","https://openalex.org/W2155132414","https://openalex.org/W2232788099","https://openalex.org/W2317614695","https://openalex.org/W2323324162","https://openalex.org/W2334066723","https://openalex.org/W2400520517","https://openalex.org/W2411045623","https://openalex.org/W2414475297","https://openalex.org/W2417507221","https://openalex.org/W2434315522","https://openalex.org/W2434852545","https://openalex.org/W2463585872","https://openalex.org/W2465246145","https://openalex.org/W2621023542","https://openalex.org/W2764918430","https://openalex.org/W4252252848","https://openalex.org/W4255410335","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4296220478","https://openalex.org/W4297923235","https://openalex.org/W4322700696"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7098956013","https://openalex.org/W1996371941","https://openalex.org/W1983374902","https://openalex.org/W4390582583","https://openalex.org/W3136554030","https://openalex.org/W2784683419","https://openalex.org/W4240438258","https://openalex.org/W1989824672","https://openalex.org/W2731340053"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"Brief":[1],"Study":[2,120],"Design.":[3],"Systematic":[4],"review.":[5],"Objectives.":[6],"To":[7],"assess":[8],"efficacy":[9,347],"and":[10,21,24,29,57,60,75,97,114,152,167,178,280,293,303,355,386,417,420,451,482],"safety":[11],"of":[12,41,48,82,92,134,198,226,236,257,260,283,298,334,343,348,369,372,402,429,442,464,467,477],"spinal":[13,36,49,212,240,264,316,349,376,409,445,471],"cord":[14,37,50,213,241,265,317,350,377,410,446,472],"stimulation":[15,38,51,214,242,266,318,351,378,411,447],"in":[16,52,69,195,233,331,352,399,412],"patients":[17,53,199,218,284,299,413],"with":[18,54,104,200,211,217,263,285,300,414,434],"chronic":[19,55,291,301,353,415,449],"leg":[20,58,294,304,356,418,452],"back":[22,26,56,62,202,220,287,292,302,306,354,358,416,422,450],"pain":[23,59,157,209,237,261,373,419,453,468],"failed":[25,61,201,286,421],"surgery":[27,63,203,288,307,359,423],"syndrome":[28,64,204,289,308,360],"to":[30,254,366,461],"examine":[31],"prognostic":[32,251,457],"factors":[33,130,252,364,458],"that":[34,404],"predict":[35],"outcome.":[39],"Summary":[40],"Background":[42],"Data.":[43],"A":[44,80],"previous":[45],"systematic":[46],"review":[47],"by":[65,126],"Turner":[66],"et":[67],"al":[68],"1995":[70],"identified":[71],"39":[72],"case":[73,161,180,245],"studies":[74,181,335,403,431],"no":[76,321],"controlled":[77,113,173,186,438],"studies.":[78,247],"Methods.":[79],"number":[81,333,401],"electronic":[83],"databases":[84],"were":[85,110,118,163,182,267,325,379,459],"searched":[86],"through":[87,102],"January":[88],"2002.":[89],"Citation":[90],"searching":[91],"included":[93],"papers":[94],"was":[95,100,122,224],"undertaken,":[96],"gray":[98],"literature":[99],"sought":[101],"contact":[103],"clinical":[105],"experts.":[106],"No":[107],"language":[108],"restrictions":[109],"applied.":[111],"All":[112],"noncontrolled":[115],"study":[116,150,269,380,384,474,480],"designs":[117],"included.":[119,183],"selection":[121],"carried":[123],"out":[124],"independently":[125],"two":[127],"reviewers.":[128],"Prognostic":[129,363],"(age,":[131],"sex,":[132],"duration":[133,476],"pain,":[135],"time":[136],"post":[137],"surgery,":[138],"follow-up":[139,273,382,478],"duration,":[140,274,383],"publication":[141],"year,":[142,145],"data":[143,147],"collection":[144,148],"indication,":[146],"country,":[149],"setting,":[151,385,481],"quality":[153,270],"score)":[154],"responsible":[155],"for":[156,345,444,448],"relief":[158,210,238,262,374,469],"outcome":[159],"across":[160,244],"series":[162,246],"examined":[164],"using":[165],"univariate":[166],"multivariate":[168],"metaregression.":[169],"Results.":[170],"One":[171],"randomized":[172,185,437],"trial,":[174,439],"one":[175,310,436],"cohort":[176],"study,":[177],"72":[179],"The":[184,248],"trial":[187],"reported":[188,243],"a":[189,315,396],"significant":[190],"benefit":[191],"(P":[192,230],"=":[193],"0.047)":[194],"the":[196,234,281,332,337,341,346,370,390,400,407,427,440,465],"proportion":[197],"reporting":[205],"50%":[206],"or":[207,311],"more":[208,312],"(37.5%)":[215],"compared":[216],"undergoing":[219],"reoperation":[221],"(11.5%).":[222],"There":[223],"evidence":[225,344,443],"substantial":[227,397],"statistical":[228],"heterogeneity":[229],"<":[231],"0.0001)":[232],"level":[235,259,342,371,441,466],"following":[239,314,375,470],"four":[249],"principal":[250],"found":[253,365,460],"be":[255,367,462],"predictive":[256,368,463],"increased":[258],"poor":[268],"score,":[271],"short":[272],"multicenter":[275],"(versus":[276,290],"single":[277],"center)":[278],"studies,":[279],"inclusion":[282],"pain).":[295],"Overall,":[296],"43%":[297],"pain/failed":[305,357],"experienced":[309],"complications":[313],"implant,":[319],"although":[320],"major":[322],"adverse":[323],"events":[324],"reported.":[326],"Conclusions.":[327],"Despite":[328],"an":[329],"increase":[330,398],"over":[336],"last":[338,391],"10":[339],"years,":[340],"remains":[361],"\u201cmoderate.\u201d":[362,455],"quality,":[381,475],"patient":[387,483],"indication.":[388,484],"Over":[389],"decade,":[392],"there":[393],"has":[394],"been":[395],"have":[405],"assessed":[406],"impact":[408],"syndrome.":[424],"Nevertheless,":[425],"as":[426],"majority":[428],"these":[430],"are":[432],"uncontrolled,":[433],"only":[435],"is":[454],"Four":[456],"stimulation:":[473],"review,":[479]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":14}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
