{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2201021550","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2015.2500239","title":"A Parameterized Pattern-Error Objective for Large-Scale Phase-Only Array Pattern Design","display_name":"A Parameterized Pattern-Error Objective for Large-Scale Phase-Only Array Pattern Design","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-11-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2201021550","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2015.2500239","mag":"2201021550"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tap.2015.2500239","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2015.2500239","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2015.2500239","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S85738991","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","issn_l":"0018-926X","issn":["0018-926X","1558-2221"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320753","host_organization_name":"IEEE Antennas & Propagation Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320753","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Antennas & Propagation Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043697060","display_name":"Dan P. Scholnik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0341-030X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0341-030X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288214837","display_name":"United States Naval Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/04d23a975","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I175003984","https://openalex.org/I3130687028"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4388482741","display_name":"Naval Research Laboratory Radar Division","ror":"https://ror.org/03p2cen66","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I175003984","https://openalex.org/I3130687028","https://openalex.org/I4388482741"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dan P. Scholnik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radar Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radar Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837","https://openalex.org/I4388482741"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043697060"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837","https://openalex.org/I4388482741"],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1191,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77711986,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"64","issue":"1","first_page":"89","last_page":"98"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12450","display_name":"Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phased-array-radar","display_name":"phased array radar","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sidelobe-suppression","display_name":"sidelobe suppression","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-computation","display_name":"gradient computation","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quasi-newton-methods","display_name":"quasi-Newton methods","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference-suppression","display_name":"interference suppression","score":0.3889999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159379195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239568","display_name":"Precomputation","level":3,"score":0.7459241151809692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55494473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727898","display_name":"Phased array","level":3,"score":0.6814256310462952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6783677339553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5843161344528198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.5603172779083252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5534392595291138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186633575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845060","display_name":"Maxima and minima","level":2,"score":0.5446826815605164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.4588923752307892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.44942566752433777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.43850597739219666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2672882676124573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.20670777559280396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1937268078327179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.14988309144973755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12884464859962463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tap.2015.2500239","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2015.2500239","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2015.2500239","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S85738991","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","issn_l":"0018-926X","issn":["0018-926X","1558-2221"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320753","host_organization_name":"IEEE Antennas & Propagation Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320753","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Antennas & Propagation Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W348113816","https://openalex.org/W1520503756","https://openalex.org/W1533155545","https://openalex.org/W1577334627","https://openalex.org/W1892788285","https://openalex.org/W1946809663","https://openalex.org/W1971291082","https://openalex.org/W1985064376","https://openalex.org/W1989379344","https://openalex.org/W1990376205","https://openalex.org/W1998152471","https://openalex.org/W2003310918","https://openalex.org/W2005136695","https://openalex.org/W2008374458","https://openalex.org/W2010122118","https://openalex.org/W2012300893","https://openalex.org/W2021528019","https://openalex.org/W2025058103","https://openalex.org/W2026443249","https://openalex.org/W2028413708","https://openalex.org/W2029122096","https://openalex.org/W2038210983","https://openalex.org/W2051434435","https://openalex.org/W2077065944","https://openalex.org/W2078409719","https://openalex.org/W2083000886","https://openalex.org/W2100616172","https://openalex.org/W2103111465","https://openalex.org/W2106184063","https://openalex.org/W2106453960","https://openalex.org/W2107535961","https://openalex.org/W2109806961","https://openalex.org/W2121989412","https://openalex.org/W2124600953","https://openalex.org/W2132150310","https://openalex.org/W2132752203","https://openalex.org/W2133944945","https://openalex.org/W2139683370","https://openalex.org/W2139740350","https://openalex.org/W2140813920","https://openalex.org/W2144323777","https://openalex.org/W2145096629","https://openalex.org/W2149177910","https://openalex.org/W2149949396","https://openalex.org/W2150198160","https://openalex.org/W2154985048","https://openalex.org/W2156638986","https://openalex.org/W2164710420","https://openalex.org/W2165518466","https://openalex.org/W2171496286","https://openalex.org/W2171852857","https://openalex.org/W2197917896","https://openalex.org/W2544328174","https://openalex.org/W2545517455","https://openalex.org/W3029645440","https://openalex.org/W3182472408","https://openalex.org/W4293775970","https://openalex.org/W6687776948"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2506622670","https://openalex.org/W1577334627","https://openalex.org/W2139740350","https://openalex.org/W1968609873","https://openalex.org/W2113135233","https://openalex.org/W2131507603","https://openalex.org/W94742","https://openalex.org/W2156356564","https://openalex.org/W1866309651","https://openalex.org/W2541197764"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modern":[0],"phased-array":[1],"radar":[2],"systems":[3],"increasingly":[4],"require":[5],"customized":[6],"transmit":[7],"patterns,":[8],"implemented":[9],"using":[10],"only":[11],"phase":[12,40],"shifts,":[13],"to":[14,90],"illuminate":[15],"or":[16,42],"suppress":[17,98],"interference":[18],"from":[19],"specific":[20],"regions.":[21],"Multiple":[22],"custom":[23],"patterns":[24],"may":[25],"be":[26,88],"required":[27],"at":[28],"every":[29],"beam":[30],"position,":[31],"requiring":[32],"either":[33],"precomputation":[34],"of":[35,39,57,105,116,125],"a":[36,48,114],"large":[37],"library":[38],"weights":[41],"real-time":[43],"computation.":[44],"Presented":[45],"here":[46],"is":[47,66],"weighted":[49],"pattern-error":[50],"formulation":[51],"that":[52,119],"offers":[53],"efficient":[54,72],"FFT-based":[55],"calculation":[56],"both":[58],"the":[59,78,93,99,103,123],"objective":[60,79],"and":[61,65,86,96],"its":[62],"gradient":[63],"vector":[64],"well":[67,112],"suited":[68],"for":[69,84],"solving":[70],"with":[71],"quasi-Newton":[73],"methods.":[74],"Although":[75],"deliberately":[76],"simple,":[77],"has":[80],"several":[81],"heuristic":[82],"parameters":[83],"flexibility":[85],"can":[87],"used":[89],"simultaneously":[91],"customize":[92],"mainbeam":[94,124],"shape":[95],"selectively":[97],"sidelobes.":[100],"Examples":[101],"demonstrate":[102],"feasibility":[104],"1000+":[106],"element":[107],"2-D":[108],"array":[109],"designs,":[110],"as":[111,113],"characterization":[115],"point":[117],"nulls":[118],"commonly":[120],"occur":[121],"in":[122],"suboptimal":[126],"local":[127],"minima.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}