{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2199612786","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1163/156855506778538047","title":"Development of chitosan-guar gum semi-interpenetrating polymer network microspheres for controlled release of cefadroxil","display_name":"Development of chitosan-guar gum semi-interpenetrating polymer network microspheres for controlled release of cefadroxil","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2199612786","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1163/156855506778538047","mag":"2199612786"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1163/156855506778538047","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1163/156855506778538047","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1163/156855506778538047","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1163/156855506778538047?needAccess=true&role=button","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20456899","display_name":"Designed Monomers & Polymers","issn_l":"1385-772X","issn":["1385-772X","1568-5551"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1163/156855506778538047?needAccess=true&role=button","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071639039","display_name":"K. Mallikarjuna Reddy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Mallikarjuna Reddy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry , S. K. University , Anantapur , 515 003 India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry , S. K. University , Anantapur , 515 003 India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088382649","display_name":"V. Ramesh Babu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3489-4113","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3489-4113"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110083240","display_name":"Karnatak University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ajnv358","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110083240"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. Ramesh Babu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Drug Delivery Division , Center of Excellence in Polymer Science , Karnatak University , Dharwad 580 003 , India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Drug Delivery Division , Center of Excellence in Polymer Science , Karnatak University , Dharwad 580 003 , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110083240"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044346097","display_name":"Malladi Sairam","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110083240","display_name":"Karnatak University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ajnv358","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110083240"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Sairam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Drug Delivery Division , Center of Excellence in Polymer Science , Karnatak University , Dharwad 580 003 , India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Drug Delivery Division , Center of Excellence in Polymer Science , Karnatak University , Dharwad 580 003 , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110083240"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111563832","display_name":"M. C. S. Subha","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. C. S. Subha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry , S. K. University , Anantapur , 515 003 India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry , S. K. University , Anantapur , 515 003 India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037475526","display_name":"Mallikarjuna N. Nadagouda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4800-4436","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4800-4436"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162577319","display_name":"The University of Texas at Dallas","ror":"https://ror.org/049emcs32","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I867280407","display_name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05byvp690","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I867280407"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. N. Mallikarjuna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southwestern Medical Center , University of Texas , Dallas , TX 75390-9058 , USA","University of Texas at Dallas"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southwestern Medical Center , University of Texas , Dallas , TX 75390-9058 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I867280407"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Dallas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083161716","display_name":"P. V. Kulkarni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3886-7067","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3886-7067"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I867280407","display_name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05byvp690","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I867280407"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. V. Kulkarni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southwestern Medical Center , University of Texas , Dallas , TX 75390-9058 , USA","RAD Research"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southwestern Medical Center , University of Texas , Dallas , TX 75390-9058 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I867280407"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RAD Research","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076026149","display_name":"Tejraj Malleshappa Aminabhavi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5613-3916","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5613-3916"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110083240","display_name":"Karnatak University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ajnv358","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110083240"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. M. Aminabhavi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Drug Delivery Division , Center of Excellence in Polymer Science , Karnatak University , Dharwad 580 003 , India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Drug Delivery Division , Center of Excellence in Polymer Science , Karnatak University , Dharwad 580 003 , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110083240"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1533},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2195,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.46838348,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"5","first_page":"491","last_page":"501"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10920","display_name":"Advanced Drug Delivery Systems","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3003","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10920","display_name":"Advanced Drug Delivery Systems","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3003","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10343","display_name":"Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12048","display_name":"Microencapsulation and Drying Processes","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chitosan","display_name":"chitosan","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/guar-gum","display_name":"guar gum","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semi-interpenetrating-polymer-network","display_name":"semi-interpenetrating polymer network","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microspheres","display_name":"microspheres","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cefadroxil","display_name":"cefadroxil","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controlled-drug-release","display_name":"controlled drug release","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustained-release","display_name":"sustained drug release","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-in-oil-emulsions","display_name":"water-in-oil emulsions","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glutaraldehyde-crosslinking","display_name":"glutaraldehyde crosslinking","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-loading","display_name":"drug loading","score":0.515999972820282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39519442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q904893","display_name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","level":2,"score":0.834511399269104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776725572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422071","display_name":"Guar gum","level":2,"score":0.8037762641906738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26771246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321095","display_name":"Scanning electron microscope","level":2,"score":0.675645649433136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6629560589790344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779732960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408510","display_name":"Chitosan","level":2,"score":0.6196483969688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777529624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416475","display_name":"Glutaraldehyde","level":2,"score":0.5991107225418091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779310008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8578553","display_name":"Interpenetrating polymer network","level":3,"score":0.5762872099876404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780131815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2319020","display_name":"Cefadroxil","level":4,"score":0.5526670217514038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521977710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163","display_name":"Polymer","level":2,"score":0.5273609757423401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4818100333213806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163588942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165929","display_name":"Controlled release","level":2,"score":0.46648672223091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778123984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187634","display_name":"Emulsion","level":2,"score":0.46317699551582336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88380143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416674","display_name":"Dissolution","level":2,"score":0.4172661602497101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13965031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243545","display_name":"Nuclear chemistry","level":1,"score":0.32271796464920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.20404794812202454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.20051991939544678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.17535099387168884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.1393825113773346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64778159","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q271021","display_name":"Cephalosporin","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1163/156855506778538047","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1163/156855506778538047","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1163/156855506778538047","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1163/156855506778538047?needAccess=true&role=button","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20456899","display_name":"Designed Monomers & Polymers","issn_l":"1385-772X","issn":["1385-772X","1568-5551"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1163/156855506778538047","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1163/156855506778538047","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1163/156855506778538047","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1163/156855506778538047?needAccess=true&role=button","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20456899","display_name":"Designed Monomers & Polymers","issn_l":"1385-772X","issn":["1385-772X","1568-5551"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5683000087738037,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6476409021","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"F1-41/2001/CPP-II","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320767","funder_display_name":"University Grants Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320767","display_name":"University Grants Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/04p800546"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2199612786.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2199612786.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964710897","https://openalex.org/W1972058337","https://openalex.org/W1986528315","https://openalex.org/W2005191288","https://openalex.org/W2008188583","https://openalex.org/W2018931797","https://openalex.org/W2022758459","https://openalex.org/W2026899115","https://openalex.org/W2028882729","https://openalex.org/W2032104010","https://openalex.org/W2047434407","https://openalex.org/W2052123125","https://openalex.org/W2059151760","https://openalex.org/W2068686072","https://openalex.org/W2078704250","https://openalex.org/W2079693865","https://openalex.org/W2084667726","https://openalex.org/W2094627626","https://openalex.org/W2136422433","https://openalex.org/W2140413582"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2323817265","https://openalex.org/W2046526678","https://openalex.org/W29919215","https://openalex.org/W1998265502","https://openalex.org/W2094400702","https://openalex.org/W2103190876","https://openalex.org/W2967076332","https://openalex.org/W1993455511","https://openalex.org/W2030393722","https://openalex.org/W2079969608"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Blend":[0],"microspheres":[1,23,40,62,80,114],"of":[2,32,60,74,110,121,128,134,144],"chitosan":[3],"(CS)":[4],"and":[5,24,50,69,77,107,131],"guar":[6],"gum":[7],"(GG)":[8],"have":[9,41,138],"been":[10,42],"prepared":[11],"using":[12],"the":[13,22,30,58,64,75,78,87,91,129,132,142,147],"water-in-oil":[14],"(w/o)":[15],"emulsion":[16],"method.":[17],"Cefadroxil":[18],"was":[19],"loaded":[20,123],"into":[21,124],"cross-linked":[25],"with":[26,63],"glutaraldehyde,":[27],"leading":[28],"to":[29,116],"formation":[31,59],"a":[33,105],"semi-interpenetrating":[34],"polymer":[35],"network":[36],"(IPN)":[37],"structure.":[38],"The":[39,119],"characterized":[43],"by":[44],"scanning":[45,52,71],"electron":[46,55],"microscopy,":[47],"X-ray":[48,67],"diffraction":[49,68],"differential":[51,70],"calorimetry.":[53],"Scanning":[54],"micrographs":[56],"showed":[57],"non-uniform":[61],"rough":[65],"surface.":[66],"calorimetry":[72],"studies":[73],"plain":[76],"drug-loaded":[79],"indicated":[81,104],"that":[82],"drug":[83,122],"is":[84],"dispersed":[85],"at":[86],"molecular":[88],"level":[89],"in":[90,99],"semi-IPN":[92,113,148],"matrix.":[93],"In":[94],"vitro":[95],"dissolution":[96],"experiments":[97],"performed":[98],"pH":[100],"7.4":[101],"buffer":[102],"medium":[103],"sustained":[106],"controlled":[108],"release":[109,143],"cefadroxil":[111,145],"from":[112,146],"up":[115],"10":[117],"h.":[118],"amount":[120,133],"microspheres,":[125],"CS-GG":[126],"composition":[127],"blend":[130],"cross-linking":[135],"agent":[136],"used":[137],"shown":[139],"dependencies":[140],"on":[141],"microspheres.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}