{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2199103530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.11.007","title":"Increasing physical activity levels in primary school physical education: The SHARP Principles Model","display_name":"Increasing physical activity levels in primary school physical education: The SHARP Principles Model","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-11-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2199103530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.11.007","mag":"2199103530","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26844179","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4733067"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.11.007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.11.007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.11.007","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211335515001643/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736416831","display_name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","issn_l":"2211-3355","issn":["2211-3355"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211335515001643/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076369870","display_name":"Emma A. Powell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9061-1635","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9061-1635"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I210300861","display_name":"Birmingham Newman University","ror":"https://ror.org/009tnsj43","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I210300861"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Emma Powell","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Education, Newman University, Birmingham, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Education, Newman University, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I210300861"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023736480","display_name":"Lorayne Woodfield","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7742-6574","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7742-6574"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I210300861","display_name":"Birmingham Newman University","ror":"https://ror.org/009tnsj43","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I210300861"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lorayne A. Woodfield","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Human Sciences, Newman University, Birmingham, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Human Sciences, Newman University, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I210300861"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028349353","display_name":"Alan Michael Nevill","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0506-3652","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0506-3652"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119664326","display_name":"University of Wolverhampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01k2y1055","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119664326"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan M. Nevill","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Health, Education and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Health, Education and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119664326"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076369870"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I210300861"],"apc_list":{"value":2610,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2610},"apc_paid":{"value":2610,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2610},"fwci":15.7119,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":71,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98603636,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":null,"first_page":"7","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11718","display_name":"Physical Education and Pedagogy","score":0.9282000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11718","display_name":"Physical Education and Pedagogy","score":0.9282000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10352","display_name":"Physical Activity and Health","score":0.052400000393390656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12831","display_name":"School Health and Nursing Education","score":0.006000000052154064,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exercise","display_name":"physical activity","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elementary-school-physical-education","display_name":"elementary school physical education","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moderate-to-vigorous-physical-activity","display_name":"moderate-to-vigorous physical activity","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-effectiveness","display_name":"teacher effectiveness","score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-determination-theory","display_name":"self-determination theory","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socio-ecological-model","display_name":"socio-ecological model","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-intervention","display_name":"educational intervention","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children-aged-7-9","display_name":"children aged 7-9","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-pedagogy","display_name":"teacher pedagogy","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sofit","display_name":"SOFIT","score":0.6679999828338623}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100363876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690661","display_name":"Nonprobability sampling","level":3,"score":0.705355703830719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.6303894519805908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780084366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demographics","level":2,"score":0.6039704084396362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020255362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747883","display_name":"Physical activity","level":2,"score":0.5487558841705322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71406770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243253","display_name":"Physical education","level":2,"score":0.5080740451812744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102959455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7313954","display_name":"Repeated measures design","level":2,"score":0.4998178482055664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4833623766899109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.4240378737449646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3714333772659302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.24139893054962158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.2342315912246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.20391705632209778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1392761468887329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.11599299311637878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.11.007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.11.007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.11.007","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211335515001643/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736416831","display_name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","issn_l":"2211-3355","issn":["2211-3355"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:26844179","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26844179","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Preventive medicine reports","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4733067","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4733067/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Prev Med Rep","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:wlv.openrepository.com:2436/622340","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2436/622340","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401000","display_name":"Wolverhampton Intellectual Repository and E-Theses (University of Wolverhampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I119664326","host_organization_name":"University of Wolverhampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119664326"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"13","raw_type":"Journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.11.007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.11.007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.11.007","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211335515001643/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736416831","display_name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","issn_l":"2211-3355","issn":["2211-3355"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"score":0.9235000014305115,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2199103530.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2199103530.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W141978938","https://openalex.org/W259644607","https://openalex.org/W647093941","https://openalex.org/W1607118314","https://openalex.org/W1976084823","https://openalex.org/W1984220171","https://openalex.org/W1996722832","https://openalex.org/W1998354571","https://openalex.org/W2002962606","https://openalex.org/W2003138457","https://openalex.org/W2013620493","https://openalex.org/W2015693352","https://openalex.org/W2024460675","https://openalex.org/W2024503453","https://openalex.org/W2031970118","https://openalex.org/W2037427175","https://openalex.org/W2041625121","https://openalex.org/W2069373096","https://openalex.org/W2093285775","https://openalex.org/W2095008525","https://openalex.org/W2096528587","https://openalex.org/W2106161974","https://openalex.org/W2111542510","https://openalex.org/W2113135435","https://openalex.org/W2122806520","https://openalex.org/W2125284984","https://openalex.org/W2128469836","https://openalex.org/W2135517195","https://openalex.org/W2143495042","https://openalex.org/W2149253067","https://openalex.org/W2151481315","https://openalex.org/W2158089900","https://openalex.org/W2167025932","https://openalex.org/W2200102925","https://openalex.org/W2239486811","https://openalex.org/W2253947559","https://openalex.org/W2462320653","https://openalex.org/W2469425399","https://openalex.org/W2615642679","https://openalex.org/W2751624169","https://openalex.org/W2753533763","https://openalex.org/W2951788140","https://openalex.org/W3033232983","https://openalex.org/W4242883546","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6818346841"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2998919073","https://openalex.org/W4306405636","https://openalex.org/W3194215638","https://openalex.org/W1747690327","https://openalex.org/W2073182469","https://openalex.org/W7045233213","https://openalex.org/W2883522743","https://openalex.org/W4289262440","https://openalex.org/W2761299311","https://openalex.org/W2375829557"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVES:":[0],"To":[1],"evaluate":[2],"the":[3,38,91,99,104,114,129,145,153,201,208,251],"effectiveness":[4,89],"of":[5,56,152,160,267],"a":[6,226,261,265],"one-year":[7],"teaching":[8],"intervention":[9,85,146,202,235],"to":[10,13,51,81,148,255],"increase":[11],"moderate":[12],"vigorous":[14,184],"physical":[15,21],"activity":[16,185],"(MVPA)":[17],"during":[18],"primary":[19,35],"school":[20,74,203,210],"education":[22],"(PE).":[23],"METHODS:":[24],"A":[25,156],"quasi-experimental,":[26],"non-equivalent":[27],"group":[28],"design":[29],"involving":[30],"four":[31,125],"classes":[32],"from":[33,71,113],"two":[34,222],"schools":[36,45,53],"in":[37,54,73,98,170,200,207,238,241],"West":[39],"Midlands,":[40],"UK.":[41],"In":[42],"March":[43],"2014":[44],"were":[46,69,142],"selected":[47],"through":[48,90],"purposive":[49],"sampling":[50],"match":[52],"terms":[55],"size":[57],"and":[58,77,109,124,134,183,215,229,258],"demographics":[59],"(baseline,":[60],"n":[61,65],"=":[62,66,174,177,181,188,190,193,197],"111:":[63],"post-intervention,":[64],"95);":[67],"data":[68],"collected":[70],"children":[72],"years":[75],"3":[76],"4":[78],"(aged":[79],"7":[80],"9":[82],"years).":[83],"The":[84,218,234],"involved":[86],"developing":[87,231],"teacher":[88,140],"SHARP":[92,252],"Principles":[93,253],"Model":[94,107,254],"which":[95],"was":[96,120,236],"grounded":[97],"Self":[100],"Determination":[101],"Theory":[102],"(SDT),":[103],"Social":[105],"Ecological":[106],"(SEM)":[108],"three":[110],"key":[111],"ingredients":[112],"Behaviour":[115],"Change":[116],"Taxonomy":[117],"(BCT).":[118],"MVPA":[119,171,211,240],"assessed":[121],"at":[122],"baseline":[123],"weeks":[126],"post-intervention":[127],"using":[128],"System":[130],"for":[131,167,250],"Observing":[132],"Fitness":[133],"Instruction":[135],"Time":[136],"(SOFIT).":[137],"Four":[138],"individual":[139],"interviews":[141],"conducted":[143],"with":[144],"school,":[147],"explore":[149],"teachers'":[150],"perceptions":[151],"intervention.":[154],"RESULTS:":[155],"two-way":[157],"ANOVA":[158],"(Analysis":[159],"Variance)":[161],"indicated":[162],"large":[163],"interaction":[164],"effect":[165],"sizes":[166],"time":[168],"spent":[169],"(F(1,":[172],"27)":[173],"11.07,":[175],"p":[176,192],"0.003,":[178],"\u03b7p":[179,195],"(2)":[180,196],".316)":[182],"(VPA)":[186],"(F":[187],"(1,27)":[189],"8.557,":[191],".007,":[194],".263).":[198],"PA":[199],"increased":[204],"significantly":[205],"whereas":[206],"control":[209],"remained":[212],"relatively":[213],"constant":[214],"VPA":[216],"decreased.":[217],"qualitative":[219],"findings":[220],"revealed":[221],"main":[223],"emergent":[224],"themes:":[225],"paradigm":[227],"shift":[228],"teacher's":[230],"pedagogy.":[232],"CONCLUSIONS:":[233],"effective":[237],"increasing":[239],"PE.":[242],"Recommendations":[243],"based":[244],"on":[245,260],"this":[246],"evaluation":[247],"would":[248],"be":[249,256],"replicated":[257],"evaluated":[259],"wider":[262],"scale":[263],"across":[264],"variety":[266],"contexts.":[268]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}