{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2190194936","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s151229822","title":"A Review of Intelligent Driving Style Analysis Systems and Related Artificial Intelligence Algorithms","display_name":"A Review of Intelligent Driving Style Analysis Systems and Related Artificial Intelligence Algorithms","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-12-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2190194936","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s151229822","mag":"2190194936","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26690164","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4721742"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s151229822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s151229822","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s151229822","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/15/12/29822/pdf?version=1449242121","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/15/12/29822/pdf?version=1449242121","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022810552","display_name":"Gys Meiring","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69552723","display_name":"University of Pretoria","ror":"https://ror.org/00g0p6g84","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69552723"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gys Meiring","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69552723"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010024024","display_name":"Hermanus Carel Myburgh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7567-4518","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7567-4518"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69552723","display_name":"University of Pretoria","ror":"https://ror.org/00g0p6g84","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69552723"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hermanus Myburgh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7567-4518","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69552723"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010024024"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69552723"],"apc_list":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"apc_paid":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"fwci":23.8633,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":274,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99622902,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"12","first_page":"30653","last_page":"30682"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.31130000948905945,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.31130000948905945,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.2062000036239624,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.2003999948501587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/driver-behavior","display_name":"driver behavior","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/driver-identification","display_name":"driver identification","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic-inference-system","display_name":"fuzzy logic inference system","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-models","display_name":"hidden Markov models","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"support vector machine","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning-algorithms","display_name":"machine learning algorithms","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-driving-systems","display_name":"intelligent driving systems","score":0.6610000133514404}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6664043664932251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6174506545066833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6147712469100952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6006088852882385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5309820771217346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.5240326523780823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4968293011188507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.4508240222930908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87833898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1060280","display_name":"Advanced driver assistance systems","level":2,"score":0.4471137225627899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.44392693042755127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1792644","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","level":2,"score":0.4141135513782501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s151229822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s151229822","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s151229822","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/15/12/29822/pdf?version=1449242121","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4721742","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4721742","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:26690164","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26690164","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b7424db578544129ab029c535020a6a2","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b7424db578544129ab029c535020a6a2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 15, Iss 12, Pp 30653-30682 (2015)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/51413","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2263/51413","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401870","display_name":"UpSpace Institutional Repository (University of Pretoria)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I69552723","host_organization_name":"University of Pretoria","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69552723"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s151229822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s151229822","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s151229822","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/15/12/29822/pdf?version=1449242121","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2190194936.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2190194936.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":84,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W896651298","https://openalex.org/W1175502716","https://openalex.org/W1213379166","https://openalex.org/W1529920312","https://openalex.org/W1560753749","https://openalex.org/W1751378831","https://openalex.org/W1964023669","https://openalex.org/W1966498256","https://openalex.org/W1967679139","https://openalex.org/W1971708891","https://openalex.org/W1975839640","https://openalex.org/W1979985341","https://openalex.org/W1985423199","https://openalex.org/W1988382218","https://openalex.org/W1991801742","https://openalex.org/W1993837778","https://openalex.org/W1997729461","https://openalex.org/W1999873341","https://openalex.org/W2005171578","https://openalex.org/W2006425395","https://openalex.org/W2007354440","https://openalex.org/W2011489087","https://openalex.org/W2016980512","https://openalex.org/W2017372880","https://openalex.org/W2018690964","https://openalex.org/W2022105061","https://openalex.org/W2025184070","https://openalex.org/W2028113506","https://openalex.org/W2029952693","https://openalex.org/W2034411841","https://openalex.org/W2038445953","https://openalex.org/W2039380350","https://openalex.org/W2039784501","https://openalex.org/W2046004769","https://openalex.org/W2047150210","https://openalex.org/W2049395331","https://openalex.org/W2052392041","https://openalex.org/W2052604480","https://openalex.org/W2056917913","https://openalex.org/W2060797806","https://openalex.org/W2061344455","https://openalex.org/W2062456638","https://openalex.org/W2070011824","https://openalex.org/W2070420170","https://openalex.org/W2074967085","https://openalex.org/W2079541639","https://openalex.org/W2080803848","https://openalex.org/W2083863819","https://openalex.org/W2086461263","https://openalex.org/W2088048461","https://openalex.org/W2094603253","https://openalex.org/W2097028424","https://openalex.org/W2097612790","https://openalex.org/W2097695383","https://openalex.org/W2098380626","https://openalex.org/W2098794415","https://openalex.org/W2105834663","https://openalex.org/W2117716621","https://openalex.org/W2129367100","https://openalex.org/W2130713881","https://openalex.org/W2132430805","https://openalex.org/W2135801466","https://openalex.org/W2138356292","https://openalex.org/W2139788818","https://openalex.org/W2140466491","https://openalex.org/W2146439206","https://openalex.org/W2148064289","https://openalex.org/W2151242288","https://openalex.org/W2151666054","https://openalex.org/W2158047270","https://openalex.org/W2160121217","https://openalex.org/W2161435222","https://openalex.org/W2162508706","https://openalex.org/W2170003873","https://openalex.org/W2170581891","https://openalex.org/W2171801645","https://openalex.org/W2172136076","https://openalex.org/W2333256868","https://openalex.org/W2552502643","https://openalex.org/W2912565176","https://openalex.org/W3047877646","https://openalex.org/W4211007335","https://openalex.org/W6628044531","https://openalex.org/W6674842964"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2809681404","https://openalex.org/W2745090846","https://openalex.org/W2017372880","https://openalex.org/W3208043611","https://openalex.org/W4313347137","https://openalex.org/W3021766521","https://openalex.org/W2392416874","https://openalex.org/W4389662600","https://openalex.org/W3107410373","https://openalex.org/W3011322905"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"the":[3,18,48,51,54,58,65,71,83,88,95],"various":[4],"driving":[5,32],"style":[6,33,62],"analysis":[7,34,63],"solutions":[8],"are":[9],"investigated.":[10],"An":[11],"in-depth":[12],"investigation":[13,84],"is":[14,85],"performed":[15],"to":[16,77,86,122],"identify":[17],"relevant":[19],"machine":[20],"learning":[21],"and":[22,31,45,50,70,114],"artificial":[23,73],"intelligence":[24,74],"algorithms":[25,75,127],"utilised":[26],"in":[27,60,98],"current":[28,55],"driver":[29,61,92,100,125],"behaviour":[30,101],"systems.":[35],"This":[36],"review":[37],"therefore":[38],"serves":[39],"as":[40],"a":[41],"trove":[42],"of":[43,57,67,82,119],"information,":[44],"will":[46],"inform":[47],"specialist":[49],"student":[52],"regarding":[53],"state":[56],"art":[59],"systems,":[64,110],"application":[66],"these":[68,78],"systems":[69],"underlying":[72],"applied":[76],"applications.":[79],"The":[80],"aim":[81],"evaluate":[87],"possibilities":[89],"for":[90],"unique":[91,124],"identification":[93,126],"utilizing":[94],"approaches":[96],"identified":[97],"other":[99],"studies.":[102],"It":[103],"was":[104],"found":[105],"that":[106],"Fuzzy":[107],"Logic":[108],"inference":[109],"Hidden":[111],"Markov":[112],"Models":[113],"Support":[115],"Vector":[116],"Machines":[117],"consist":[118],"promising":[120],"capabilities":[121],"address":[123],"if":[128],"model":[129],"complexity":[130],"can":[131],"be":[132],"reduced.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
