{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2189532368","doi":null,"title":"Urokinase plasminogen activator, uPAR, MMP-2, and MMP-9 in the C6-glioblastoma rat model.","display_name":"Urokinase plasminogen activator, uPAR, MMP-2, and MMP-9 in the C6-glioblastoma rat model.","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2189532368","mag":"2189532368","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22773570"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:22773570","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22773570","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"In vivo (Athens, Greece)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031420085","display_name":"Patrick Johannes Schuler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1065-8709","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1065-8709"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick J Schuler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany. patrick.schuler@uk-essen.de"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany. patrick.schuler@uk-essen.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019876508","display_name":"Martin Bendszus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9094-6769","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9094-6769"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Bendszus","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041743379","display_name":"Siglinde K\u00fchnel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siglinde Kuehnel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108733964","display_name":"Sven Wagner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sven Wagner","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101789276","display_name":"Thomas Karl Hoffmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5127-3779","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5127-3779"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas K Hoffmann","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018453143","display_name":"Roland Goldbrunner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1927-0022","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1927-0022"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roland Goldbrunner","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047391788","display_name":"Giles H. Vince","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0222-8733","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0222-8733"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giles H Vince","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5075,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6343557,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"4","first_page":"571","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10620","display_name":"Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms","score":0.9473000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10620","display_name":"Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms","score":0.9473000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10129","display_name":"Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.05119999870657921,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12505","display_name":"Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1303","display_name":"Biochemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glioblastoma","display_name":"glioblastoma","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urokinase-type-plasminogen-activator","display_name":"urokinase","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upar","display_name":"uPAR","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mmp-2","display_name":"MMP-2","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mmp-9","display_name":"MMP-9","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-invasion","display_name":"tumor invasion","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-spheroids","display_name":"tumor spheroids","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthotopic-implantation","display_name":"orthotopic implantation","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-volume","display_name":"tumor volume","score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proteolytic-cascade","display_name":"proteolytic cascade","score":0.7960000038146973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56219504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7900869","display_name":"Urokinase receptor","level":3,"score":0.9517505764961243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109523444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424216","display_name":"Matrix metalloproteinase","level":2,"score":0.7146521806716919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204232928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899285","display_name":"Immunohistochemistry","level":2,"score":0.5872671604156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776892390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7119591","display_name":"Urokinase","level":2,"score":0.5556973218917847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5523979663848877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.539039134979248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779679481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13581432","display_name":"Plasminogen activator","level":2,"score":0.5131416916847229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.5118126273155212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776572282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416351","display_name":"Tissue plasminogen activator","level":2,"score":0.46908846497535706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207001950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124","display_name":"In vivo","level":2,"score":0.4657740294933319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177430391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1173648","display_name":"Zymography","level":3,"score":0.45216476917266846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182220744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7251226","display_name":"Proteases","level":3,"score":0.450801819562912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153400128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3150731","display_name":"Infiltration (HVAC)","level":2,"score":0.4448184072971344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137738243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189092","display_name":"Cell migration","level":3,"score":0.41726893186569214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1491633281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7868","display_name":"Cell","level":2,"score":0.29966509342193604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.29121410846710205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.24181392788887024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.15099015831947327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.1324484646320343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0905560851097107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.08019012212753296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001483","descriptor_name":"Base Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000201","qualifier_name":"enzymology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005909","descriptor_name":"Glioblastoma","qualifier_ui":"Q000201","qualifier_name":"enzymology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005909","descriptor_name":"Glioblastoma","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007150","descriptor_name":"Immunohistochemistry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016133","descriptor_name":"Polymerase Chain Reaction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017931","descriptor_name":"DNA Primers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020778","descriptor_name":"Matrix Metalloproteinase 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020780","descriptor_name":"Matrix Metalloproteinase 9","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055293","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:22773570","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22773570","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"In vivo (Athens, Greece)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2189532368","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22773570","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1538146409","https://openalex.org/W1705608888","https://openalex.org/W1967156030","https://openalex.org/W1968619433","https://openalex.org/W1987134694","https://openalex.org/W1990082011","https://openalex.org/W1994567037","https://openalex.org/W1995398404","https://openalex.org/W2005667808","https://openalex.org/W2008229292","https://openalex.org/W2030114421","https://openalex.org/W2032320946","https://openalex.org/W2083007970","https://openalex.org/W2088525173","https://openalex.org/W2094533990","https://openalex.org/W2135351121","https://openalex.org/W2151794458","https://openalex.org/W2152391708","https://openalex.org/W2170149445","https://openalex.org/W2334614461"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968619433","https://openalex.org/W2106091105","https://openalex.org/W1989566582","https://openalex.org/W1972185231","https://openalex.org/W72792622","https://openalex.org/W2100131346","https://openalex.org/W1514923669","https://openalex.org/W1982100147","https://openalex.org/W2125871617","https://openalex.org/W289533775"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"In":[1,89,101],"glioblastoma":[2],"multiforme":[3],"(GBM),":[4],"the":[5,24,45,91,117,125,130,164,173],"serine":[6],"protease":[7],"urokinase":[8],"plasminogen":[9],"activator":[10],"(uPA),":[11],"and":[12,42,53,111,128,149,161],"matrix":[13],"metalloproteases":[14],"(MMP-2/MMP-9)":[15],"contribute":[16],"to":[17,27],"its":[18],"invasive":[19],"growth":[20],"pattern,":[21],"which":[22],"is":[23],"major":[25],"obstacle":[26],"successful":[28],"surgical":[29],"treatment.":[30],"MATERIALS":[31],"AND":[32],"METHODS:":[33],"The":[34,58,78,134],"expression":[35,60,113],"of":[36,44,61,99,106,159,163,175],"uPA":[37,120,160],"was":[38,63,81,114,121,142],"determined":[39],"in":[40,65,73,116,124,129,155,172],"monolayers":[41],"spheroids":[43,68],"rodent":[46],"GBM":[47,92,156],"cell":[48,93],"line":[49,94],"C6":[50,95],"by":[51,69,83],"immunohistochemistry":[52,71],"polymerase":[54],"chain":[55],"reaction":[56],"(PCR).":[57],"longitudinal":[59],"proteases":[62],"studied":[64],"orthotopically":[66],"implanted":[67],"semi-quantitative":[70],"(IHC)":[72],"Sprague":[74],"Dawley":[75],"rats":[76],"(n=40).":[77],"tumor":[79,136],"volume":[80,137],"monitored":[82],"magnetic":[84],"resonance":[85],"imaging":[86],"(MRI).":[87],"RESULTS:":[88],"vitro,":[90],"expresses":[96],"high":[97],"levels":[98],"uPA.":[100],"vivo,":[102],"a":[103,169],"continuous":[104],"increase":[105],"uPA,":[107,146],"uPA-receptor":[108],"(uPAR),":[109],"MMP-2,":[110],"MMP-9":[112,150],"found":[115],"infiltration":[118,126],"zone.":[119],"located":[122],"exclusively":[123],"zone":[127],"vascular":[131],"basal":[132],"layers.":[133],"mean":[135],"23":[138],"days":[139],"after":[140],"implantation":[141],"3.2":[143],"mm3.":[144],"CONCLUSION:":[145],"uPAR,":[147],"MMP-2":[148],"play":[151],"an":[152],"important":[153],"role":[154],"growth.":[157],"Blockade":[158],"interruption":[162],"proteolytic":[165],"cascade":[166],"could":[167],"become":[168],"useful":[170],"tool":[171],"therapy":[174],"GBM.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
