{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2188687022","doi":null,"title":"BETA-CELL AUTOIMMUNITY AND ASSESSMENT OF THE RISK OF PROGRESSION TO TYPE 1 DIABETES","display_name":"BETA-CELL AUTOIMMUNITY AND ASSESSMENT OF THE RISK OF PROGRESSION TO TYPE 1 DIABETES","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2188687022","mag":"2188687022"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2188687022","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://herkules.oulu.fi/isbn9514256476/isbn9514256476.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057711139","display_name":"Petri Kulmala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2895-8563","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2895-8563"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Petri Kulmala","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2895-8563","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057711139"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11171","display_name":"Diabetes and associated disorders","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11171","display_name":"Diabetes and associated disorders","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10560","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-1-diabetes","display_name":"type 1 diabetes","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/islet-autoimmunity","display_name":"islet autoimmunity","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoantibodies","display_name":"autoantibodies","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/islet-cell-antibodies","display_name":"islet cell antibodies","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gad-antibodies","display_name":"glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ia-2-antibodies","display_name":"IA-2 autoantibodies","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-autoantibodies","display_name":"insulin autoantibodies","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hla-dqb1-0302","display_name":"HLA-DQB1*0302","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-progression-prediction","display_name":"disease progression prediction","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preclinical-autoimmunity","display_name":"preclinical autoimmunity","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beta-cell-function","display_name":"beta-cell function","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/first-phase-insulin-response","display_name":"first-phase insulin response","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elementary-school-students","display_name":"elementary school students","score":0.3479999899864197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163764329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q785022","display_name":"Autoantibody","level":3,"score":0.9221211075782776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781232474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124407","display_name":"Type 1 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.7072411775588989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780130043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192360","display_name":"Autoimmunity","level":3,"score":0.6567122340202332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.6341000199317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5794666409492493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188280979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911125","display_name":"Human leukocyte antigen","level":3,"score":0.5172165632247925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.485358864068985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.48045796155929565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.47197896242141724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4422059953212738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.425503134727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.30783718824386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147483822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103537","display_name":"Antigen","level":2,"score":0.23552486300468445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2188687022","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://herkules.oulu.fi/isbn9514256476/isbn9514256476.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9940000176429749,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":342,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W15529594","https://openalex.org/W73012796","https://openalex.org/W76992219","https://openalex.org/W79781926","https://openalex.org/W342493743","https://openalex.org/W1239502488","https://openalex.org/W1412051267","https://openalex.org/W1487612553","https://openalex.org/W1550829541","https://openalex.org/W1585286042","https://openalex.org/W1589474536","https://openalex.org/W1594503758","https://openalex.org/W1597266275","https://openalex.org/W1620880263","https://openalex.org/W1843921208","https://openalex.org/W1963682324","https://openalex.org/W1963910997","https://openalex.org/W1964297854","https://openalex.org/W1964761844","https://openalex.org/W1964890300","https://openalex.org/W1965552366","https://openalex.org/W1966198365","https://openalex.org/W1966280377","https://openalex.org/W1966670737","https://openalex.org/W1966696983","https://openalex.org/W1967675013","https://openalex.org/W1967744736","https://openalex.org/W1968354240","https://openalex.org/W1970897847","https://openalex.org/W1970934851","https://openalex.org/W1972179027","https://openalex.org/W1972953398","https://openalex.org/W1972966081","https://openalex.org/W1973200446","https://openalex.org/W1976059723","https://openalex.org/W1977962868","https://openalex.org/W1978916288","https://openalex.org/W1979300931","https://openalex.org/W1980774992","https://openalex.org/W1980931341","https://openalex.org/W1981009470","https://openalex.org/W1981273749","https://openalex.org/W1982689441","https://openalex.org/W1982899495","https://openalex.org/W1983206326","https://openalex.org/W1983536507","https://openalex.org/W1983815576","https://openalex.org/W1984025401","https://openalex.org/W1984100746","https://openalex.org/W1984553515","https://openalex.org/W1985888679","https://openalex.org/W1986052264","https://openalex.org/W1986530464","https://openalex.org/W1986699712","https://openalex.org/W1986730157","https://openalex.org/W1986854804","https://openalex.org/W1987525648","https://openalex.org/W1988042433","https://openalex.org/W1988461731","https://openalex.org/W1988606841","https://openalex.org/W1989966854","https://openalex.org/W1990305944","https://openalex.org/W1990811561","https://openalex.org/W1991454862","https://openalex.org/W1993147675","https://openalex.org/W1993249613","https://openalex.org/W1993482422","https://openalex.org/W1993565916","https://openalex.org/W1993696484","https://openalex.org/W1994532146","https://openalex.org/W1996412706","https://openalex.org/W1997222580","https://openalex.org/W1998116105","https://openalex.org/W1999025545","https://openalex.org/W2000671686","https://openalex.org/W2001532213","https://openalex.org/W2002300177","https://openalex.org/W2002305096","https://openalex.org/W2003001451","https://openalex.org/W2003010475","https://openalex.org/W2003720880","https://openalex.org/W2003782659","https://openalex.org/W2004256935","https://openalex.org/W2005016545","https://openalex.org/W2005290003","https://openalex.org/W2006203084","https://openalex.org/W2006898132","https://openalex.org/W2007341485","https://openalex.org/W2009205181","https://openalex.org/W2009596665","https://openalex.org/W2009802964","https://openalex.org/W2011658568","https://openalex.org/W2012514869","https://openalex.org/W2014063688","https://openalex.org/W2015450984","https://openalex.org/W2015941944","https://openalex.org/W2016099159","https://openalex.org/W2016201391","https://openalex.org/W2017506548","https://openalex.org/W2017695531","https://openalex.org/W2019400285","https://openalex.org/W2019483700","https://openalex.org/W2019612458","https://openalex.org/W2019661234","https://openalex.org/W2019833322","https://openalex.org/W2019930733","https://openalex.org/W2019972832","https://openalex.org/W2020360370","https://openalex.org/W2021043171","https://openalex.org/W2021951643","https://openalex.org/W2022108116","https://openalex.org/W2022259546","https://openalex.org/W2022270741","https://openalex.org/W2022615718","https://openalex.org/W2022742998","https://openalex.org/W2023181635","https://openalex.org/W2023516361","https://openalex.org/W2024571096","https://openalex.org/W2025352965","https://openalex.org/W2026569768","https://openalex.org/W2026889435","https://openalex.org/W2028008706","https://openalex.org/W2028067695","https://openalex.org/W2029115602","https://openalex.org/W2031503440","https://openalex.org/W2031602792","https://openalex.org/W2031781357","https://openalex.org/W2032073769","https://openalex.org/W2032329723","https://openalex.org/W2033258102","https://openalex.org/W2033820665","https://openalex.org/W2033980118","https://openalex.org/W2034408226","https://openalex.org/W2034665895","https://openalex.org/W2034957838","https://openalex.org/W2034990786","https://openalex.org/W2035321298","https://openalex.org/W2035388834","https://openalex.org/W2035965615","https://openalex.org/W2037020524","https://openalex.org/W2037324848","https://openalex.org/W2037518391","https://openalex.org/W2038432589","https://openalex.org/W2038816020","https://openalex.org/W2039005720","https://openalex.org/W2039743782","https://openalex.org/W2040011173","https://openalex.org/W2040251300","https://openalex.org/W2040437609","https://openalex.org/W2040494728","https://openalex.org/W2041009078","https://openalex.org/W2041285367","https://openalex.org/W2044253584","https://openalex.org/W2045508009","https://openalex.org/W2045511438","https://openalex.org/W2046624132","https://openalex.org/W2046806236","https://openalex.org/W2049884195","https://openalex.org/W2050044633","https://openalex.org/W2050201644","https://openalex.org/W2050275120","https://openalex.org/W2050339660","https://openalex.org/W2050664844","https://openalex.org/W2050842872","https://openalex.org/W2052089037","https://openalex.org/W2052260534","https://openalex.org/W2053330926","https://openalex.org/W2053351742","https://openalex.org/W2053592833","https://openalex.org/W2054158431","https://openalex.org/W2054981053","https://openalex.org/W2055478010","https://openalex.org/W2055482506","https://openalex.org/W2056170579","https://openalex.org/W2056302134","https://openalex.org/W2056767454","https://openalex.org/W2057023719","https://openalex.org/W2057544621","https://openalex.org/W2058831382","https://openalex.org/W2059704957","https://openalex.org/W2060746353","https://openalex.org/W2061658273","https://openalex.org/W2062299909","https://openalex.org/W2065233610","https://openalex.org/W2065736855","https://openalex.org/W2065939722","https://openalex.org/W2066951928","https://openalex.org/W2067048521","https://openalex.org/W2067097116","https://openalex.org/W2067630127","https://openalex.org/W2068392890","https://openalex.org/W2068694430","https://openalex.org/W2068845941","https://openalex.org/W2069020191","https://openalex.org/W2069150477","https://openalex.org/W2069846186","https://openalex.org/W2069996059","https://openalex.org/W2070413100","https://openalex.org/W2070972996","https://openalex.org/W2071030791","https://openalex.org/W2072081606","https://openalex.org/W2072547136","https://openalex.org/W2072652145","https://openalex.org/W2073392026","https://openalex.org/W2073594691","https://openalex.org/W2073688589","https://openalex.org/W2074121349","https://openalex.org/W2074169588","https://openalex.org/W2074737418","https://openalex.org/W2074845177","https://openalex.org/W2074891952","https://openalex.org/W2075789214","https://openalex.org/W2076295361","https://openalex.org/W2076963077","https://openalex.org/W2078073869","https://openalex.org/W2078165851","https://openalex.org/W2078563315","https://openalex.org/W2078839475","https://openalex.org/W2079024810","https://openalex.org/W2079350624","https://openalex.org/W2079384292","https://openalex.org/W2079627912","https://openalex.org/W2080043097","https://openalex.org/W2082509638","https://openalex.org/W2083478840","https://openalex.org/W2084071243","https://openalex.org/W2086959993","https://openalex.org/W2088227163","https://openalex.org/W2088350742","https://openalex.org/W2088364920","https://openalex.org/W2089491414","https://openalex.org/W2090123211","https://openalex.org/W2090441982","https://openalex.org/W2091933744","https://openalex.org/W2092246706","https://openalex.org/W2092251693","https://openalex.org/W2093842445","https://openalex.org/W2095161295","https://openalex.org/W2095260787","https://openalex.org/W2095438169","https://openalex.org/W2095783416","https://openalex.org/W2096595413","https://openalex.org/W2097480283","https://openalex.org/W2098221665","https://openalex.org/W2098298742","https://openalex.org/W2099935803","https://openalex.org/W2100233089","https://openalex.org/W2100852831","https://openalex.org/W2102348355","https://openalex.org/W2103638593","https://openalex.org/W2104151741","https://openalex.org/W2104258246","https://openalex.org/W2105084892","https://openalex.org/W2107679418","https://openalex.org/W2108423679","https://openalex.org/W2108841007","https://openalex.org/W2111625815","https://openalex.org/W2111704527","https://openalex.org/W2113093880","https://openalex.org/W2113887817","https://openalex.org/W2116315322","https://openalex.org/W2116599892","https://openalex.org/W2117940707","https://openalex.org/W2118262678","https://openalex.org/W2118857141","https://openalex.org/W2119495928","https://openalex.org/W2120816431","https://openalex.org/W2121166788","https://openalex.org/W2121257437","https://openalex.org/W2122194908","https://openalex.org/W2123164443","https://openalex.org/W2126193485","https://openalex.org/W2126619471","https://openalex.org/W2127591233","https://openalex.org/W2128718528","https://openalex.org/W2129134152","https://openalex.org/W2131488495","https://openalex.org/W2131492534","https://openalex.org/W2132768671","https://openalex.org/W2133131602","https://openalex.org/W2134895227","https://openalex.org/W2134909717","https://openalex.org/W2135525868","https://openalex.org/W2136601935","https://openalex.org/W2137059115","https://openalex.org/W2137946952","https://openalex.org/W2138321181","https://openalex.org/W2138937703","https://openalex.org/W2139835112","https://openalex.org/W2139984188","https://openalex.org/W2140042729","https://openalex.org/W2140283783","https://openalex.org/W2140655516","https://openalex.org/W2142275708","https://openalex.org/W2142505530","https://openalex.org/W2142796657","https://openalex.org/W2143450422","https://openalex.org/W2143958400","https://openalex.org/W2144990534","https://openalex.org/W2145658453","https://openalex.org/W2146006725","https://openalex.org/W2147738130","https://openalex.org/W2148096192","https://openalex.org/W2150121392","https://openalex.org/W2151475828","https://openalex.org/W2152634588","https://openalex.org/W2154100983","https://openalex.org/W2154652130","https://openalex.org/W2155309219","https://openalex.org/W2157809446","https://openalex.org/W2161412046","https://openalex.org/W2163155417","https://openalex.org/W2163626160","https://openalex.org/W2166099695","https://openalex.org/W2168924428","https://openalex.org/W2169062450","https://openalex.org/W2169591595","https://openalex.org/W2169739349","https://openalex.org/W2170684107","https://openalex.org/W2170946887","https://openalex.org/W2171213104","https://openalex.org/W2201616568","https://openalex.org/W2316713837","https://openalex.org/W2326904657","https://openalex.org/W2329498414","https://openalex.org/W2329872997","https://openalex.org/W2332910275","https://openalex.org/W2333251284","https://openalex.org/W2334639754","https://openalex.org/W2336773383","https://openalex.org/W2340453195","https://openalex.org/W2345903479","https://openalex.org/W2398094992","https://openalex.org/W2401471392","https://openalex.org/W2401657685","https://openalex.org/W2412952021","https://openalex.org/W2414935058","https://openalex.org/W2416570213","https://openalex.org/W2466359796","https://openalex.org/W2494061738","https://openalex.org/W2502543268","https://openalex.org/W3023739036"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2052751274","https://openalex.org/W2056767454","https://openalex.org/W2149398671","https://openalex.org/W2328584289","https://openalex.org/W1498745152","https://openalex.org/W2009147147","https://openalex.org/W2462056941","https://openalex.org/W6938952519","https://openalex.org/W2026801792","https://openalex.org/W2418098462"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,65,143,202,295],"purpose":[1],"of":[2,10,19,25,35,45,70,82,89,113,118,132,145,156,162,170,183,192,205,254,261,273,293,297,322,373,394,405,429,451,460,464,472,487,490,506],"this":[3],"work":[4],"was":[5,72,151,165,209,345],"to":[6,31,41,50,57,111,129,147,153,218,286,331,368,466,492],"assess":[7],"the":[8,17,43,80,116,130,137,141,154,160,184,190,200,222,229,252,255,259,266,332,336,395,398,409,449,461,485,488,500,504],"value":[9,69,114,505],"humoral":[11,237,262],"and":[12,40,47,55,67,79,85,104,159,187,236,258,301,312,315,326,335,351,378,403,432],"genetic":[13,51,83,185,231,508],"risk":[14,144,179,400,444,463,489,509],"markers":[15,84,186,431,510],"in":[16,23,38,61,74,87,115,122,136,140,211,251,270,303,320,424,448,496,511],"prediction":[18,117],"type":[20,28,58,119,133,148,206,274,369,453,467,475,493],"1":[21,29,59,120,134,149,207,275,370,454,468,476,494],"diabetes":[22,60,121,135,150,208,276,455,469,495],"siblings":[24,123,215,471],"children":[26,473],"with":[27,177,347,356,435,474],"diabetes,":[30,371],"characterise":[32],"preclinical":[33,203,452],"course":[34,204,450],"beta-cell":[36,53,234,241,263],"autoimmunity":[37,238,283],"siblings,":[39,78,425],"investigate":[42],"frequency":[44],"autoantibodies":[46,71,86,94,97,157,164,188,194,377,417,436,481],"their":[48,433],"relations":[49],"markers,":[52,232],"function":[54,235],"progression":[56,146,465,491],"a":[62,168,247,390,438],"schoolchild":[63,497],"population.":[64],"prevalence":[66],"predictive":[68,512],"studied":[73],"755":[75],"initially":[76,124,213],"unaffected":[77,214],"combination":[81,182,434],"701":[88],"these":[90,323],"siblings.":[91],"Islet":[92],"cell":[93],"(ICA),":[95],"insulin":[96,342],"(IAA),":[98],"glutamic":[99],"acid":[100],"decarboxylase":[101],"antibodies":[102,106,317,328],"(GADA)":[103],"IA-2":[105],"(IA-2A)":[107],"were":[108,174,226,308,318,329],"all":[109,193,244,372],"shown":[110],"be":[112,279],"tested":[125],"at":[126],"or":[127,358,363,412],"close":[128],"diagnosis":[131],"index":[138],"case":[139],"family.":[142],"related":[152,330],"number":[155],"detected,":[158],"PPV":[161],"multiple":[163,240,316,327,352,376],"55%":[166],"over":[167],"period":[169],"8":[171],"years.":[172],"Autoantibodies":[173],"closely":[175],"associated":[176,346],"HLA":[178],"markers.":[180],"A":[181,339],"increased":[189],"PPVs":[191],"substantially":[195],"but":[196,354],"also":[197,389],"markedly":[198],"reduced":[199,340,391],"sensitivity.":[201],"investigated":[210],"39":[212],"who":[216,381],"progressed":[217,367],"clinical":[219,271,287],"disease":[220,256,288],"during":[221],"follow-up.":[223],"These":[224],"individuals":[225],"characterised":[227],"by":[228],"high-risk":[230],"decreased":[233],"against":[239],"targets.":[242],"However,":[243],"measures":[245],"implied":[246],"remarkable":[248],"individual":[249,462],"variation":[250],"rate":[253],"process":[257,268],"pattern":[260],"autoimmunity.":[264],"Furthermore,":[265],"autoimmune":[267],"resulting":[269],"presentation":[272],"could":[277],"not":[278,284,355],"unambiguously":[280],"distinguished":[281],"from":[282],"leading":[285],"within":[289],"almost":[290],"10":[291],"years":[292],"followup.":[294],"frequencies":[296],"ICA,":[298],"IA-2A,":[299],"GADA":[300,325],"IAA":[302,350],"3652":[304],"healthy":[305],"Finnish":[306],"schoolchildren":[307],"2.8%,":[309],"0.6%,":[310],"0.5%":[311],"0.9%,":[313],"respectively,":[314],"detected":[319],"0.6%":[321],"children.":[324],"DQB1*0302":[333,401],"allele":[334,362,402],"DQB1*02/0302":[337],"genotype.":[338,364],"first-phase":[341],"reponse":[343],"(FPIR)":[344],"IA2A,":[348],"GADA,":[349],"antibodies,":[353],"ICA":[357],"any":[359],"specific":[360],"DQB1":[361],"Four":[365],"subjects":[366],"them":[374,406],"having":[375],"those":[379],"two":[380,404],"underwent":[382],"an":[383,457],"intravenous":[384],"glucose":[385],"tolerance":[386],"test":[387],"had":[388],"FPIR.":[392],"None":[393],"progressors":[396],"carried":[397,408],"high":[399],"even":[407],"protective":[410],"DQB1*0602":[411],"*0603":[413],"allele.":[414],"In":[415],"conclusion,":[416],"alone":[418],"are":[419],"recommended":[420,483],"as":[421],"first-line":[422],"screening":[423,479],"whereas":[426,499],"subsequent":[427],"determination":[428],"HLA-DQB1":[430],"provides":[437],"valuable":[439],"tool":[440],"for":[441,480,484],"more":[442],"precise":[443],"assessment.":[445],"Wide":[446],"heterogeneity":[447],"complicates":[456],"accurate":[458],"estimation":[459],"among":[470],"diabetes.":[477],"Combined":[478],"is":[482],"assessment":[486],"populations,":[498],"present":[501],"observations":[502],"challenge":[503],"current":[507],"strategies":[513],"targeting":[514],"schoolchildren.":[515]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}