{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2188187491","doi":null,"title":"Microglial Abnormalities in the Pathophysiology of","display_name":"Microglial Abnormalities in the Pathophysiology of","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2188187491","mag":"2188187491"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2188187491","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.jscimedcentral.com/NeurologicalDisorders/neurologicaldisorders-spid-neuropsychiatric-disorders-microglia-1059.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082711362","display_name":"Schizophrenia Monji","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Schizophrenia Monji","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069412415","display_name":"Yoshito Mizoguchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9474-0119","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9474-0119"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoshito Mizoguchi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9474-0119","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035087249","display_name":"Takahiro A. Kato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5169-2930","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5169-2930","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8343-8037"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takahiro A. Kato","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5169-2930","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.17650936,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11266","display_name":"Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms","score":0.8550000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11266","display_name":"Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms","score":0.8550000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11337","display_name":"Tryptophan and brain disorders","score":0.10970000177621841,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2803","display_name":"Biological Psychiatry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10023","display_name":"Schizophrenia research and treatment","score":0.021299999207258224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schizophrenia","display_name":"schizophrenia","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microglia","display_name":"microglia","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroinflammation","display_name":"neuroinflammation","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microglial-activation","display_name":"microglial activation","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antipsychotic-drugs","display_name":"antipsychotic drugs","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pro-inflammatory-cytokines","display_name":"inflammatory cytokines","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-radicals","display_name":"free radicals","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synaptic-pathology","display_name":"synaptic pathology","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurogenesis","display_name":"neurogenesis","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-matter-abnormalities","display_name":"white matter abnormalities","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synaptogenesis","display_name":"synaptogenesis","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phagocytosis","display_name":"phagocytosis","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-development","display_name":"brain development","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innate-immunity","display_name":"innate immunity","score":0.7409999966621399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779830541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1622829","display_name":"Microglia","level":3,"score":0.8858069181442261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87753298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17157137","display_name":"Neuroinflammation","level":3,"score":0.8578636646270752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.7401833534240723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776412080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431605","display_name":"Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming)","level":2,"score":0.6647390723228455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780130745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1650750","display_name":"Neuropathology","level":3,"score":0.6520242094993591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4746552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1456827","display_name":"Neurogenesis","level":2,"score":0.45348992943763733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136449434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428253","display_name":"Innate immune system","level":3,"score":0.4185722768306732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3740321397781372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.3404892683029175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3360558748245239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.2643324136734009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.2396060824394226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.21550676226615906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.19254973530769348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.13601475954055786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2188187491","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.jscimedcentral.com/NeurologicalDisorders/neurologicaldisorders-spid-neuropsychiatric-disorders-microglia-1059.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9763000011444092}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":165,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W175813982","https://openalex.org/W183484377","https://openalex.org/W1498689470","https://openalex.org/W1542136448","https://openalex.org/W1597677460","https://openalex.org/W1805879606","https://openalex.org/W1958264819","https://openalex.org/W1963694233","https://openalex.org/W1964041350","https://openalex.org/W1964447157","https://openalex.org/W1965339644","https://openalex.org/W1965924432","https://openalex.org/W1966745801","https://openalex.org/W1967720787","https://openalex.org/W1968430210","https://openalex.org/W1968763887","https://openalex.org/W1969516074","https://openalex.org/W1969768363","https://openalex.org/W1973429276","https://openalex.org/W1975952150","https://openalex.org/W1977295994","https://openalex.org/W1977576092","https://openalex.org/W1978238793","https://openalex.org/W1979743168","https://openalex.org/W1980615545","https://openalex.org/W1984882838","https://openalex.org/W1985316884","https://openalex.org/W1987309264","https://openalex.org/W1988404229","https://openalex.org/W1990806594","https://openalex.org/W1990946853","https://openalex.org/W1991009748","https://openalex.org/W1991512733","https://openalex.org/W1995223777","https://openalex.org/W1995538780","https://openalex.org/W1999692166","https://openalex.org/W2003869950","https://openalex.org/W2007017585","https://openalex.org/W2008170190","https://openalex.org/W2009405599","https://openalex.org/W2010758493","https://openalex.org/W2011254304","https://openalex.org/W2012520574","https://openalex.org/W2013033378","https://openalex.org/W2013726744","https://openalex.org/W2018487237","https://openalex.org/W2018922612","https://openalex.org/W2019721280","https://openalex.org/W2020478383","https://openalex.org/W2021466428","https://openalex.org/W2021497304","https://openalex.org/W2024908874","https://openalex.org/W2026408490","https://openalex.org/W2027018469","https://openalex.org/W2028249314","https://openalex.org/W2030396834","https://openalex.org/W2030765669","https://openalex.org/W2030985732","https://openalex.org/W2031796374","https://openalex.org/W2032804593","https://openalex.org/W2035245239","https://openalex.org/W2035713221","https://openalex.org/W2035859458","https://openalex.org/W2036194983","https://openalex.org/W2037938322","https://openalex.org/W2040268226","https://openalex.org/W2040789766","https://openalex.org/W2040971572","https://openalex.org/W2041068600","https://openalex.org/W2041806676","https://openalex.org/W2041899662","https://openalex.org/W2042755650","https://openalex.org/W2044201229","https://openalex.org/W2045761141","https://openalex.org/W2047018944","https://openalex.org/W2047570180","https://openalex.org/W2047797335","https://openalex.org/W2048776176","https://openalex.org/W2049803576","https://openalex.org/W2049854720","https://openalex.org/W2049973822","https://openalex.org/W2052495644","https://openalex.org/W2052963268","https://openalex.org/W2053195641","https://openalex.org/W2054020202","https://openalex.org/W2054552572","https://openalex.org/W2057476473","https://openalex.org/W2058945055","https://openalex.org/W2059586821","https://openalex.org/W2060915232","https://openalex.org/W2061902128","https://openalex.org/W2062773180","https://openalex.org/W2063030262","https://openalex.org/W2066027939","https://openalex.org/W2066738717","https://openalex.org/W2067511815","https://openalex.org/W2068397482","https://openalex.org/W2068606413","https://openalex.org/W2069153421","https://openalex.org/W2069782517","https://openalex.org/W2071980369","https://openalex.org/W2072096009","https://openalex.org/W2072102207","https://openalex.org/W2072328883","https://openalex.org/W2079830730","https://openalex.org/W2082535880","https://openalex.org/W2083300478","https://openalex.org/W2084588595","https://openalex.org/W2085202176","https://openalex.org/W2087146795","https://openalex.org/W2089224748","https://openalex.org/W2090028614","https://openalex.org/W2090333719","https://openalex.org/W2091575312","https://openalex.org/W2092534691","https://openalex.org/W2092780744","https://openalex.org/W2093694387","https://openalex.org/W2094469502","https://openalex.org/W2094662646","https://openalex.org/W2095547457","https://openalex.org/W2103645895","https://openalex.org/W2108598556","https://openalex.org/W2108721498","https://openalex.org/W2114999955","https://openalex.org/W2115887130","https://openalex.org/W2119130825","https://openalex.org/W2123130757","https://openalex.org/W2123637837","https://openalex.org/W2127205775","https://openalex.org/W2129852804","https://openalex.org/W2130372506","https://openalex.org/W2130907754","https://openalex.org/W2131564374","https://openalex.org/W2132867079","https://openalex.org/W2132951361","https://openalex.org/W2133748952","https://openalex.org/W2134333739","https://openalex.org/W2136801447","https://openalex.org/W2138657370","https://openalex.org/W2142659926","https://openalex.org/W2142892083","https://openalex.org/W2143210066","https://openalex.org/W2145240519","https://openalex.org/W2146752498","https://openalex.org/W2147736098","https://openalex.org/W2147909291","https://openalex.org/W2151283331","https://openalex.org/W2151400960","https://openalex.org/W2152325004","https://openalex.org/W2153053291","https://openalex.org/W2155026341","https://openalex.org/W2155115959","https://openalex.org/W2156015873","https://openalex.org/W2157921902","https://openalex.org/W2159857276","https://openalex.org/W2160438215","https://openalex.org/W2161548283","https://openalex.org/W2161900528","https://openalex.org/W2162460585","https://openalex.org/W2162596872","https://openalex.org/W2163759450","https://openalex.org/W2167259420","https://openalex.org/W2169079754","https://openalex.org/W2170561948","https://openalex.org/W2415075371"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2018838561","https://openalex.org/W1972578501","https://openalex.org/W58030300","https://openalex.org/W4392515025","https://openalex.org/W1897415252","https://openalex.org/W4393088065","https://openalex.org/W3175549782","https://openalex.org/W4321109299","https://openalex.org/W4386308744","https://openalex.org/W2472974431"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"etiology":[1],"of":[2,12,31,87,93,103,127,140,168,180],"schizophrenia":[3,13,68,169],"remains":[4],"unclear":[5],"while,":[6],"in":[7,34,44,67,73,116,124,142],"many":[8],"aspects,":[9],"the":[10,28,35,45,84,91,111,125,165,176,190],"neuropathology":[11],"has":[14],"recently":[15,82,106],"been":[16,107],"reported":[17],"to":[18,39,50,109,175],"be":[19],"closely":[20,173],"associated":[21],"with":[22,129,149],"microglia":[23,141,159],"dysfunction.":[24],"Microglia,":[25],"which":[26,104],"are":[27,164,172],"major":[29],"players":[30],"innate":[32],"immunity":[33],"CNS,":[36],"respond":[37],"rapidly":[38],"even":[40],"minor":[41],"pathological":[42],"changes":[43],"brain":[46],"and":[47,57,78,96,118,151,161,178],"contribute":[48],"directly":[49],"neuroinflammation":[51,163],"by":[52,146],"producing":[53],"various":[54],"pro-inflammatory":[55],"cytokines":[56,95],"free":[58,97],"radicals.":[59],"Recent":[60],"human":[61],"studies":[62],"have":[63,81,105],"revealed":[64],"microglial":[65,183],"activation":[66],"using":[69],"postmortem":[70],"brains":[71,126],"or":[72],"vivo":[74],"neuroimaging":[75],"techniques.":[76],"We":[77],"other":[79],"researchers":[80],"shown":[83],"inhibitory":[85],"effects":[86],"some":[88],"antipsychotics":[89],"on":[90,189],"release":[92],"inflammatory":[94],"radicals":[98],"from":[99],"activated":[100],"microglia,":[101],"both":[102],"known":[108,157],"cause":[110,167],"synaptic":[112],"pathology,":[113],"a":[114,137],"decrease":[115],"neurogenesis,":[117],"white":[119],"matter":[120],"abnormalities":[121],"often":[122],"found":[123],"patients":[128],"schizophrenia.":[130,181,194],"In":[131],"addition,":[132],"recent":[133],"evidence":[134],"strongly":[135],"suggests":[136],"neurodevelopmental":[138],"role":[139],"regulating":[143],"synapse":[144],"formation/function":[145],"their":[147],"interaction":[148],"synapses":[150],"phagocytotic":[152],"activity.":[153],"It":[154],"is":[155],"not":[156],"whether":[158],"dysfunction":[160],"microglia-orchestrated":[162],"primary":[166],"but":[170],"they":[171],"related":[174],"progression":[177],"outcomes":[179],"Understanding":[182],"pathology":[184],"may":[185],"shed":[186],"new":[187],"light":[188],"therapeutic":[191],"strategies":[192],"for":[193]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-24T07:57:37.273135","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}