{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2186599032","doi":null,"title":"WATER REQUIREMENTS OF LIVESTOCK","display_name":"WATER REQUIREMENTS OF LIVESTOCK","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2186599032","mag":"2186599032"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.557.5795","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.557.5795","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/engineer/facts/07-023.pdf","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102984796","display_name":"David C. Ward","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2380-4813","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2380-4813","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2705-408X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David C. Ward","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2380-4813","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kevin McKague","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2137-2503","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2137-2503"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin McKague","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2137-2503","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0427,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79613357,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14499","display_name":"Livestock Farming and Management","score":0.3416000008583069,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14499","display_name":"Livestock Farming and Management","score":0.3416000008583069,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10098","display_name":"Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology","score":0.3052000105381012,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12365","display_name":"Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock","score":0.2425999939441681,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drinking-water-intake","display_name":"drinking water consumption","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dairy-cows","display_name":"dairy cattle","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-metering","display_name":"water metering","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-quality","display_name":"water quality","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feed-moisture-content","display_name":"feed moisture content","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lactating-dairy-cows","display_name":"lactating dairy cows","score":0.8230000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112964050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103459","display_name":"Livestock","level":2,"score":0.6973636150360107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.45261436700820923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91375879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274","display_name":"Environmental planning","level":1,"score":0.3737916648387909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.3718409538269043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.33476531505584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3273685872554779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38112","display_name":"Forestry","level":1,"score":0.13888776302337646}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.557.5795","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.557.5795","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/engineer/facts/07-023.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2186599032","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://omaf.gov.on.ca/english/engineer/facts/07-023.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.9208999872207642}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1568426058","https://openalex.org/W2055856166","https://openalex.org/W2308244893"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7098471412","https://openalex.org/W4206144493","https://openalex.org/W801522772","https://openalex.org/W7100253650","https://openalex.org/W7037292902","https://openalex.org/W4410215028","https://openalex.org/W60368275","https://openalex.org/W2566227356","https://openalex.org/W1971938715","https://openalex.org/W2005487776"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Providing":[0],"enough":[1],"quality":[2,105,210],"water":[3,52,74,125,148,153,174,211,227,232,260,274,288],"is":[4,22,42,178,199,215],"essential":[5],"for":[6,24,212],"good":[7],"livestock":[8,39,47,55],"husbandry.":[9],"Water":[10],"makes":[11],"up":[12],"80":[13],"%":[14,204],"of":[15,35,54,93,101,106,127,146,173,201,209,234,267,280,290,297],"the":[16,33,91,107,128,144,182,186,246,265,286],"blood,":[17],"regulates":[18],"body":[19],"temperature":[20,254],"and":[21,32,64,83,90,113,117,158,248,255,283],"vital":[23],"organ":[25],"functions":[26],"such":[27,251],"as":[28,252],"digestion,":[29],"waste":[30],"removal":[31],"absorption":[34],"nutrients.":[36],"Understanding":[37],"daily":[38,51,73],"watering":[40,48,184],"needs":[41,154],"key":[43],"when":[44],"designing":[45],"a":[46,69,138,291],"system.":[49],"The":[50,61,104,124,231,257],"requirement":[53],"varies":[56],"significantly":[57],"among":[58],"animal":[59,94,282],"species.":[60],"animal\u2019s":[62,129],"size":[63],"growth":[65,278],"stage":[66,279],"will":[67,119,131],"have":[68,121],"strong":[70],"influence":[71,132],"on":[72],"intake.":[75,270],"Consumption":[76],"rates":[77],"can":[78,188],"be":[79,189],"affected":[80],"by":[81,276,294],"environmental":[82,249],"management":[84],"factors.":[85,103],"Air":[86],"temperature,":[87,111],"relative":[88],"humidity":[89],"level":[92,98,296],"exertion":[95],"or":[96],"production":[97],"are":[99,155,163,237],"examples":[100],"these":[102],"water,":[108],"which":[109],"includes":[110],"salinity":[112],"impurities":[114],"affecting":[115],"taste":[116],"odour,":[118],"also":[120],"an":[122],"effect.":[123],"content":[126,142,244],"diet":[130],"its":[133,295],"drinking":[134,147,152],"habits.":[135],"Feed":[136],"with":[137,222],"relatively":[139],"high":[140],"moisture":[141,243],"decreases":[143],"quantity":[145],"required.":[149],"Given":[150],"that":[151],"species-,":[156],"farm-":[157],"management-specific,":[159],"many":[160],"producers":[161],"today":[162],"opting":[164],"to":[165,169,191,225,240],"install":[166],"water-metering":[167],"equipment":[168],"obtain":[170],"accurate":[171],"measurements":[172],"use.":[175],"If":[176],"medication":[177],"ever":[179],"provided":[180],"through":[181],"livestock\u2019s":[183],"system,":[185],"meter":[187],"used":[190],"ensure":[192],"proper":[193],"dose":[194],"rates.":[195],"DAIRY":[196],"CATTLE":[197],"Milk":[198],"composed":[200],"nearly":[202],"87":[203],"water.":[205],"An":[206],"adequate":[207],"supply":[208],"dairy":[213,281],"cattle":[214],"extremely":[216],"important.":[217],"Farmers":[218],"typically":[219],"provide":[220],"cows":[221,236],"free":[223],"access":[224],"fresh":[226],"at":[228],"all":[229],"times.":[230],"requirements":[233],"lactating":[235],"closely":[238],"related":[239],"milk":[241,298],"production,":[242],"in":[245],"feed":[247,269],"factors":[250],"air":[253],"humidity.":[256],"cow\u2019s":[258],"peak":[259],"intake":[261],"generally":[262],"occurs":[263],"during":[264],"hours":[266],"greatest":[268],"Table":[271],"1":[272],"identifies":[273],"use":[275],"major":[277],"breaks":[284],"down":[285],"estimated":[287],"consumption":[289],"milking":[292],"cow":[293],"production.":[299]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
