{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2186379596","doi":null,"title":"Oral Tolerability of Cysteine-Rich Whey Protein Isolate in Autism-A Pilot Study","display_name":"Oral Tolerability of Cysteine-Rich Whey Protein Isolate in Autism-A Pilot Study","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2186379596","mag":"2186379596"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2186379596","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.nutritionadvisor.com/AUTISM-Immunocal%20Oral%20Tolerability%20of%20cysteine-Rich%20whey%20Protein%20Isolate%20in%20Autism%20-%20A%20Pilot%20study.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056504100","display_name":"Janet K. Kern","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0556-0384","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0556-0384"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Janet K. Kern","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086299761","display_name":"Bruce D. Grannemann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6888-7590","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6888-7590"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruce D. Grannemann","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6888-7590","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053685709","display_name":"Jimmy B.L. Gutman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4952-1064","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4952-1064"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jimmy Gutman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081426855","display_name":"Madhukar H. Trivedi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2983-1110","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2983-1110"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Madhukar H. Trivedi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2983-1110","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13393","display_name":"Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues","score":0.5429999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13393","display_name":"Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues","score":0.5429999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10106","display_name":"Autism Spectrum Disorder Research","score":0.42800000309944153,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10915","display_name":"Trace Elements in Health","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autism-spectrum-disorder","display_name":"autism spectrum disorder","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supplement-safety","display_name":"supplement safety","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glutathione","display_name":"glutathione","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-stress","display_name":"oxidative stress","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sulfur-containing-amino-acids","display_name":"sulfur-containing amino acids","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gastrointestinal-side-effects","display_name":"gastrointestinal adverse effects","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children","display_name":"children","score":0.41499999165534973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205778803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38404","display_name":"Autism","level":2,"score":0.9340731501579285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778375690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7814214","display_name":"Tolerability","level":3,"score":0.90120530128479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27081682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269829","display_name":"Placebo","level":3,"score":0.5718111991882324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5263182520866394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898814","display_name":"Oxidative stress","level":2,"score":0.5134474039077759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778538070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436063","display_name":"Autism spectrum disorder","level":3,"score":0.46890532970428467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C538909803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q116907","display_name":"Glutathione","level":3,"score":0.43615832924842834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.43095988035202026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.34152907133102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.3205375075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2886599898338318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197934379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2047938","display_name":"Adverse effect","level":2,"score":0.2806292772293091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.17242848873138428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.11840805411338806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.10664069652557373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0966758131980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.08308461308479309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2186379596","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.nutritionadvisor.com/AUTISM-Immunocal%20Oral%20Tolerability%20of%20cysteine-Rich%20whey%20Protein%20Isolate%20in%20Autism%20-%20A%20Pilot%20study.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Clinical Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W70143757","https://openalex.org/W178297262","https://openalex.org/W230896827","https://openalex.org/W284648822","https://openalex.org/W384863521","https://openalex.org/W1498623179","https://openalex.org/W1975835742","https://openalex.org/W1988258042","https://openalex.org/W2002060415","https://openalex.org/W2003475184","https://openalex.org/W2008962555","https://openalex.org/W2031756259","https://openalex.org/W2040305564","https://openalex.org/W2042132915","https://openalex.org/W2042903186","https://openalex.org/W2060923459","https://openalex.org/W2073658384","https://openalex.org/W2074150633","https://openalex.org/W2080823799","https://openalex.org/W2081035340","https://openalex.org/W2083803328","https://openalex.org/W2093575302","https://openalex.org/W2107114116","https://openalex.org/W2112109116","https://openalex.org/W2114038822","https://openalex.org/W2126462614","https://openalex.org/W2140498299","https://openalex.org/W2159662008","https://openalex.org/W2166060488","https://openalex.org/W2204357889","https://openalex.org/W2297198811","https://openalex.org/W2405894049"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3201795934","https://openalex.org/W4412085499","https://openalex.org/W4406498827","https://openalex.org/W2980335158","https://openalex.org/W4388694481","https://openalex.org/W2021914815","https://openalex.org/W2437871075","https://openalex.org/W2910432094","https://openalex.org/W6601202","https://openalex.org/W2611395449"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose:":[0],"To":[1,85],"examine":[2],"the":[3,93,121,125,128,168,212],"tolerability":[4],"of":[5,27,80,98,120,166,186,193],"non-denatured":[6],"whey":[7],"protein":[8],"isolate":[9],"(NWPI)":[10],"in":[11,21,48,207,224],"children":[12,16,49,70,123,136,187],"with":[13,17,50,71,82,188],"autism.":[14],"Many":[15],"autism":[18,51,72,74,189],"are":[19,218],"low":[20],"glutathione":[22,33,226],"and":[23,35,56,96,110,116,131,151,205],"have":[24],"higher":[25],"levels":[26,34],"oxidative":[28,37],"stress.":[29,38],"NWPI":[30,44,83,175],"can":[31,176],"raise":[32],"reduce":[36],"However,":[39],"anecdotal":[40],"reports":[41],"suggest":[42],"that":[43,91,174,198],"may":[45],"be":[46,177],"problematic":[47],"because":[52],"it":[53,133],"contains":[54],"cysteine":[55],"other":[57],"sulfurated":[58],"amino":[59],"acids.":[60],"Methods:":[61],"A":[62],"6-week":[63],"open-label":[64],"trial":[65,130],"was":[66],"conducted,":[67],"supplementing":[68],"10":[69],"or":[73],"spectrum":[75],"disorder":[76],"(ASD),":[77],"3-15":[78],"years":[79],"age,":[81],"(Immunocal\u00ae).":[84],"measure":[86],"possible":[87,143],"side":[88,99,144,194],"effects,":[89,100,195],"procedures":[90],"examined":[92],"frequency,":[94],"intensity,":[95],"types":[97],"as":[101,103,179],"well":[102],"behavioral":[104],"measures,":[105],"were":[106],"completed":[107],"at":[108,111],"baseline,":[109],"days":[112],"3,":[113],"14,":[114],"30,":[115],"45.":[117],"Results:":[118],"Seven":[119],"ten":[122],"took":[124],"supplement":[126,181],"over":[127],"six-week":[129],"tolerated":[132],"well.":[134],"Two":[135],"discontinued":[137,162],"after":[138],"two":[139],"weeks":[140],"due":[141,147,153,163],"to":[142,148,154,158,164,201,220],"effects:":[145],"one":[146,152],"gastrointestinal":[149],"disturbance":[150],"being":[155],"less":[156],"responsive":[157],"parents.":[159],"Another":[160],"child":[161],"difficulty":[165],"administering":[167],"product.":[169],"Conclusion:":[170],"This":[171],"study":[172],"suggests":[173],"used":[178],"a":[180],"for":[182],"this":[183],"small":[184],"population":[185],"without":[190],"high":[191],"rates":[192],"which":[196],"means":[197],"further":[199],"studies":[200,217],"determine":[202,221],"its":[203,222],"safety":[204],"efficacy":[206,223],"larger":[208],"populations":[209],"might":[210],"yield":[211],"same":[213],"promising":[214],"result.":[215],"Larger":[216],"planned":[219],"raising":[225],"levels.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}