{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2186199547","doi":null,"title":"Federal government failure in Canada","display_name":"Federal government failure in Canada","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2186199547","mag":"2186199547"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2186199547","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2348195","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2348195","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049389486","display_name":"Charles Lammam","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles Lammam","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hugh MacIntyre","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hugh MacIntyre","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007225953","display_name":"Jason Clemens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0857-5581","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0857-5581"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason Clemens","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0857-5581","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037049750","display_name":"Milagros Palacios","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Milagros Palacios","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035673778","display_name":"Niels Veldhuis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Niels Veldhuis","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10213","display_name":"Public Policy and Administration Research","score":0.7324000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10213","display_name":"Public Policy and Administration Research","score":0.7324000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13988","display_name":"Public Administration and Governance","score":0.09610000252723694,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13042","display_name":"Economic and Fiscal Studies","score":0.07100000232458115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government-failure","display_name":"government failure","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/federal-government","display_name":"federal government","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-choice-theory","display_name":"public choice theory","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-effectiveness","display_name":"program effectiveness","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-design","display_name":"program design","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-delivery","display_name":"program delivery","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limits-of-state-power","display_name":"limits of state power","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canadian-federalism","display_name":"Canadian federalism","score":0.8130000233650208}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.7522842288017273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199521495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181487","display_name":"Audit","level":2,"score":0.7081812620162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201024713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38427","display_name":"Government failure","level":3,"score":0.5712759494781494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.42701494693756104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.42067116498947144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41282006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830689","display_name":"Auditor's report","level":3,"score":0.4135814607143402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3972170948982239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3817718029022217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178283979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274490","display_name":"Public finance","level":2,"score":0.221317321062088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.13836807012557983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2186199547","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2348195","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:2186199547","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2348195","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.8046000003814697}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":85,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W21841669","https://openalex.org/W50185678","https://openalex.org/W170486074","https://openalex.org/W382027559","https://openalex.org/W431748062","https://openalex.org/W569755614","https://openalex.org/W599576305","https://openalex.org/W607548109","https://openalex.org/W657378335","https://openalex.org/W1504727943","https://openalex.org/W1509310665","https://openalex.org/W1534950121","https://openalex.org/W1537696840","https://openalex.org/W1553219336","https://openalex.org/W1566344170","https://openalex.org/W1574089532","https://openalex.org/W1579783522","https://openalex.org/W1585829735","https://openalex.org/W1647702465","https://openalex.org/W1969701836","https://openalex.org/W1970924593","https://openalex.org/W1977825494","https://openalex.org/W1979984511","https://openalex.org/W1982156586","https://openalex.org/W1982375873","https://openalex.org/W1990780736","https://openalex.org/W1992587883","https://openalex.org/W2001709602","https://openalex.org/W2002395141","https://openalex.org/W2006435537","https://openalex.org/W2007180942","https://openalex.org/W2015930340","https://openalex.org/W2017099368","https://openalex.org/W2018706909","https://openalex.org/W2020941269","https://openalex.org/W2023027451","https://openalex.org/W2025130953","https://openalex.org/W2035569952","https://openalex.org/W2036910311","https://openalex.org/W2037251566","https://openalex.org/W2044035677","https://openalex.org/W2051104370","https://openalex.org/W2055836625","https://openalex.org/W2059802982","https://openalex.org/W2066979365","https://openalex.org/W2068662554","https://openalex.org/W2072480436","https://openalex.org/W2079871354","https://openalex.org/W2084346988","https://openalex.org/W2092793969","https://openalex.org/W2107577350","https://openalex.org/W2109417569","https://openalex.org/W2111647971","https://openalex.org/W2124442118","https://openalex.org/W2127748403","https://openalex.org/W2131740028","https://openalex.org/W2134064399","https://openalex.org/W2134480024","https://openalex.org/W2167691119","https://openalex.org/W2189323448","https://openalex.org/W2244171439","https://openalex.org/W2281385583","https://openalex.org/W2293755426","https://openalex.org/W2316446527","https://openalex.org/W2321040791","https://openalex.org/W2326850210","https://openalex.org/W2329714600","https://openalex.org/W2331596087","https://openalex.org/W2503740965","https://openalex.org/W2576670263","https://openalex.org/W2889706060","https://openalex.org/W2890048301","https://openalex.org/W2992576855","https://openalex.org/W3003883137","https://openalex.org/W3081949511","https://openalex.org/W3122082991","https://openalex.org/W3122684442","https://openalex.org/W3124386288","https://openalex.org/W3124920541","https://openalex.org/W3125077677","https://openalex.org/W3133967989","https://openalex.org/W3140767104","https://openalex.org/W3151173677","https://openalex.org/W3158666512","https://openalex.org/W4235876223"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2244171439","https://openalex.org/W50185678","https://openalex.org/W4416991833","https://openalex.org/W2005207953","https://openalex.org/W7034733649","https://openalex.org/W4416349658","https://openalex.org/W2063805847","https://openalex.org/W2009285201","https://openalex.org/W2988378020","https://openalex.org/W4409223906"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"discussion":[1],"of":[2,5,43,47,54,59,70,74,83,86,97,100,114,125,140,161],"the":[3,41,44,55,68,71,115,123,137,159,175],"limitations":[4],"government":[6,9,61,88,101,128],"and":[7,27,57,121,189],"subsequent":[8],"failure":[10,62,89,102,129,134],"is":[11,33,36,130,146,153],"wholly":[12],"absent":[13],"from":[14,112],"debate":[15],"in":[16,40,63,105,185],"Canada":[17,75],"where,":[18],"unfortunately,":[19],"we":[20],"still":[21],"assume":[22],"that":[23,90],"governments":[24],"act":[25],"benevolently":[26],"without":[28],"institutional":[29],"constraints.":[30],"That":[31],"this":[32,106,126],"not":[34],"true":[35],"plain":[37],"to":[38,135,179],"see":[39],"pages":[42],"Auditor":[45,72,77,116,176],"General":[46,73,117,177],"Canada\u2019s":[48],"reports,":[49],"which":[50,156],"provide":[51],"concrete":[52],"evidence":[53],"existence":[56],"extent":[58],"federal":[60,87],"Canada.The":[64],"reports":[65,113,178],"issued":[66],"by":[67],"Office":[69],"(hereafter,":[76],"General)":[78],"are":[79,103],"an":[80],"excellent":[81],"source":[82],"tangible":[84],"examples":[85],"illustrate":[91],"Public":[92],"Choice":[93],"theory.":[94],"A":[95],"total":[96],"614":[98],"instances":[99],"included":[104],"volume.":[107],"All":[108],"cases":[109],"were":[110,183],"derived":[111],"published":[118],"between":[119],"1988":[120],"2013.For":[122],"purposes":[124],"study,":[127],"defined":[131],"as":[132],"a":[133,141,147,162],"achieve":[136],"stated":[138],"goal(s)":[139],"program":[142,163,186],"or":[143,164],"initiative.":[144,165],"It":[145],"more":[148],"narrow":[149],"definition":[150],"than":[151],"what":[152],"commonly":[154],"used,":[155],"includes":[157],"evaluating":[158],"efficacy":[160],"This":[166],"study":[167],"undertakes":[168],"no":[169],"such":[170],"evaluation":[171],"but":[172],"simply":[173],"uses":[174],"determine":[180],"whether":[181],"there":[182],"problems":[184],"design,":[187],"delivery,":[188],"effectiveness.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}