{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2185692201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139795340.009","title":"The 1990s","display_name":"The 1990s","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-04-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2185692201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139795340.009","mag":"2185692201"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9781139795340.009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139795340.009","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139795340.009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Creating Global Opportunities","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2191277514","display_name":"Creating Global Opportunities"},"type":"book-chapter","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013405398","display_name":"Chris Jephson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184886455","display_name":"Maersk (Denmark)","ror":"https://ror.org/046gbzb64","country_code":"DK","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184886455"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chris Jephson","raw_affiliation_strings":["A. P. Moller-Maersk"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"A. P. Moller-Maersk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184886455"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018340034","display_name":"Henning Morgen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184886455","display_name":"Maersk (Denmark)","ror":"https://ror.org/046gbzb64","country_code":"DK","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184886455"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henning Morgen","raw_affiliation_strings":["A. P. Moller-Maersk"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"A. P. Moller-Maersk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184886455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184886455"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"188","last_page":"219"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11223","display_name":"Maritime Ports and Logistics","score":0.8515999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11223","display_name":"Maritime Ports and Logistics","score":0.8515999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12984","display_name":"Transport and Logistics Innovations","score":0.04569999873638153,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13151","display_name":"Business Strategies and Innovation","score":0.02850000001490116,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maersk-line","display_name":"Maersk Line","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/containerization","display_name":"containerization","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shipping-industry","display_name":"shipping industry","score":0.5509999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/globalization","display_name":"globalization","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/1990s","display_name":"1990s","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/container-shipping","display_name":"container shipping","score":0.414000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosco","display_name":"COSCO","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-management","display_name":"strategic management","score":0.4480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product-differentiation","display_name":"product differentiation","score":0.43700000643730164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.6852834224700928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776233202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124425","display_name":"Iron Curtain","level":4,"score":0.6091325283050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2119116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7181","display_name":"Globalization","level":2,"score":0.5954312086105347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.5728513598442078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.508466362953186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4513187110424042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54750564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26643","display_name":"Commerce","level":1,"score":0.4061468839645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.39728671312332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.32269105315208435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.25563502311706543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.18412840366363525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.10684958100318909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986359222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8683","display_name":"Cold war","level":3,"score":0.09846487641334534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.05032077431678772}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9781139795340.009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139795340.009","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139795340.009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Creating Global Opportunities","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5378999710083008}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W142426112","https://openalex.org/W2912429476","https://openalex.org/W1524936544","https://openalex.org/W2227173756","https://openalex.org/W637771564","https://openalex.org/W2281144437","https://openalex.org/W2990003841","https://openalex.org/W4412296227","https://openalex.org/W3117230856","https://openalex.org/W1887161400"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Globalisation":[0],"accelerated":[1],"in":[2,11,50,98,106,121,233],"the":[3,12,15,18,24,73,81,88,99,104,114,122,178,189,196,200,209,215,218,222,225,230],"1980s":[4],"and":[5,28,42,113,153,171,193,224],"really":[6],"started":[7],"to":[8,39,109,119,167,186,194,236],"take":[9],"off":[10],"1990s":[13],"following":[14],"fall":[16],"of":[17,26,64,68,75,83,180,221,229],"Iron":[19],"Curtain,":[20],"which":[21],"opened":[22,36],"up":[23],"markets":[25,53],"Russia":[27],"East":[29],"Europe,":[30],"and,":[31],"most":[32],"dramatically,":[33],"as":[34,212,214],"China":[35],"its":[37],"door":[38],"free":[40],"enterprise":[41],"foreign":[43],"investment.":[44],"Containerisation":[45],"played":[46],"an":[47,56,78],"important":[48],"role":[49],"opening":[51],"these":[52],"by":[54],"providing":[55],"efficient":[57],"freight":[58],"transportation":[59],"system":[60],".":[61],"\u201850":[62],"Years":[63],"Containerisation\u2019,":[65],"US":[66],"Journal":[67],"Commerce":[69],"Two":[70],"documents":[71],"from":[72,165,208],"end":[74],"1989":[76],"provide":[77],"insight":[79],"into":[80],"thinking":[82],"Maersk":[84,184],"Line\u2019s":[85],"management":[86],"at":[87],"time.":[89],"The":[90,159],"first":[91],"was":[92,161,232],"a":[93,107,136,154,162,181,234,238],"McKinsey":[94],"report":[95,105],"entitled":[96],"\u2018Challenges":[97],"1990s\u2019.":[100],"Flemming":[101],"Jacobs":[102,166,204],"summarised":[103],"note":[108],"M\u00e6rsk":[110,168],"Mc-Kinney":[111,169],"M\u00f8ller":[112,170],"A.P.":[115],"Moller":[116],"Group":[117],"leadership:":[118],"win":[120],"coming":[123],"years":[124],"\u2018superior":[125],"analytical":[126],"skills":[127],"would":[128,134,143,148],"be":[129,144,149,237],"essential;":[130],"strong":[131,155],"operational":[132],"expertise":[133],"represent":[135],"necessary":[137],"base":[138],"platform;":[139],"wide":[140],"strategic":[141],"flexibility":[142],"needed;":[145],"financial":[146],"freedom":[147],"required,":[150],"with":[151],"aggressiveness":[152],"bias":[156],"for":[157,183],"action\u2019.":[158],"second":[160],"short":[163],"memo":[164],"Ib":[172],"Kruse.":[173],"In":[174],"it,":[175],"he":[176],"proposed":[177],"creation":[179],"\u2018vision\u2019":[182],"Line":[185],"build":[187],"on":[188],"existing":[190],"product":[191],"differentiation":[192],"guide":[195],"global":[197],"organisation":[198],"over":[199],"next":[201],"few":[202],"years.":[203],"cited":[205],"intense":[206],"competition":[207],"Korean":[210],"carriers":[211,231],"well":[213],"Chinese":[216],"COSCO,":[217],"reduced":[219],"effectiveness":[220],"conferences":[223],"fact":[226],"that":[227],"none":[228],"position":[235],"price":[239],"leader.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-10T09:11:00.788812","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
