{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2185329346","doi":null,"title":"Does It Have To Be Trees? Data-Driven Dependency Parsing with Incomplete and Noisy Training Data","display_name":"Does It Have To Be Trees? Data-Driven Dependency Parsing with Incomplete and Noisy Training Data","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2185329346","mag":"2185329346"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2185329346","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publishup.uni-potsdam.de/opus4-ubp/files/5591/spreyer_diss.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001000179","display_name":"Dissertation von Kathrin Spreyer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dissertation von Kathrin Spreyer","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001000179"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0489,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79417584,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10034","display_name":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependency-parsing","display_name":"dependency parsing","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incomplete-training-data","display_name":"incomplete training data","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noisy-training-data","display_name":"noisy training data","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation-projection","display_name":"annotation projection","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-corpora","display_name":"parallel corpus","score":0.6259999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transition-based-parsing","display_name":"transition-based parsing","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph-based-parsing","display_name":"graph-based parsing","score":0.8999999761581421}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8465800881385803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186644900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152","display_name":"Parsing","level":2,"score":0.7510700225830078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164883195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q674834","display_name":"Dependency grammar","level":3,"score":0.6816123723983765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6176718473434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.5775130391120911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.512421190738678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19768560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320727","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","level":2,"score":0.4484378397464752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4215485751628876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35164859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1756442","display_name":"LR parser","level":4,"score":0.417026162147522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118364021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7139956","display_name":"Parser combinator","level":3,"score":0.4003145098686218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.19117090106010437}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2185329346","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publishup.uni-potsdam.de/opus4-ubp/files/5591/spreyer_diss.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":129,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W22168010","https://openalex.org/W70524345","https://openalex.org/W89239156","https://openalex.org/W93558233","https://openalex.org/W167391854","https://openalex.org/W181643614","https://openalex.org/W183066880","https://openalex.org/W187419980","https://openalex.org/W194033037","https://openalex.org/W1486183509","https://openalex.org/W1489181569","https://openalex.org/W1491975949","https://openalex.org/W1508382620","https://openalex.org/W1508977358","https://openalex.org/W1512291016","https://openalex.org/W1517377188","https://openalex.org/W1526121453","https://openalex.org/W1539312853","https://openalex.org/W1551202288","https://openalex.org/W1586368951","https://openalex.org/W1596134004","https://openalex.org/W1598566484","https://openalex.org/W1608045182","https://openalex.org/W1625582487","https://openalex.org/W1632114991","https://openalex.org/W1672171594","https://openalex.org/W1714704734","https://openalex.org/W1716844867","https://openalex.org/W1722351164","https://openalex.org/W1762961584","https://openalex.org/W1877373394","https://openalex.org/W1894835849","https://openalex.org/W1924403233","https://openalex.org/W1927494178","https://openalex.org/W1964410579","https://openalex.org/W1970849810","https://openalex.org/W1973923101","https://openalex.org/W1978341344","https://openalex.org/W1984764846","https://openalex.org/W1989115577","https://openalex.org/W1990098021","https://openalex.org/W1999993003","https://openalex.org/W2002993828","https://openalex.org/W2006969979","https://openalex.org/W2007155591","https://openalex.org/W2008652694","https://openalex.org/W2015238682","https://openalex.org/W2016630033","https://openalex.org/W2027979924","https://openalex.org/W2031196180","https://openalex.org/W2038248725","https://openalex.org/W2038698865","https://openalex.org/W2039043650","https://openalex.org/W2039790295","https://openalex.org/W2052449326","https://openalex.org/W2053317341","https://openalex.org/W2058635392","https://openalex.org/W2062443271","https://openalex.org/W2063716227","https://openalex.org/W2070536585","https://openalex.org/W2074521846","https://openalex.org/W2077085710","https://openalex.org/W2079442239","https://openalex.org/W2096894677","https://openalex.org/W2102366626","https://openalex.org/W2105847779","https://openalex.org/W2108161779","https://openalex.org/W2108997961","https://openalex.org/W2110354579","https://openalex.org/W2110622404","https://openalex.org/W2115323600","https://openalex.org/W2115511080","https://openalex.org/W2116316001","https://openalex.org/W2117475509","https://openalex.org/W2118686841","https://openalex.org/W2121170334","https://openalex.org/W2121538771","https://openalex.org/W2122922578","https://openalex.org/W2124262992","https://openalex.org/W2124772738","https://openalex.org/W2125492538","https://openalex.org/W2128634885","https://openalex.org/W2129882630","https://openalex.org/W2131932654","https://openalex.org/W2134134392","https://openalex.org/W2135890475","https://openalex.org/W2137076533","https://openalex.org/W2137382827","https://openalex.org/W2137807925","https://openalex.org/W2137854946","https://openalex.org/W2138433202","https://openalex.org/W2141891248","https://openalex.org/W2142222368","https://openalex.org/W2142513859","https://openalex.org/W2142708806","https://openalex.org/W2143008661","https://openalex.org/W2143541936","https://openalex.org/W2143954309","https://openalex.org/W2147215264","https://openalex.org/W2147880316","https://openalex.org/W2149660837","https://openalex.org/W2151409774","https://openalex.org/W2151942821","https://openalex.org/W2152224036","https://openalex.org/W2152691628","https://openalex.org/W2153274216","https://openalex.org/W2153568660","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2156909104","https://openalex.org/W2156985047","https://openalex.org/W2158388102","https://openalex.org/W2160382364","https://openalex.org/W2161795601","https://openalex.org/W2162016438","https://openalex.org/W2163055444","https://openalex.org/W2163568299","https://openalex.org/W2164076936","https://openalex.org/W2165313570","https://openalex.org/W2168596725","https://openalex.org/W2172167844","https://openalex.org/W2295564396","https://openalex.org/W2394524245","https://openalex.org/W2397505144","https://openalex.org/W2406517565","https://openalex.org/W2439178139","https://openalex.org/W2569308312","https://openalex.org/W2914096745","https://openalex.org/W3145128584","https://openalex.org/W7095942923"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978341344","https://openalex.org/W93558233","https://openalex.org/W2772362567","https://openalex.org/W2558976091","https://openalex.org/W2251100697","https://openalex.org/W2524091560","https://openalex.org/W7095119169","https://openalex.org/W1510066115","https://openalex.org/W2007155591","https://openalex.org/W1927494178"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,82],"present":[1,83],"a":[2,58,100,115,140,179],"novel":[3],"approach":[4],"to":[5,106,112,122,128,218],"training":[6,76,87],"data-driven":[7],"dependency":[8,21,153],"parsers":[9,14,69,154,175,184,199],"on":[10,35,156,178,189,202],"incomplete":[11,38,126],"annotations.":[12],"Our":[13,148],"are":[15,186,200],"simple":[16],"modifications":[17],"of":[18,47,94,159,220],"two":[19],"well-known":[20],"parsers,":[22],"the":[23,28,43,75,119,137,166,182,210],"transition-based":[24],"Malt":[25],"parser":[26],"and":[27,125,131,169],"graph-based":[29],"MST":[30],"parser.":[31],"While":[32],"previous":[33],"work":[34],"parsing":[36],"with":[37,86,181,216],"data":[39,77,88],"has":[40],"typically":[41],"couched":[42],"task":[44],"in":[45,74],"frameworks":[46],"unsupervised":[48],"or":[49],"semi-supervised":[50],"machine":[51],"learning,":[52],"we":[53,63,66],"essentially":[54],"treat":[55],"it":[56],"as":[57],"supervised":[59,80],"problem.":[60],"In":[61],"particular,":[62],"propose":[64],"what":[65],"call":[67],"agnostic":[68,173],"which":[70,103,185],"hide":[71],"all":[72,221],"fragmentation":[73],"from":[78,109],"their":[79],"components.":[81],"experimental":[84],"results":[85,149],"that":[89,151,170],"was":[90],"obtained":[91],"by":[92],"means":[93],"annotation":[95],"projection.":[96],"Annotation":[97],"projection":[98],"is":[99,213],"resource-lean":[101],"technique":[102],"allows":[104],"us":[105],"transfer":[107],"annotations":[108,139,161],"one":[110],"language":[111],"another":[113],"within":[114],"parallel":[116],"corpus.":[117],"However,":[118],"output":[120],"tends":[121],"be":[123],"noisy":[124],"due":[127],"cross-lingual":[129],"non-parallelism":[130],"error-prone":[132],"word":[133],"alignments.":[134],"This":[135],"makes":[136],"projected":[138,160],"suitable":[141],"test":[142],"bed":[143],"for":[144],"our":[145,172,197],"fragment":[146,174,198],"parsers.":[147],"show":[150],"(i)":[152],"trained":[155,187,201],"large":[157],"amounts":[158],"achieve":[162],"higher":[163],"accuracy":[164],"than":[165],"direct":[167],"projections,":[168],"(ii)":[171],"perform":[176],"roughly":[177],"par":[180],"original":[183],"only":[188],"strictly":[190],"filtered,":[191],"complete":[192],"trees.":[193],"Finally,":[194],"(iii)":[195],"when":[196],"artificially":[203],"fragmented":[204],"but":[205],"otherwise":[206],"gold":[207],"standard":[208],"dependencies,":[209],"performance":[211],"loss":[212],"moderate":[214],"even":[215],"up":[217],"50%":[219],"edges":[222],"removed.":[223]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
