{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2185209342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.117.3.422","title":"Low, Controlled Nutrient Availability Provided by Organic Waste Materials for Chrysanthemum","display_name":"Low, Controlled Nutrient Availability Provided by Organic Waste Materials for Chrysanthemum","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2185209342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.117.3.422","mag":"2185209342"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21273/jashs.117.3.422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.117.3.422","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.117.3.422","pdf_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/jashs/117/3/article-p422.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764541395","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","issn_l":"0003-1062","issn":["0003-1062","2327-9788"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800526","host_organization_name":"American Society for Horticultural Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Horticultural Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/jashs/117/3/article-p422.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039979992","display_name":"Kimberly A. Williams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6369-4570","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6369-4570"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kimberly A. Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7609"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7609","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042930751","display_name":"Paul V. Nelson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul V. Nelson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7609"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7609","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"fwci":0.9892,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74944317,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"117","issue":"3","first_page":"422","last_page":"429"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13246","display_name":"Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management","score":0.2533999979496002,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13246","display_name":"Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management","score":0.2533999979496002,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12642","display_name":"Polymer-Based Agricultural Enhancements","score":0.21389999985694885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12754","display_name":"Plant Growth and Agriculture Techniques","score":0.21289999783039093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chrysanthemum","display_name":"chrysanthemum","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chrysanthemum-morifolium","display_name":"Chrysanthemum morifolium","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slow-release-nitrogen-fertilizer","display_name":"slow-release nitrogen fertilizer","score":0.5699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brevibacterium-lactofermentum","display_name":"Brevibacterium lactofermentum","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacillus-licheniformis","display_name":"Bacillus licheniformis","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacillus-subtilis","display_name":"Bacillus subtilis","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aspergillus-niger","display_name":"Aspergillus niger","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-meal","display_name":"bone meal","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pine-needles","display_name":"pine needles","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poultry-feathers","display_name":"poultry feathers","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-release-kinetics","display_name":"nitrogen release kinetics","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-use-efficiency","display_name":"nitrogen use efficiency","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ammonia-nitrogen","display_name":"ammonia nitrogen","score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-solution-nitrogen","display_name":"soil solution nitrogen","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-cross-linking","display_name":"protein cross-linking","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-treatment","display_name":"heat treatment","score":0.4950000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776527165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878356","display_name":"Bacillus licheniformis","level":4,"score":0.703283429145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780560099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83323","display_name":"Fertilizer","level":2,"score":0.688639760017395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775960407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132014","display_name":"Aspergillus niger","level":2,"score":0.48682183027267456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38304854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185716","display_name":"Manure","level":2,"score":0.48133692145347595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.4772372245788574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.4469239413738251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49671963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864323","display_name":"Biofilter","level":2,"score":0.44584524631500244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4182336926460266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.4078153669834137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3828253149986267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777272437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131238","display_name":"Bacillus subtilis","level":3,"score":0.3754696249961853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.36064690351486206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.35508841276168823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.34447401762008667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.3117365837097168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.20194458961486816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.14205268025398254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.10202229022979736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21273/jashs.117.3.422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.117.3.422","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.117.3.422","pdf_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/jashs/117/3/article-p422.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764541395","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","issn_l":"0003-1062","issn":["0003-1062","2327-9788"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800526","host_organization_name":"American Society for Horticultural Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Horticultural Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21273/jashs.117.3.422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.117.3.422","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.117.3.422","pdf_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/jashs/117/3/article-p422.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764541395","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","issn_l":"0003-1062","issn":["0003-1062","2327-9788"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800526","host_organization_name":"American Society for Horticultural Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Horticultural Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.9208999872207642,"display_name":"Zero hunger"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.5171999931335449,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2185209342.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2185209342.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W640347737","https://openalex.org/W1975904320","https://openalex.org/W1976373303","https://openalex.org/W1980435391","https://openalex.org/W2022993386","https://openalex.org/W2036536177","https://openalex.org/W2050337243","https://openalex.org/W2072591673","https://openalex.org/W2075435443","https://openalex.org/W2080132313","https://openalex.org/W2099611251","https://openalex.org/W2103506649","https://openalex.org/W2144328805","https://openalex.org/W2151726698","https://openalex.org/W2496204668","https://openalex.org/W2515244358"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2142230733","https://openalex.org/W2062492342","https://openalex.org/W2058146794","https://openalex.org/W2314311017","https://openalex.org/W2535375966","https://openalex.org/W4390913657","https://openalex.org/W2894169304","https://openalex.org/W7214954869","https://openalex.org/W4407809758","https://openalex.org/W2001424163"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Seven":[0],"organic":[1,132],"materials":[2],"including":[3],"1)":[4],"the":[5,30,79,118,139,181,188,208,232,275,302,341,351,357],"bacterium":[6,278,303],"Brevibacterium":[7,154],"lactofermentum":[8,296],"(Okumura":[9],"et":[10],"al.)":[11],"in":[12,36,162,180,187,235,248,258,356],"a":[13,17,37,51,94,126,145,172],"nonviable":[14,38],"state,":[15,39],"2)":[16],"mixture":[18],"of":[19,75,81,88,106,171,193,204,241,274,294,306,325,331,353],"two":[20],"bacteria,":[21],"Bacillus":[22,26],"licheniformis":[23,280],"(Weigmann)":[24],"and":[25,63,73,78,125,157,183,255,272],"subtilis":[27],"(Ehrenberg),":[28],"plus":[29],"fungus":[31],"Aspergillus":[32],"niger":[33],"(van":[34],"Tieghem)":[35],"3)":[40],"an":[41,85,224,322],"activated":[42],"microbial":[43],"sludge":[44,49,318],"from":[45,50,266],"waste-water":[46],"treatment,":[47],"4)":[48],"poultry":[52,65,268,316],"manure":[53,317],"methane":[54],"generator,":[55],"5)":[56],"unsteamed":[57],"bonemeal,":[58,156],"6)":[59],"aged":[60],"pine":[61],"needles,":[62],"7)":[64],"feathers":[66,269,282],"were":[67,115],"evaluated":[68],"to":[69,101,117,151,169,207,217,222,231,281,284,291,320],"determine":[70],"their":[71],"pattern":[72],"term":[74],"N":[76,92,135,194,242,288],"release":[77,195,211,236,265],"possibility":[80],"using":[82],"them":[83],"as":[84,345,347],"integral":[86],"part":[87],"root":[89],"media":[90,249],"releasing":[91],"at":[93,149,309],"steady,":[95],"lo":[96],"w":[97],"rate":[98,203,237],"over":[99,238],"10":[100],"12":[102,185],"weeks":[103,179,186],"for":[104,177,184],"production":[105],"Dendranthema":[107],"\u00d7":[108],"grandiflorum":[109],"(Ramat.)":[110],"Kitamura":[111],"`Sunny":[112],"Mandalay'.":[113],"These":[114],"compared":[116],"inorganic":[119],"slow-release":[120],"fertilizer":[121,129,175],"micro":[122,158],"Osmocote":[123,159],"(17N-3.9P-10.8K)":[124],"weekly":[127,173],"liquid":[128,174],"control.":[130],"All":[131],"sources":[133,254,334],"released":[134,335],"most":[136],"rapidly":[137],"during":[138],"first":[140,182],"2":[141],"weeks,":[142],"followed":[143],"by":[144,297,304,344],"decline,":[146],"which":[147,166,339],"ended":[148],"6":[150],"7":[152],"weeks.":[153],"lactofermentum,":[155],"treatments":[160],"resulted":[161],"about":[163],"equal":[164],"growth,":[165],"was":[167,214,256,270],"similar":[168],"growth":[170],"control":[176],"9":[178],"second":[189],"experiment.":[190],"The":[191],"period":[192],"could":[196],"not":[197,215],"be":[198,321],"extended":[199],"through":[200],"increased":[201],"application":[202,220],"source":[205,219,324],"due":[206,230],"high":[209],"initial":[210],"rate.":[212],"It":[213],"possible":[216],"lower":[218],"rates":[221],"achieve":[223],"effective,":[225],"low":[226],"soil":[227,286],"solution":[228,287],"concentration":[229],"large":[233,329],"variation":[234],"time.":[239],"Efficiency":[240],"use":[243,352],"varied":[244],"among":[245],"plants":[246],"grown":[247],"treated":[250,260],"with":[251,261],"various":[252],"microorganismal":[253],"highest":[257],"those":[259],"B.":[262,279,295],"lactofermentum.":[263],"Nitrogen":[264],"ground":[267],"inadequate,":[271],"additions":[273],"viable":[276],"hydrolyzing":[277],"failed":[283],"increase":[285],"levels.":[289],"Attempts":[290],"retard":[292],"mineralization":[293],"cross-linking":[298],"proteins":[299],"contained":[300],"within":[301],"means":[305],"heat":[307],"treatment":[308],"116C":[310],"vs.":[311],"82C":[312],"failed.":[313],"While":[314],"anaerobic":[315],"proved":[319],"inefficient":[323],"N,":[326,338],"it":[327],"provided":[328],"amounts":[330],"P.":[332],"Organic":[333],"primarily":[336],"ammoniacal":[337],"raised":[340],"medium":[342,358],"pH":[343],"much":[346],"one":[348],"unit,":[349],"necessitating":[350],"less":[354],"limestone":[355],"formulation.":[359]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
