{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2184852983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.8.1171","title":"Glycinebetaine Seed Priming Improved Osmotic and Salinity Tolerance in Turfgrasses","display_name":"Glycinebetaine Seed Priming Improved Osmotic and Salinity Tolerance in Turfgrasses","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2184852983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.8.1171","mag":"2184852983"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21273/hortsci.47.8.1171","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.8.1171","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.8.1171","pdf_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/hortsci/47/8/article-p1171.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183652945","display_name":"HortScience","issn_l":"0018-5345","issn":["0018-5345","2327-9834"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800526","host_organization_name":"American Society for Horticultural Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Horticultural Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"HortScience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/hortsci/47/8/article-p1171.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103589392","display_name":"Qi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8277-6798","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8277-6798"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57328836","display_name":"North Dakota State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05h1bnb22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57328836"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57328836"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041567752","display_name":"Kevin Rue","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57328836","display_name":"North Dakota State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05h1bnb22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57328836"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Rue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57328836"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57328836"],"apc_list":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"apc_paid":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"fwci":0.4457,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69209455,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"8","first_page":"1171","last_page":"1174"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12822","display_name":"Turfgrass Adaptation and Management","score":0.9092000126838684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12822","display_name":"Turfgrass Adaptation and Management","score":0.9092000126838684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10014","display_name":"Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance","score":0.08540000021457672,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11098","display_name":"Seed Germination and Physiology","score":0.0031999999191612005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/betaine","display_name":"betaine","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-priming","display_name":"seed priming","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osmotic-stress","display_name":"osmotic stress","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salt-tolerance","display_name":"salt tolerance","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turfgrass","display_name":"turfgrass","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lolium-perenne","display_name":"perennial ryegrass","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tall-fescue","display_name":"tall fescue","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agrostis-stolonifera","display_name":"creeping bentgrass","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poa-pratensis","display_name":"Poa pratensis","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-germination","display_name":"seed germination","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seedling-growth","display_name":"seedling growth","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osmoprotectants","display_name":"osmoprotectants","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionic-stress","display_name":"ionic stress","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mannitol","display_name":"mannitol","score":0.8519999980926514}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776096895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385709","display_name":"Seedling","level":2,"score":0.776007890701294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100701293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193838","display_name":"Germination","level":2,"score":0.7443419694900513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776981015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157922","display_name":"Festuca arundinacea","level":3,"score":0.6985495686531067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129513315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179615","display_name":"Salinity","level":2,"score":0.6594235897064209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777275582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161722","display_name":"Lolium perenne","level":3,"score":0.6485328674316406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9603476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193135","display_name":"Osmotic pressure","level":2,"score":0.6353172063827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778445172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407646","display_name":"Mannitol","level":2,"score":0.6031486392021179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168529131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13656562","display_name":"Osmotic shock","level":3,"score":0.5856101512908936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.5398992300033569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777687272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161137","display_name":"Agrostis","level":3,"score":0.5327843427658081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778237946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147783","display_name":"Poa pratensis","level":3,"score":0.48213979601860046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.4746930003166199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779429693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274959","display_name":"Distilled water","level":2,"score":0.47465211153030396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4365861415863037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.35373228788375854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.3174111843109131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46757340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43238","display_name":"Poaceae","level":2,"score":0.2943878769874573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.06567558646202087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21273/hortsci.47.8.1171","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.8.1171","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.8.1171","pdf_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/hortsci/47/8/article-p1171.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183652945","display_name":"HortScience","issn_l":"0018-5345","issn":["0018-5345","2327-9834"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800526","host_organization_name":"American Society for Horticultural Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Horticultural Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"HortScience","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21273/hortsci.47.8.1171","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.8.1171","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.8.1171","pdf_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/hortsci/47/8/article-p1171.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183652945","display_name":"HortScience","issn_l":"0018-5345","issn":["0018-5345","2327-9834"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800526","host_organization_name":"American Society for Horticultural Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Horticultural Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"HortScience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.6735000014305115}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2184852983.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2184852983.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1788271613","https://openalex.org/W1890919403","https://openalex.org/W1973801543","https://openalex.org/W2010660011","https://openalex.org/W2031255557","https://openalex.org/W2057433097","https://openalex.org/W2120891970","https://openalex.org/W2121797801","https://openalex.org/W2143798842","https://openalex.org/W2164916177","https://openalex.org/W2183155792","https://openalex.org/W2183947948","https://openalex.org/W2186906039","https://openalex.org/W2314892408","https://openalex.org/W2330243833","https://openalex.org/W2408658756","https://openalex.org/W2482628100","https://openalex.org/W3003861345","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6686104931","https://openalex.org/W6701990426"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2327851228","https://openalex.org/W7079661335","https://openalex.org/W2564311900","https://openalex.org/W4285334223","https://openalex.org/W2899850713","https://openalex.org/W7222471510","https://openalex.org/W7147338285","https://openalex.org/W2157019884","https://openalex.org/W2794103504","https://openalex.org/W4411854429"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Exogenous":[0],"application":[1],"of":[2,60,66,100,203,253],"glycinebetaine":[3],"(GB),":[4],"an":[5,250],"osmoprotectant,":[6],"increases":[7],"tolerance":[8,35],"to":[9,28,32,47,166,173,191,220,241],"stresses":[10,258],"including":[11],"salinity":[12,34,123],"in":[13,98,176,182,198,244,247],"various":[14],"plants.":[15],"Information":[16],"on":[17],"turfgrass,":[18],"however,":[19],"is":[20],"limited.":[21],"In":[22],"this":[23],"study,":[24],"GB":[25,61,159],"was":[26],"used":[27],"prime":[29],"turfgrass":[30],"seeds":[31,65],"enhance":[33],"during":[36],"germination":[37,163,199,233],"and":[38,50,88,113,122,128,136,143,146,152,169,193,200,206,212,235,256],"seedling":[39,170,201,236],"growth":[40,171,202,237],"stage":[41],"when":[42],"plants":[43],"are":[44],"more":[45,221],"sensitive":[46],"stresses.":[48,195],"Unprimed":[49],"primed":[51,157],"(50,":[52],"100,":[53],"150,":[54],"or":[55,62,108,178],"200":[56],"m":[57,58],"solution":[59,180],"distilled":[63,101,183],"water)":[64],"perennial":[67],"ryegrass":[68],"(":[69,76,83,91],"Lolium":[70],"perenne":[71],"L.)":[72,94],"(PR),":[73],"tall":[74],"fescue":[75],"Festuca":[77],"arundinacea":[78],"Schreb.)":[79],"(TF),":[80],"creeping":[81],"bentgrass":[82],"Agrostis":[84],"palustris":[85],"Huds.)":[86],"(CB),":[87],"kentucky":[89],"bluegrass":[90],"Poa":[92],"pratensis":[93],"(KB)":[95],"were":[96,125,208,238],"germinated":[97],"solutions":[99],"water,":[102],"mannitol":[103,177,211],"(causing":[104,110],"osmotic":[105,112,117,141,151,192,217,255],"stress":[106,218,225],"only),":[107],"NaCl":[109,179,213,245],"both":[111,254],"ionic":[114,153,194,224,257],"stresses).":[115],"Their":[116],"potential":[118],"(\u03c8":[119],"S":[120],")":[121],"level":[124],"-0.1":[126],"MPa":[127,135,145],"0.1":[129,137],"dS\u00b7m":[130,138,148],"\u22121":[131,139,149],"(no":[132],"stress),":[133,142],"\u20131.0":[134,144],"(moderate":[140,150],"14.6":[147],"stresses),":[154],"respectively.":[155],"Seeds":[156],"with":[158],"showed":[160,188],"a":[161],"higher":[162],"rate":[164,234],"(11.0%":[165],"13.9%":[167],"increase)":[168,175],"(19.3%":[172,240],"20.7%":[174],"than":[181,223,246],"water.":[184],"Different":[185],"turf":[186],"species":[187],"different":[189],"responses":[190],"No":[196],"differences":[197],"PR,":[204],"TF,":[205],"KB":[207],"observed":[209],"between":[210],"treatments,":[214],"indicating":[215],"that":[216],"appeared":[219],"critical":[222],"under":[226,259],"saline":[227,260],"conditions.":[228,261],"For":[229],"CB,":[230],"the":[231],"seed":[232],"lower":[239],"44.2%":[242],"reduction)":[243],"mannitol,":[248],"showing":[249],"accumulative":[251],"effect":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}