{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2184696923","doi":null,"title":"The Protective Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Unripe Pulp of Carica papaya (Pawpaw) Against Potassium Bromate Induced Tissue Damage in Wistar Rats","display_name":"The Protective Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Unripe Pulp of Carica papaya (Pawpaw) Against Potassium Bromate Induced Tissue Damage in Wistar Rats","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2184696923","mag":"2184696923"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2184696923","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://maxwellsci.com/print/crjbs/v3-597-600.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210168654","display_name":"Current Research Journal of Biological Sciences","issn_l":"2041-076X","issn":["2041-076X","2041-0778"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4360969362","host_organization_name":"Maxwell Scientific Publication Corp.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4360969362"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Maxwell Scientific Publication Corp."],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Current Research Journal of Biological Sciences","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011026558","display_name":"SJ Josiah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"SJ Josiah","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081423079","display_name":"S. C. O. Nwangwu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-3105","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-3105"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. C. O. Nwangwu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-3105","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038697480","display_name":"A.A. Akintola","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.A. Akintola","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067270129","display_name":"T. Allu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Allu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066915821","display_name":"Usunomena Usunobun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9793-9115","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9793-9115"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Usunomena Usunobun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9793-9115","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048663322","display_name":"Njoya K. Helen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Njoya K. Helen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036040399","display_name":"Babatunde Ishola Gabriel Adejumo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6620-073X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6620-073X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Babatunde Ishola Gabriel Adejumo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9967,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8158349,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"6","first_page":"597","last_page":"600"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14478","display_name":"Papaya Research and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14478","display_name":"Papaya Research and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13725","display_name":"Pineapple and bromelain studies","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14521","display_name":"Medicinal Plant Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carica-papaya","display_name":"Carica papaya","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethanol-extract","display_name":"ethanol extract","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/potassium-bromate","display_name":"potassium bromate","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tissue-damage","display_name":"tissue damage","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatoprotective-effect","display_name":"hepatoprotection","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antioxidant-activity","display_name":"antioxidant activity","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malondialdehyde","display_name":"malondialdehyde","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lipid-peroxidation","display_name":"lipid peroxidation","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-protein","display_name":"total protein","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amino-acids","display_name":"amino acids","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organ-to-body-weight-ratio","display_name":"organ-to-body weight ratio","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renal-protection","display_name":"renal protection","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardioprotection","display_name":"cardioprotection","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroprotection","display_name":"neuroprotection","score":0.7239999771118164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779231358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1752510","display_name":"Carica","level":2,"score":0.8382713794708252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779625114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q409241","display_name":"Potassium bromate","level":3,"score":0.7990415096282959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.7474997043609619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188442228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48286","display_name":"Pulp (tooth)","level":2,"score":0.6241530179977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778597767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4027534","display_name":"Sucrose","level":2,"score":0.5650420784950256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780091579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9377","display_name":"Kidney","level":2,"score":0.5624719858169556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C517785266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q703","display_name":"Potassium","level":2,"score":0.43706852197647095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.4289621114730835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780931953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9371","display_name":"Spleen","level":2,"score":0.415335088968277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.36020439863204956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.34289488196372986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.24646958708763123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2230946123600006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.16337895393371582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.12459591031074524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.11742350459098816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.08216866850852966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161790260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264","display_name":"Catalysis","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2184696923","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://maxwellsci.com/print/crjbs/v3-597-600.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210168654","display_name":"Current Research Journal of Biological Sciences","issn_l":"2041-076X","issn":["2041-076X","2041-0778"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4360969362","host_organization_name":"Maxwell Scientific Publication Corp.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4360969362"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Maxwell Scientific Publication Corp."],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Current Research Journal of Biological Sciences","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.766700029373169}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W640680730","https://openalex.org/W1775749144","https://openalex.org/W1868361743","https://openalex.org/W1983310681","https://openalex.org/W1989065422","https://openalex.org/W2027449233","https://openalex.org/W2046600303","https://openalex.org/W2068660038","https://openalex.org/W2075449171","https://openalex.org/W2098890906","https://openalex.org/W2156888753","https://openalex.org/W2501562952","https://openalex.org/W2593899201"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2324884531","https://openalex.org/W2983724541","https://openalex.org/W2156888753","https://openalex.org/W4405745520","https://openalex.org/W2171625003","https://openalex.org/W3190606598","https://openalex.org/W7080143742","https://openalex.org/W2943804504","https://openalex.org/W3041250508","https://openalex.org/W4416063891"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,24,85,163],"protective":[1,211],"role":[2],"of":[3,6,9,35,44,51,77,113,116,129,160,167,182,203,206],"ethanolic":[4,201],"extract":[5,202],"unripe":[7,204],"pulp":[8,205],"Carica":[10,207],"papaya":[11,208],"(fruit),":[12],"against":[13,212],"potassium-":[14],"bromate":[15,53],"induced":[16,214],"tissue":[17,117,215],"damage":[18,216],"in":[19,60,99,125,137,146,192,217],"wistar":[20],"rats":[21,59,130],"was":[22,40,55,134],"investigated.":[23],"animals":[25],"were":[26,70,107],"grouped":[27],"into":[28],"four":[29],"groups":[30,61],"(A,":[31],"B,":[32,62],"C,":[33],"D)":[34],"five":[36],"rats.":[37,219],"Group":[38,155],"A":[39],"administered":[41,56],"1":[42],"mL":[43],"0.25":[45],"M":[46],"sucrose":[47],"solution.":[48],"60":[49],"mg/kg":[50,76],"Potassium":[52],"KBrO3":[54,213],"orally":[57],"to":[58,87],"C":[63,67],"and":[64,68,74,95,105,142],"D.":[65],"Groups":[66],"D":[69],"pretreated":[71],"with":[72,154],"250":[73],"500":[75,175],"the":[78,100,114,120,127,138,148,161,168,178],"extracts":[79],"for":[80],"fourteen":[81],"(14)":[82],"days,":[83],"respectively.":[84],"organ":[86],"body-weight":[88],"ratio,":[89],"total":[90,93,143,164],"amino":[91],"acid,":[92],"protein":[94,144,165],"malondialdeyde":[96,188],"(MDA)":[97],"concentration":[98],"brain,":[101],"spleen,":[102],"kidney,":[103],"liver,":[104],"heart":[106],"colorimetrically":[108],"measured":[109],"as":[110],"an":[111],"assessment":[112],"level":[115,145,166,181],"damage.":[118],"All":[119],"parameters":[121],"studied":[122],"increases":[123],"significantly":[124,191],"all":[126,147],"tissues":[128,149,184],"group":[131],"B.":[132],"There":[133],"significant":[135],"decrease":[136],"organ-to-body":[139],"weight":[140],"ratio":[141],"investigated":[150,183],"(p<0.05),":[151],"when":[152],"compared":[153],"B":[156],"at":[157,174],"both":[158],"doses":[159],"extract.":[162],"stomach":[169],"had":[170],"a":[171,193],"drastic":[172],"reduction":[173],"mg/kg.":[176],"Also,":[177],"Amino":[179],"acid":[180],"decreased":[185,190],"significantly,":[186],"while":[187],"levels":[189],"dose":[194],"dependent":[195],"manner.":[196],"These":[197],"findings":[198],"suggest":[199],"that":[200],"may":[209],"be":[210],"Wistar":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-13T07:04:57.449891","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
