{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2184465634","doi":null,"title":"Multilayered retinal microglial response to optic nerve transection in rats.","display_name":"Multilayered retinal microglial response to optic nerve transection in rats.","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-03-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2184465634","mag":"2184465634","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15827548"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:15827548","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15827548","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecular vision","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012062187","display_name":"Enrique Garcia-Valenzuela","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094864","display_name":"Emory Eye Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00hr6kp69","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132943300","https://openalex.org/I150468666","https://openalex.org/I4210094864","https://openalex.org/I4210109911"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enrique Garcia-Valenzuela","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emory University Eye Center, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. enrique_garcia@emoryhealthcare.org","Emory University Eye Center, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory University Eye Center, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. enrique_garcia@emoryhealthcare.org","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666","https://openalex.org/I4210094864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory University Eye Center, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666","https://openalex.org/I4210094864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113500565","display_name":"Sansar Chand Sharma","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sansar C Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045034806","display_name":"Ana Luisa Pi\u00f1a","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6214-2651","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6214-2651"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Luisa Pi\u00f1a","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2955,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":60,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85576923,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"225","last_page":"31"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11266","display_name":"Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms","score":0.6255000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11266","display_name":"Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms","score":0.6255000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.31690001487731934,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.0044999998062849045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal-microglia","display_name":"retinal microglia","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optic-nerve-transection","display_name":"optic nerve transection","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/axotomy","display_name":"axotomy","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal-ganglion-cell-loss","display_name":"retinal ganglion cell death","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microglial-proliferation","display_name":"microglial proliferation","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phagocytosis","display_name":"phagocytosis","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal-layers","display_name":"retinal layers","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ganglion-cell-layer","display_name":"ganglion cell layer","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inner-nuclear-layer","display_name":"inner nuclear layer","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outer-plexiform-layer","display_name":"outer plexiform layer","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal-eccentricity","display_name":"retinal eccentricity","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glaucoma","display_name":"glaucoma","score":0.6029999852180481}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779683492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q792615","display_name":"Axotomy","level":3,"score":0.8600529432296753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777093970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169342","display_name":"Retina","level":2,"score":0.8270413875579834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.7609009146690369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779830541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1622829","display_name":"Microglia","level":3,"score":0.7503268718719482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777506830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4113799","display_name":"Inner nuclear layer","level":3,"score":0.6808924674987793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780837183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186029","display_name":"Optic nerve","level":2,"score":0.6587584614753723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780188069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4133186","display_name":"Ganglion cell layer","level":3,"score":0.6208721399307251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781099447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4113797","display_name":"Inner plexiform layer","level":3,"score":0.6007065773010254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5489889979362488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777585161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357246","display_name":"Outer plexiform layer","level":3,"score":0.5310243368148804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777624874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q927337","display_name":"Retinal ganglion cell","level":3,"score":0.471467524766922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.4607810080051422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781334511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108158","display_name":"Ganglion","level":2,"score":0.45876094698905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.40578189492225647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.31516388058662415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.2620786726474762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1872917115688324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.11485794186592102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.08358809351921082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002452","descriptor_name":"Cell Count","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008856","descriptor_name":"Microscopy, Fluorescence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009900","descriptor_name":"Optic Nerve","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012165","descriptor_name":"Retinal Ganglion Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017208","descriptor_name":"Rats, Wistar","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017209","descriptor_name":"Apoptosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017628","descriptor_name":"Microglia","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017628","descriptor_name":"Microglia","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019084","descriptor_name":"Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019771","descriptor_name":"Axotomy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020221","descriptor_name":"Optic Nerve Injuries","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:15827548","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15827548","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecular vision","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2184465634","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15827548","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6240000128746033,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W206677923","https://openalex.org/W323603611","https://openalex.org/W1498231868","https://openalex.org/W1972976060","https://openalex.org/W1979031780","https://openalex.org/W1991821782","https://openalex.org/W1994626566","https://openalex.org/W2004301880","https://openalex.org/W2006299390","https://openalex.org/W2011863717","https://openalex.org/W2014643949","https://openalex.org/W2016125390","https://openalex.org/W2018168833","https://openalex.org/W2019968676","https://openalex.org/W2024884108","https://openalex.org/W2028245723","https://openalex.org/W2032259890","https://openalex.org/W2035369334","https://openalex.org/W2039200423","https://openalex.org/W2040463826","https://openalex.org/W2054954978","https://openalex.org/W2056351034","https://openalex.org/W2057547741","https://openalex.org/W2063178678","https://openalex.org/W2063281599","https://openalex.org/W2064695347","https://openalex.org/W2071369096","https://openalex.org/W2073161602","https://openalex.org/W2076407459","https://openalex.org/W2080499279","https://openalex.org/W2084874221","https://openalex.org/W2086313670","https://openalex.org/W2089703730","https://openalex.org/W2101233385","https://openalex.org/W2122305954","https://openalex.org/W2129008615","https://openalex.org/W2130436599","https://openalex.org/W2135406143","https://openalex.org/W2143305021","https://openalex.org/W2146681281","https://openalex.org/W2160838897","https://openalex.org/W2169379322","https://openalex.org/W2171381331","https://openalex.org/W2606846219","https://openalex.org/W3184628723"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2178720205","https://openalex.org/W2006299390","https://openalex.org/W2767645742","https://openalex.org/W2010048361","https://openalex.org/W1981557020","https://openalex.org/W2001055972","https://openalex.org/W2369583083","https://openalex.org/W2130436599","https://openalex.org/W2045224589","https://openalex.org/W2080583939"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE:":[0],"Microglia":[1,178],"normally":[2],"exist":[3],"in":[4,65,103,116,135,141,152,167,172,179,235,268],"several":[5],"layers":[6,51,106,227],"across":[7,210],"the":[8,28,35,57,66,87,104,117,122,129,142,153,168,173,180,217,273],"retinal":[9,12,50,105,206,212,241,257,275],"thickness.":[10],"When":[11],"ganglion":[13,118,197,242,258],"cells":[14,23,47,102,161,198],"undergo":[15],"apoptosis":[16],"after":[17],"lesion":[18],"to":[19,163,229,253],"their":[20,164,261],"axons,":[21],"microglial":[22,46,101,270],"proliferate":[24],"and":[25,62,83,92,98,128,237,248],"promptly":[26],"clear":[27],"debris.":[29],"We":[30],"have":[31],"previously":[32],"reported":[33],"on":[34],"phagocytic":[36,160],"response":[37],"following":[38],"optic":[39,58,72,230],"nerve":[40,231],"axotomy.":[41],"Here,":[42],"we":[43],"present":[44],"how":[45],"of":[48,56,68,86,96,100,137,158,192,203,216,225],"deeper":[49],"are":[52,208],"affected":[53],"by":[54,79],"transection":[55],"nerve.":[59],"METHODS:":[60],"Normal":[61],"reactive":[63],"microglia":[64,113,138,207,224],"retina":[67],"adult":[69],"rats":[70],"whose":[71],"nerves":[73],"had":[74],"been":[75],"lesioned":[76],"were":[77,114,149],"labeled":[78],"using":[80],"antibodies":[81],"OX42":[82],"ED1.":[84],"Analysis":[85],"time":[88],"course":[89],"(between":[90],"1":[91],"180":[93],"days":[94],"post-axotomy)":[95],"appearance":[97],"distribution":[99,250,271],"was":[107],"performed.":[108],"RESULTS:":[109],"In":[110],"normal":[111,185,204],"retinas,":[112],"found":[115],"cell":[119,243],"layer":[120,126,132],"(GCL),":[121],"superficial":[123,154,176],"inner":[124],"nuclear":[125],"(INL)":[127],"outer":[130],"plexiform":[131],"(OPL).":[133],"Increases":[134,148],"numbers":[136,166,236],"occurred":[139],"maximally":[140],"GCL":[143],"at":[144],"day":[145],"12":[146],"post-axotomy.":[147],"also":[150],"detected":[151],"INL.":[155],"The":[156],"proliferation":[157],"these":[159],"led":[162],"highest":[165],"more":[169],"central":[170],"eccentricities":[171,213],"two":[174],"most":[175],"layers.":[177,276],"OPL":[181],"remained":[182],"undisturbed.":[183],"Microglial":[184],"histology":[186],"is":[187],"restored":[188],"over":[189],"a":[190],"period":[191],"6":[193],"months":[194],"as":[195],"dying":[196],"disappear.":[199],"CONCLUSIONS:":[200],"Histological":[201],"characteristics":[202],"rat":[205],"uniform":[209],"different":[211,274],"for":[214],"each":[215],"three":[218],"laminae":[219],"where":[220],"they":[221],"exist.":[222],"Retinal":[223],"various":[226],"respond":[228],"damage.":[232],"Their":[233,245],"increase":[234],"morphological":[238],"transformation":[239],"follow":[240],"death.":[244],"morphology,":[246],"density,":[247],"layered":[249],"slowly":[251],"return":[252],"normal,":[254],"confirming":[255],"that":[256],"cells,":[259],"or":[260],"densities,":[262],"do":[263],"not":[264],"play":[265],"any":[266],"role":[267],"dictating":[269],"within":[272]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}