{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2184428439","doi":null,"title":"Diagnosis and Integrative Treatment of Intracellular Bacterial Infections in Chronic Fatigue and Fibromyalgia Syndromes, Gulf War Illness, Rheumatoid Arthritis and other Chronic Illnesses","display_name":"Diagnosis and Integrative Treatment of Intracellular Bacterial Infections in Chronic Fatigue and Fibromyalgia Syndromes, Gulf War Illness, Rheumatoid Arthritis and other Chronic Illnesses","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2184428439","mag":"2184428439"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2184428439","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.immed.org/infectious%20disease%20reports/06.16.12%20pdf%20updates/CPAM-GLNetal.-00.1.21.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088154120","display_name":"Garth L. Nicolson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2044-7291","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2044-7291"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Garth L. Nicolson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2044-7291","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105986555","display_name":"Marwan Y. Nasralla","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marwan Y. Nasralla","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007257718","display_name":"A. R. Franco","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. R. Franco","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038394648","display_name":"Nancy L. Nicolson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nancy L. Nicolson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028748720","display_name":"Robert L. Erwin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Erwin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017184551","display_name":"Richard Ngwenya","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Ngwenya","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079767390","display_name":"Paul Berns","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Berns","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.101,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87048217,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11282","display_name":"Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research","score":0.8378999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11282","display_name":"Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research","score":0.8378999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11688","display_name":"Microbial infections and disease research","score":0.07349999994039536,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10296","display_name":"Vector-borne infectious diseases","score":0.01549999974668026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intracellular-bacterial-infection","display_name":"intracellular bacterial infection","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mycoplasma-infection","display_name":"mycoplasma infection","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-fatigue-syndrome","display_name":"chronic fatigue syndrome","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fibromyalgia","display_name":"fibromyalgia","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gulf-war-illness","display_name":"Gulf War illness","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rheumatoid-arthritis","display_name":"rheumatoid arthritis","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opportunistic-infections","display_name":"opportunistic infections","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunosuppression","display_name":"immunosuppression","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-term-antibiotic-therapy","display_name":"long-term antibiotic therapy","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dietary-supplementation","display_name":"dietary supplementation","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutraceuticals","display_name":"nutraceuticals","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-enhancement","display_name":"immune enhancement","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-infection","display_name":"viral infection","score":0.5910000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrative-therapy","display_name":"integrative therapy","score":0.7670000195503235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7470353841781616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777575956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187255","display_name":"Rheumatoid arthritis","level":2,"score":0.7075998783111572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777831278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q540571","display_name":"Fibromyalgia","level":2,"score":0.643976092338562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.6006903648376465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779566273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209733","display_name":"Chronic fatigue syndrome","level":2,"score":0.5887895822525024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.5705918669700623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778838687","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210975","display_name":"Mycoplasma","level":2,"score":0.47721344232559204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.45160141587257385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910239545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3843811","display_name":"Immune Dysfunction","level":3,"score":0.4135449230670929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.38006845116615295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.25632667541503906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.13052183389663696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.10092127323150635}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2184428439","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.immed.org/infectious%20disease%20reports/06.16.12%20pdf%20updates/CPAM-GLNetal.-00.1.21.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W17527956","https://openalex.org/W159483085","https://openalex.org/W1645475532","https://openalex.org/W1934388450","https://openalex.org/W1973268580","https://openalex.org/W1979356356","https://openalex.org/W1993864861","https://openalex.org/W1995347532","https://openalex.org/W1996935105","https://openalex.org/W2009752970","https://openalex.org/W2021569946","https://openalex.org/W2025764575","https://openalex.org/W2034359098","https://openalex.org/W2039328905","https://openalex.org/W2039467125","https://openalex.org/W2040658471","https://openalex.org/W2044728443","https://openalex.org/W2066719464","https://openalex.org/W2070158609","https://openalex.org/W2073753565","https://openalex.org/W2081609875","https://openalex.org/W2084901507","https://openalex.org/W2085891428","https://openalex.org/W2098287790","https://openalex.org/W2098836694","https://openalex.org/W2113661501","https://openalex.org/W2115054307","https://openalex.org/W2116583223","https://openalex.org/W2118817313","https://openalex.org/W2119074956","https://openalex.org/W2120868745","https://openalex.org/W2136915396","https://openalex.org/W2138509270","https://openalex.org/W2152348310","https://openalex.org/W2152804106","https://openalex.org/W2153594340","https://openalex.org/W2164026401","https://openalex.org/W2181852376","https://openalex.org/W2186486029","https://openalex.org/W2187145622","https://openalex.org/W2314339832","https://openalex.org/W2324746979","https://openalex.org/W2414051374","https://openalex.org/W2414209983","https://openalex.org/W2416913657","https://openalex.org/W2433883437","https://openalex.org/W2472285258","https://openalex.org/W4235673608","https://openalex.org/W4302436786"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4403073812","https://openalex.org/W2073753565","https://openalex.org/W2187145622","https://openalex.org/W1978619018","https://openalex.org/W2038935498","https://openalex.org/W2980830536","https://openalex.org/W2018753889","https://openalex.org/W7098983815","https://openalex.org/W2181852376","https://openalex.org/W2131724000"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Bacterial":[0],"and":[1,55,125,135,181,185,196],"viral":[2],"infections":[3,19,31,91,166,188],"are":[4],"associated":[5],"with":[6,44,119,177],"many":[7],"chronic":[8,57,69,96,165,174],"illnesses":[9,58,176],"as":[10,17,38,154],"causative":[11],"agents,":[12],"cofactors":[13],"or":[14,178],"more":[15],"likely":[16],"opportunistic":[18],"in":[20,42,63,94,172,192,199],"immune":[21,123,140,162],"suppressed":[22],"individuals.":[23],"The":[24],"prevalence":[25],"of":[26,113,137,160],"invasive":[27],"pathogenic":[28],"Mycoplasma":[29,74],"species":[30,75],"(and":[32],"possibly":[33],"other":[34,56,126,182],"bacterial":[35,90,183],"infections,":[36,76,86,184],"such":[37,153],"Chlamydia,":[39],"Borrelia,":[40],"etc.)":[41],"patients":[43,71,82,100,144],"Chronic":[45],"Fatigue":[46],"Syndrome,":[47,49],"Fibromyalgia":[48],"Gulf":[50],"War":[51],"Illness,":[52],"Rheumatoid":[53],"Arthritis":[54],"was":[59],"significantly":[60],"higher":[61],"than":[62],"healthy":[64],"controls.":[65],"When":[66],"we":[67,77],"examined":[68],"illness":[70,97],"for":[72,133],"multiple":[73,84,89,187],"found":[78],"that":[79,88],"almost":[80],"all":[81],"had":[83],"intracellular":[85],"suggesting":[87],"commonly":[92],"occur":[93],"certain":[95],"patients.":[98],"These":[99],"generally":[101],"respond":[102],"to":[103,130,157],"particular":[104],"antibiotics":[105],"if":[106],"administered":[107],"long-term,":[108],"but":[109],"an":[110],"important":[111,191],"part":[112],"their":[114,161],"recovery":[115,134,159],"involves":[116],"nutritional":[117],"supplementation":[118],"appropriate":[120],"vitamins,":[121],"minerals,":[122],"enhancement":[124],"supplements.":[127],"Nutraceuticals":[128],"appear":[129],"be":[131,146,170,190],"necessary":[132],"maintenance":[136],"a":[138],"strong":[139],"system.":[141],"In":[142],"addition,":[143],"should":[145],"removed":[147],"from":[148],"potentially":[149],"immune-":[150],"depressing":[151],"drugs,":[152],"some":[155],"antidepressants,":[156],"allow":[158],"systems.":[163],"Other":[164],"(viral),":[167],"may":[168],"also":[169],"involved":[171],"various":[173],"fatigue":[175],"without":[179],"mycoplasmal":[180],"these":[186,201],"could":[189],"causing":[193],"patient":[194],"morbidity":[195],"resulting":[197],"difficulties":[198],"treating":[200],"illnesses.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
