{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2183886932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.121.6.1117","title":"Absorption and Assimilation of Foliarly Applied Urea in Tomato","display_name":"Absorption and Assimilation of Foliarly Applied Urea in Tomato","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2183886932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.121.6.1117","mag":"2183886932"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21273/jashs.121.6.1117","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.121.6.1117","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.121.6.1117","pdf_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/jashs/121/6/article-p1117.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764541395","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","issn_l":"0003-1062","issn":["0003-1062","2327-9788"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800526","host_organization_name":"American Society for Horticultural Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Horticultural Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/jashs/121/6/article-p1117.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025869839","display_name":"Bernard Andre Lucien Nicoulaud","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130442723","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/041yk2d64","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["BR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernard A. L. Nicoulaud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vegetable Crops, University of California, Davis, CA 95616","Fac. De Agronomia-UFRGS, Cx.P. 776, Porto Alegre-RS, 91.501-970, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vegetable Crops, University of California, Davis, CA 95616","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fac. De Agronomia-UFRGS, Cx.P. 776, Porto Alegre-RS, 91.501-970, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014172578","display_name":"Arnold J. Bloom","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-1495","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-1495"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130442723","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/041yk2d64","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["BR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arnold J. Bloom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vegetable Crops, University of California, Davis, CA 95616","Fac. De Agronomia-UFRGS, Cx.P. 776, Porto Alegre-RS, 91.501-970, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vegetable Crops, University of California, Davis, CA 95616","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fac. De Agronomia-UFRGS, Cx.P. 776, Porto Alegre-RS, 91.501-970, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"fwci":0.5152,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6829921,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"121","issue":"6","first_page":"1117","last_page":"1121"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11247","display_name":"Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism","score":0.48170000314712524,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11247","display_name":"Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism","score":0.48170000314712524,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12754","display_name":"Plant Growth and Agriculture Techniques","score":0.23729999363422394,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12407","display_name":"Plant Growth Enhancement Techniques","score":0.11980000138282776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foliar-urea-application","display_name":"foliar urea application","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tomato-seedlings","display_name":"tomato seedlings","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urea-absorption","display_name":"urea absorption","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-assimilation","display_name":"nitrogen assimilation","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ammonium-accumulation","display_name":"ammonium accumulation","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phytotoxicity","display_name":"phytotoxicity","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-starvation","display_name":"nitrogen starvation","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urea-concentration","display_name":"urea concentration","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-of-use","display_name":"usage frequency","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foliar-fertilization","display_name":"foliar fertilization","score":0.4620000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780365088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48318","display_name":"Urea","level":2,"score":0.9046283960342407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21410773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220869","display_name":"Shoot","level":2,"score":0.7269750833511353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.6835713386535645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777680332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q544652","display_name":"Lycopersicon","level":2,"score":0.658297598361969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779870022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190901","display_name":"Ammonium","level":2,"score":0.6014556884765625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.5128524303436279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.487468957901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.36763668060302734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.36637696623802185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.15986159443855286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.06790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21273/jashs.121.6.1117","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.121.6.1117","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.121.6.1117","pdf_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/jashs/121/6/article-p1117.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764541395","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","issn_l":"0003-1062","issn":["0003-1062","2327-9788"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800526","host_organization_name":"American Society for Horticultural Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Horticultural Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21273/jashs.121.6.1117","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.121.6.1117","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.121.6.1117","pdf_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/jashs/121/6/article-p1117.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764541395","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","issn_l":"0003-1062","issn":["0003-1062","2327-9788"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800526","host_organization_name":"American Society for Horticultural Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Horticultural Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.958299994468689,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8475654283","display_name":"Chilling and Ammonium Absorption in Wild and Cultivated     Tomatoes","funder_award_id":"9306521","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","ror":"https://ror.org/03swz6y49"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2183886932.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2183886932.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1531402364","https://openalex.org/W1542649433","https://openalex.org/W1971077454","https://openalex.org/W1971917069","https://openalex.org/W1975343756","https://openalex.org/W1985628033","https://openalex.org/W2004962339","https://openalex.org/W2006234921","https://openalex.org/W2009984886","https://openalex.org/W2010987376","https://openalex.org/W2015154451","https://openalex.org/W2025976774","https://openalex.org/W2040409697","https://openalex.org/W2065440159","https://openalex.org/W2088876136","https://openalex.org/W2142694200","https://openalex.org/W2159834394","https://openalex.org/W2160720894","https://openalex.org/W2161627446","https://openalex.org/W2184911378","https://openalex.org/W2491052378","https://openalex.org/W2796536593","https://openalex.org/W4249322302","https://openalex.org/W6630519434"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2036615907","https://openalex.org/W2002438023","https://openalex.org/W2030585595","https://openalex.org/W2467599514","https://openalex.org/W2381365976","https://openalex.org/W1964847319","https://openalex.org/W2498732460","https://openalex.org/W2277089504","https://openalex.org/W2171623583","https://openalex.org/W2570289883"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,166],"short-term":[1],"experiments":[2],"(10":[3],"days),":[4],"urea":[5,25,44,57,80,180,223,237,260,277,298],"applied":[6,79,261],"foliarly":[7,262],"as":[8,181],"the":[9,28,35,69,77,94,124,159,162,167,172,182,197,203,219,246,269],"sole":[10,183],"N":[11,65,184,193,217,270,286,307],"source":[12,185],"promoted":[13],"growth":[14,53,173,295],"of":[15,76,142,161,179,189,205,212,248,253,268],"`T-5'":[16],"tomato":[17],"(":[18],"Lycopersicon":[19],"esculentum":[20],"Mill.)":[21],"seedlings.":[22],"The":[23,52,102],"optimum":[24],"concentration":[26,104,122],"in":[27,93,107,113,123,196,202,218,228,240,245],"spray":[29],"solution":[30],"was":[31,39,58,66,105,186,194],"0.2%":[32],"(w/w),":[33],"and":[34,84,112,145,155,243,280,288,304],"best":[36],"application":[37,141],"frequency":[38],"once":[40],"a":[41,150],"day.":[42],"Higher":[43],"concentrations":[45,92,136,148,201,224,238],"suppressed":[46],"growth,":[47],"producing":[48],"severe":[49],"leaf":[50],"damage.":[51],"observed":[54,62],"with":[55,175,215,231,296],"foliar":[56,78,100,140,177,251,297],"less":[59],"than":[60,210],"that":[61,190,259,276,290],"when":[63,191],"inorganic":[64],"supplied":[67],"to":[68,127,272,284,292,302,306],"nutrient":[70,198,220],"solution.":[71,199,221],"Tomato":[72],"seedlings":[73],"absorbed":[74,279],"75%":[75],"within":[81,86,131],"12":[82,110,153],"hours":[83,88,111,117,154],"99%":[85],"24":[87,116],"after":[89,99,118,139,152,234],"application.":[90,101,119],"Urea":[91],"plant":[95],"tissues":[96,204],"increased":[97,138,244],"rapidly":[98],"maximum":[103,151],"obtained":[106,174],"shoots":[108,247],"at":[109,115,265],"roots":[114],"After":[120],"that,":[121],"tissue":[125],"declined":[126,239],"its":[128],"original":[129],"value":[130],"48":[132],"hours.":[133],"Tissue":[134],"ammonium":[135,147],"also":[137],"urea.":[143,254],"Shoot":[144],"root":[146],"reached":[149],"stayed":[156],"constant":[157],"for":[158],"remainder":[160],"48-hour":[163],"observation":[164],"period.":[165],"long-term":[168],"experiment":[169],"(5":[170],"weeks),":[171],"daily":[176],"applications":[178,252],"only":[187],"10%":[188],"mineral":[192,216,232],"available":[195],"Ammonium":[200],"urea-treated":[206],"plants":[207,213,229,242,249],"were":[208,225],"higher":[209,227],"those":[211],"treated":[214,230],"Although":[222],"initially":[226],"N,":[233],"2":[235],"weeks":[236],"these":[241],"receiving":[250],"These":[255],"results":[256],"indicate":[257],"1)":[258],"can":[263],"supply":[264],"least":[266],"part":[267],"required":[271],"sustain":[273],"growth;":[274],"2)":[275],"is":[278,299],"assimilated":[281],"fast":[282],"enough":[283],"alleviate":[285],"deprivation;":[287],"3)":[289],"failure":[291],"promote":[293],"rapid":[294],"probably":[300],"due":[301],"phytotoxicity":[303],"not":[305],"deprivation.":[308]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}