{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2183779905","doi":null,"title":"Time-Compressed Professionalization: The Experience of Public School Sign Language Interpreters in Mountain-Plains States","display_name":"Time-Compressed Professionalization: The Experience of Public School Sign Language Interpreters in Mountain-Plains States","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-04-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2183779905","mag":"2183779905"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/27047","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-04202005-214442/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400248","display_name":"VTechWorks (Virginia Tech)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","host_organization_name":"Virginia Tech","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dissertation"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090810720","display_name":"Laurie A. Bolster","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Laurie A. Bolster","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090810720"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11285","display_name":"Hearing Impairment and Communication","score":0.3684000074863434,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11285","display_name":"Hearing Impairment and Communication","score":0.3684000074863434,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11514","display_name":"Disability Education and Employment","score":0.32670000195503235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12345","display_name":"Adult and Continuing Education Topics","score":0.13699999451637268,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sign-language-interpreting","display_name":"sign language interpreting","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-interpreting","display_name":"educational interpreting","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professionalization","display_name":"professionalization","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpreting-standards","display_name":"interpreting standards","score":0.46799999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distance-education","display_name":"distance education","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adult-learning","display_name":"adult learning","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"resilience","score":0.49300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communities-of-practice","display_name":"communities of practice","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deaf-education","display_name":"deaf education","score":0.5479999780654907}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781334022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355523","display_name":"Professionalization","level":2,"score":0.881170392036438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122783720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183065","display_name":"Interpreter","level":2,"score":0.8213490843772888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522192633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34228","display_name":"Sign language","level":2,"score":0.6359537839889526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139676723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193832","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6189824342727661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3915686011314392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.3687475025653839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3281422555446625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.3214787244796753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.32035911083221436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.14695051312446594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.11858400702476501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08535948395729065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.08334442973136902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.05946707725524902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/27047","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-04202005-214442/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400248","display_name":"VTechWorks (Virginia Tech)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","host_organization_name":"Virginia Tech","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dissertation"},{"id":"mag:2183779905","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-04202005-214442/unrestricted/LaurieBolster.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.9235000014305115,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W85986876","https://openalex.org/W305531394","https://openalex.org/W316602061","https://openalex.org/W348623255","https://openalex.org/W349381763","https://openalex.org/W433070952","https://openalex.org/W576478785","https://openalex.org/W576629680","https://openalex.org/W579499519","https://openalex.org/W584861639","https://openalex.org/W602733331","https://openalex.org/W612540183","https://openalex.org/W615219905","https://openalex.org/W644314650","https://openalex.org/W1483147224","https://openalex.org/W1489474868","https://openalex.org/W1507004422","https://openalex.org/W1515594510","https://openalex.org/W1535807333","https://openalex.org/W1585579486","https://openalex.org/W1587670526","https://openalex.org/W1607670740","https://openalex.org/W1929509236","https://openalex.org/W1965814297","https://openalex.org/W1969294610","https://openalex.org/W1975884409","https://openalex.org/W1986309999","https://openalex.org/W2032660632","https://openalex.org/W2044549242","https://openalex.org/W2046682842","https://openalex.org/W2048419664","https://openalex.org/W2055668430","https://openalex.org/W2058107732","https://openalex.org/W2076303393","https://openalex.org/W2081926115","https://openalex.org/W2083832145","https://openalex.org/W2097069170","https://openalex.org/W2102463240","https://openalex.org/W2122399640","https://openalex.org/W2133137903","https://openalex.org/W2135030182","https://openalex.org/W2139137291","https://openalex.org/W2139763851","https://openalex.org/W2145273611","https://openalex.org/W2152873914","https://openalex.org/W2164599981","https://openalex.org/W2164622872","https://openalex.org/W2166269070","https://openalex.org/W2416541118","https://openalex.org/W2593574957","https://openalex.org/W2601009581"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7005612110","https://openalex.org/W411816134","https://openalex.org/W1929509236","https://openalex.org/W2604997565","https://openalex.org/W7099021583","https://openalex.org/W2793380305","https://openalex.org/W7098152631","https://openalex.org/W3041469694","https://openalex.org/W7008573205","https://openalex.org/W2788746226"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Rapid":[0],"establishment":[1],"of":[2,26,46,51,101,130,157,169,184,187,196,225,262,271,291,326,352],"interpreting":[3,85,350,395],"skill":[4,86,104,396],"and":[5,54,72,87,105,116,138,161,239,249,281,288,317,346,376,424,428],"knowledge":[6,88,106,280],"standards":[7,83],"for":[8,19,33,39,84,247,266,373,417],"public":[9],"school":[10,309],"sign":[11],"language":[12],"interpreters":[13,40,95,203],"has":[14],"created":[15],"a":[16,127,165,185,190,210,217,223,260,357,415],"virtual":[17],"mandate":[18],"their":[20,159,197,292,382,399,426],"immediate,":[21],"time-compressed,":[22],"professionalization.":[23],"A":[24,402],"series":[25],"federal":[27],"laws":[28],"requiring":[29],"accessibility":[30],"to":[31,67,75,98,121,136,146,182,286,304,307,313,362,393,408],"communication":[32],"deaf":[34],"people":[35,47,367],"have":[36,56,79,96,117,125,369],"escalated":[37],"demand":[38],"far":[41],"beyond":[42],"the":[43,140,194,254,268,272,308,327,348,365,370,374,377],"supply.":[44],"Thousands":[45],"with":[48,204,302],"varying":[49],"levels":[50],"knowledge,":[52],"skill,":[53],"experience,":[55,273],"been":[57,81],"drawn":[58],"into":[59,300,341],"service":[60],"in":[61,91,114,193,319,419],"schools":[62],"without":[63],"professional":[64],"preparation.":[65],"Responding":[66],"specialized":[68],"research,":[69,221],"evaluation,":[70],"technology,":[71],"education":[73,160,420],"related":[74],"educational":[76,202],"interpreting,":[77],"states":[78],"quickly":[80],"establishing":[82],"including":[89],"phased":[90],"degree":[92],"requirements.":[93],"Educational":[94],"had":[97],"find":[99],"ways":[100],"gaining":[102],"necessary":[103],"rapidly,":[107],"even":[108],"though":[109],"they":[110],"typically":[111,321],"work":[112,176],"full-time,":[113],"isolation,":[115],"little":[118],"ready":[119],"access":[120],"resources.":[122],"Few":[123],"occupations":[124],"experienced":[126,201,297],"juggernaut-like":[128],"transition":[129],"this":[131],"nature,":[132],"leaving":[133],"insufficient":[134],"information":[135],"understand":[137],"address":[139],"phenomenon.":[141],"This":[142],"study":[143,258,405],"was":[144],"designed":[145],"investigate":[147],"what":[148,410],"we":[149],"can":[150],"learn":[151,287,409],"from":[152,253],"adults":[153],"absorbing":[154],"intense":[155],"pressure":[156],"elevating":[158],"skills":[162,282],"unfolding":[163],"on":[164],"daily":[166],"basis,":[167],"most":[168],"whom":[170],"are":[171,364],"already":[172],"experiencing":[173],"\"high-demand":[174],"low-control\"":[175],"environments.":[177],"The":[178,257],"findings":[179],"give":[180],"voice":[181],"members":[183],"field":[186],"practice":[188,353],"at":[189,216],"historic":[191],"point":[192],"professionalization":[195],"field:":[198],"sixty":[199],"five":[200],"diverse":[205],"foundational":[206],"preparation":[207],"who":[208,368,387],"completed":[209],"specialized,":[211],"two-year,":[212],"inservice":[213],"program":[214,344],"delivered":[215],"distance.":[218],"Online":[219],"survey":[220],"using":[222,237],"variety":[224,261],"response":[226],"formats":[227],"complemented":[228],"by":[229],"open-ended":[230],"questions,":[231],"generated":[232],"data":[233],"which":[234,274],"were":[235],"analyzed":[236],"descriptive":[238],"analytic":[240],"statistics":[241],"as":[242,244,356,381],"well":[243],"coding":[245],"schemes":[246],"themes":[248],"patterns":[250],"that":[251,335,347,421],"emerged":[252],"qualitative":[255],"data.":[256],"illuminated":[259],"challenges,":[263],"successes,":[264],"and,":[265],"some,":[267],"transformative":[269],"nature":[270],"warrants":[275],"further":[276],"study.":[277],"Beyond":[278],"acquiring":[279],"participants":[283],"learned":[284],"how":[285],"achieved":[289],"self-realization":[290],"resilience":[293],"points.":[294],"They":[295],"especially":[296],"themselves":[298,312],"transforming":[299],"professionals":[301],"abilities":[303],"actively":[305],"contribute":[306],"environment,":[310],"reporting":[311],"be":[314,339,354],"informed,":[315],"competent,":[316],"confident":[318],"all":[320],"expected":[322],"roles.":[323],"Challenges":[324],"typical":[325],"adult":[328,336],"distance":[329],"learner":[330],"abounded.":[331],"It":[332],"is":[333,406],"recommended":[334,407],"learning":[337,358],"principles":[338],"incorporated":[340],"any":[342],"such":[343],"design,":[345],"wider":[349],"community":[351],"expanded":[355],"resource.":[359],"Equally":[360],"important":[361],"recognize":[363],"many":[366],"same":[371,378],"enthusiasms":[372],"work,":[375],"professionalizing":[379],"experiences":[380],"more":[383],"skilled":[384,392],"peers,":[385],"but":[386],"may":[388],"never":[389],"become":[390],"sufficiently":[391],"pass":[394],"exams":[397],"or":[398],"state":[400],"standards.":[401],"follow":[403],"up":[404],"emerges":[411],"next.":[412],"Is":[413],"there":[414],"place":[416],"them":[418],"fully":[422],"acknowledges":[423],"uses":[425],"experience":[427],"competencies?":[429]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-27T08:07:27.782135","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}