{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2183530688","doi":null,"title":"Designing Government Policies to Expand Financial Inclusion: Evidence from Around the World","display_name":"Designing Government Policies to Expand Financial Inclusion: Evidence from Around the World","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2183530688","mag":"2183530688"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.exchange.isb.edu:878","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.exchange.isb.edu/id/eprint/878/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196660","display_name":"Digital Eprints Services at ISB (DESI) (Indian School of Business)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122328836","host_organization_name":"Indian School of Business","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122328836"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Monograph"},"volume":null,"type":"book","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025341900","display_name":"Shilpa Aggarwal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6847-6628","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6847-6628"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shilpa Aggarwal","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6847-6628","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038881190","display_name":"Leora F. Klapper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3454-3279","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3454-3279"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leora Klapper","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3454-3279","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4481,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":66,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94193166,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10987","display_name":"Microfinance and Financial Inclusion","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10987","display_name":"Microfinance and Financial Inclusion","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11995","display_name":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10517","display_name":"Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-inclusion","display_name":"financial inclusion","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/banking-access","display_name":"banking access","score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-exclusion","display_name":"financial exclusion","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-regulation","display_name":"financial regulation","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regulatory-policy","display_name":"regulatory policy","score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-product-innovation","display_name":"financial product innovation","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-income-populations","display_name":"low-income populations","score":0.5350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-services-for-the-poor","display_name":"financial services for the poor","score":0.5070000290870667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779251847","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60852","display_name":"Financial inclusion","level":3,"score":0.8474622964859009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5697696208953857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51575053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72468","display_name":"Bureaucracy","level":3,"score":0.5606130361557007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109359841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728944","display_name":"Inclusion (mineral)","level":2,"score":0.5353994965553284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139043278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837171","display_name":"Financial services","level":2,"score":0.5118119120597839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.49333062767982483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.44385087490081787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4192188084125519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.3964715600013733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3519161641597748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.32857656478881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.32280319929122925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.19445770978927612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.12280133366584778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.08311712741851807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.exchange.isb.edu:878","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.exchange.isb.edu/id/eprint/878/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196660","display_name":"Digital Eprints Services at ISB (DESI) (Indian School of Business)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122328836","host_organization_name":"Indian School of Business","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122328836"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Monograph"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.594.9694","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.594.9694","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://people.ucsc.edu/~saggarw1/files/Aggarwal-Shilpa-Klapper-Leora-WBRO.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2183530688","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.isb.edu/faculty/shilpa_aggarwal/files/shilpa-aggarwal-leora-klapper.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7578999996185303},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.4399999976158142}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.699999988079071}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W51379368","https://openalex.org/W276415786","https://openalex.org/W810218138","https://openalex.org/W1499136734","https://openalex.org/W1505093770","https://openalex.org/W1531177178","https://openalex.org/W1557975231","https://openalex.org/W1576857787","https://openalex.org/W1577608858","https://openalex.org/W1580793027","https://openalex.org/W1581896506","https://openalex.org/W1583268898","https://openalex.org/W1597088551","https://openalex.org/W1604229002","https://openalex.org/W1790743245","https://openalex.org/W1804644284","https://openalex.org/W1929897858","https://openalex.org/W1958807110","https://openalex.org/W2010661637","https://openalex.org/W2038997706","https://openalex.org/W2050077818","https://openalex.org/W2052902050","https://openalex.org/W2096517822","https://openalex.org/W2111631640","https://openalex.org/W2111984566","https://openalex.org/W2118769226","https://openalex.org/W2136414740","https://openalex.org/W2138672743","https://openalex.org/W2143037443","https://openalex.org/W2150119583","https://openalex.org/W2153557264","https://openalex.org/W2155622524","https://openalex.org/W2156809834","https://openalex.org/W2161273099","https://openalex.org/W2167825607","https://openalex.org/W2171227005","https://openalex.org/W2196456430","https://openalex.org/W2600886898","https://openalex.org/W2891406887","https://openalex.org/W2937373674","https://openalex.org/W3121287205","https://openalex.org/W3121526266","https://openalex.org/W3121682129","https://openalex.org/W3121891159","https://openalex.org/W3122916816","https://openalex.org/W3123183289","https://openalex.org/W3123192902","https://openalex.org/W3123630654","https://openalex.org/W3123702155","https://openalex.org/W3124642521","https://openalex.org/W3124942334","https://openalex.org/W3125887130"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1962207485","https://openalex.org/W2034928611","https://openalex.org/W4239418069","https://openalex.org/W7211873794","https://openalex.org/W2685570666","https://openalex.org/W4308264786","https://openalex.org/W4380896685","https://openalex.org/W4417475630","https://openalex.org/W4407546645","https://openalex.org/W7147003519"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract:":[0],"Half":[1],"of":[2,60,84],"the":[3,12,19,50,58,80,89],"world\u2019s":[4],"adult":[5],"population":[6],"is":[7],"excluded":[8],"from":[9],"using":[10],"even":[11],"most":[13],"basic":[14],"formal":[15,41,61,85],"financial":[16,75,86],"services,":[17],"despite":[18],"large":[20],"potential":[21],"benefits":[22],"(Chaia":[23],"et":[24],"al.,":[25],"2009;":[26],"Demirguc-Kunt":[27],"and":[28,43,54,67,82],"Klapper,":[29],"2012).":[30],"This":[31],"paper":[32],"discusses":[33],"some":[34,65],"common":[35],"reasons":[36],"behind":[37],"not":[38],"having":[39],"a":[40],"account":[42],"reviews":[44],"regulatory":[45],"policies":[46],"introduced":[47],"to":[48,57,73],"remove":[49],"physical,":[51],"bureaucratic,":[52],"financial,":[53],"trust":[55],"barriers":[56],"use":[59,83],"accounts.":[62],"We":[63],"summarize":[64],"public":[66],"private":[68],"sector":[69],"product":[70],"innovations":[71],"designed":[72],"expand":[74],"inclusion\u2014defined":[76],"here":[77],"narrowly":[78],"as":[79],"ownership":[81],"accounts\u2014particularly":[87],"for":[88],"poor.":[90]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}