{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2183271045","doi":null,"title":"Effects of Methylmercury Exposure on the Immune and Neurological Responses of Mice to Toxoplasma gondii Infection","display_name":"Effects of Methylmercury Exposure on the Immune and Neurological Responses of Mice to Toxoplasma gondii Infection","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-06-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2183271045","mag":"2183271045"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/28188","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28188","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28188","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400248","display_name":"VTechWorks (Virginia Tech)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","host_organization_name":"Virginia Tech","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dissertation"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28188","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060042176","display_name":"Marquea D. King","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marquea D. King","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089519966","display_name":"Marion F. Ehrich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5466-4203","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5466-4203"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marion Ehrich","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5466-4203","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091474005","display_name":"David Scott Lindsay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0592-8321","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0592-8321"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David S. Lindsay","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0592-8321","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11155","display_name":"Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies","score":0.9702000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11155","display_name":"Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies","score":0.9702000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10819","display_name":"Mercury impact and mitigation studies","score":0.020600000396370888,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14072","display_name":"Immunotoxicology and immune responses","score":0.005200000014156103,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methylmercury","display_name":"methylmercury","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toxoplasma-gondii","display_name":"Toxoplasma gondii","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toxoplasmosis","display_name":"toxoplasmosis","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunotoxicity","display_name":"immunotoxicity","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurotoxicity","display_name":"neurotoxicity","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-parasitic-infection","display_name":"chronic parasitic infection","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cell-subsets","display_name":"T cell subsets","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd4-cd8-t-cells","display_name":"CD4+CD8+ T cells","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebral-toxoplasmosis","display_name":"cerebral toxoplasmosis","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aids","display_name":"AIDS","score":0.5839999914169312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778128430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131003","display_name":"Toxoplasma gondii","level":3,"score":0.9274827241897583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780373914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q414075","display_name":"Methylmercury","level":3,"score":0.7447285056114197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.6617175340652466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.511221170425415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778062946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154878","display_name":"Toxoplasmosis","level":2,"score":0.48008495569229126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4774754047393799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.39952561259269714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3510188162326813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.09162437915802002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.06289035081863403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71572567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864231","display_name":"Bioaccumulation","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/28188","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28188","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28188","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400248","display_name":"VTechWorks (Virginia Tech)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","host_organization_name":"Virginia Tech","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dissertation"},{"id":"mag:2183271045","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07022002-152038/unrestricted/mdk1.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/28188","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28188","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28188","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400248","display_name":"VTechWorks (Virginia Tech)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","host_organization_name":"Virginia Tech","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dissertation"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9940000176429749,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2183271045.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2183271045.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":129,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W7404922","https://openalex.org/W18369313","https://openalex.org/W105240409","https://openalex.org/W164253124","https://openalex.org/W262638111","https://openalex.org/W645260140","https://openalex.org/W658641516","https://openalex.org/W1458634991","https://openalex.org/W1481682126","https://openalex.org/W1482306167","https://openalex.org/W1508358616","https://openalex.org/W1553735692","https://openalex.org/W1568221046","https://openalex.org/W1585855515","https://openalex.org/W1586113822","https://openalex.org/W1760050006","https://openalex.org/W1965399139","https://openalex.org/W1967026830","https://openalex.org/W1967181499","https://openalex.org/W1968257783","https://openalex.org/W1969549158","https://openalex.org/W1970342920","https://openalex.org/W1972394760","https://openalex.org/W1974509562","https://openalex.org/W1975481676","https://openalex.org/W1976082811","https://openalex.org/W1977372365","https://openalex.org/W1978073289","https://openalex.org/W1980921633","https://openalex.org/W1981199036","https://openalex.org/W1982307303","https://openalex.org/W1982505600","https://openalex.org/W1982954912","https://openalex.org/W1985458723","https://openalex.org/W1987813780","https://openalex.org/W1988389176","https://openalex.org/W1995158655","https://openalex.org/W1996586383","https://openalex.org/W1998153902","https://openalex.org/W2002671253","https://openalex.org/W2003373405","https://openalex.org/W2003410389","https://openalex.org/W2005384465","https://openalex.org/W2005900646","https://openalex.org/W2006057621","https://openalex.org/W2007891535","https://openalex.org/W2010152255","https://openalex.org/W2012968524","https://openalex.org/W2013529252","https://openalex.org/W2013706308","https://openalex.org/W2019552781","https://openalex.org/W2021262651","https://openalex.org/W2026288330","https://openalex.org/W2026955134","https://openalex.org/W2028364970","https://openalex.org/W2029009859","https://openalex.org/W2030636678","https://openalex.org/W2032043288","https://openalex.org/W2032841808","https://openalex.org/W2036715601","https://openalex.org/W2037313828","https://openalex.org/W2038560970","https://openalex.org/W2039760712","https://openalex.org/W2040088376","https://openalex.org/W2040359591","https://openalex.org/W2041451553","https://openalex.org/W2043452835","https://openalex.org/W2045930479","https://openalex.org/W2049642730","https://openalex.org/W2050475563","https://openalex.org/W2053397648","https://openalex.org/W2056220723","https://openalex.org/W2060238076","https://openalex.org/W2061065493","https://openalex.org/W2061236408","https://openalex.org/W2064742122","https://openalex.org/W2065654101","https://openalex.org/W2069510345","https://openalex.org/W2071923242","https://openalex.org/W2074906975","https://openalex.org/W2075168382","https://openalex.org/W2075325280","https://openalex.org/W2075720045","https://openalex.org/W2075720220","https://openalex.org/W2078946145","https://openalex.org/W2080076865","https://openalex.org/W2081298113","https://openalex.org/W2081984539","https://openalex.org/W2085029561","https://openalex.org/W2086116450","https://openalex.org/W2087660497","https://openalex.org/W2088695229","https://openalex.org/W2090453726","https://openalex.org/W2092799032","https://openalex.org/W2093833082","https://openalex.org/W2094391811","https://openalex.org/W2095519131","https://openalex.org/W2110055846","https://openalex.org/W2114651625","https://openalex.org/W2114934955","https://openalex.org/W2115291057","https://openalex.org/W2115347116","https://openalex.org/W2115611947","https://openalex.org/W2124142643","https://openalex.org/W2128650292","https://openalex.org/W2133868033","https://openalex.org/W2138205135","https://openalex.org/W2142713800","https://openalex.org/W2153496894","https://openalex.org/W2155240699","https://openalex.org/W2166333708","https://openalex.org/W2169756811","https://openalex.org/W2200761977","https://openalex.org/W2312779516","https://openalex.org/W2396720782","https://openalex.org/W2400264932","https://openalex.org/W2401209943","https://openalex.org/W2403003392","https://openalex.org/W2409798229","https://openalex.org/W2416414309","https://openalex.org/W2417062091","https://openalex.org/W2417389475","https://openalex.org/W2418457123","https://openalex.org/W2437927319","https://openalex.org/W2440395886","https://openalex.org/W2505875792","https://openalex.org/W2900138302","https://openalex.org/W4246887305","https://openalex.org/W4409136097"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7099922646","https://openalex.org/W4247943950","https://openalex.org/W2362364903","https://openalex.org/W2071695114","https://openalex.org/W121829887","https://openalex.org/W1971503220","https://openalex.org/W7120887173","https://openalex.org/W7120407444","https://openalex.org/W4285031307","https://openalex.org/W2402037461"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Toxoplasma":[0],"gondii":[1,40,141,146,182,202,289,351,384,394,479,507,538],"is":[2,26,57],"a":[3,27,58,100,143,159,210,278,286,348,356,365,457,535],"protozoan":[4],"parasite":[5],"that":[6,61,96,403,541],"causes":[7,67],"life-threatening":[8],"disease":[9],"in":[10,31,45,63,116,129,158,283,334,359,370,415,430,460,462,471,492,501,522],"congenitally":[11],"infected":[12,37],"infants":[13],"and":[14,66,70,81,127,139,152,203,220,244,342,382,411,440,446,452,480,489,495,508,547,553],"immunocompromised":[15],"patients,":[16],"such":[17],"as":[18,408],"those":[19],"inflicted":[20],"with":[21,38,125,209,238,249,285,345,439,534],"AIDS.":[22],"Toxoplasmic":[23],"encephalitis":[24],"(TE)":[25],"common":[28,84],"presenting":[29],"condition":[30],"an":[32],"AIDS":[33],"infection.":[34,147,352],"People":[35],"become":[36],"T.":[39,140,145,181,288,350,383,393,418,478,506,537,548],"by":[41,49,53,246,304,566],"ingesting":[42,50],"tissue":[43,183,372],"cysts":[44,184],"undercooked":[46],"meats":[47],"or":[48,189,267,330,346,525],"oocysts":[51],"excreted":[52],"cats.":[54],"Methylmercury":[55],"(MeHg)":[56],"well-documented":[59],"neurotoxicant":[60],"accumulates":[62],"the":[64,111,165,186,198,228,239,298,310,327,335,376,404,433,463,472,493,502,562],"brain":[65,371,405],"severe":[68],"mental":[69],"visual":[71],"dysfunction,":[72],"including":[73],"chronic":[74,144,160,287,442,536],"encephalopathy.":[75],"Consumption":[76],"of":[77,86,104,155,172,185,197,213,218,242,254,281,421,426,436,448,485,528,555],"contaminated":[78],"fish,":[79],"grains,":[80],"seeds":[82],"are":[83],"sources":[85],"human":[87],"exposure":[88,98,157,276,305,476,556],"to":[89,99,113,136,277,306,379,423,477,505,532,544],"methylmercury.":[90],"Studies":[91],"from":[92,227,499,520],"our":[93],"laboratory":[94],"suggest":[95],"oral":[97,247],"single":[101,151,166,211,279,524],"high":[102,167],"dose":[103,168,212,231,280,552],"20":[105,214],"mg/kg":[106,215,251],"MeHg":[107,138,156,219,230,255,271,282,321,338,353,381,427,529,546],"does":[108],"not":[109,513],"increase":[110,369],"susceptibility":[112],"acute":[114],"toxoplasmosis":[115],"CBA/J":[117,133,175,437],"mice.":[118],"Therefore,":[119],"we":[120],"further":[121],"investigated":[122],"endpoints":[123],"associated":[124],"immunotoxicity":[126],"neurotoxicity":[128],"6-week":[130],"old,":[131],"female":[132,174],"mice":[134,176,261,284,416,422,438,533],"exposed":[135,378,504],"both":[137,150,380,545],"during":[142],"We":[148],"examined":[149],"multiple":[153,229,424,526],"doses":[154,425,527],"parasitic":[161],"infection":[162,290,539],"model.":[163],"In":[164],"study,":[169],"four":[170,199],"groups":[171,200,243,503],"six-week-old,":[173],"were":[177,206,233,262,316,413,530],"either":[178],"fed":[179],"25":[180],"ME-49":[187],"strain":[188],"given":[190,417,531],"vehicle.":[191],"Six":[192],"weeks":[193],"later,":[194],"two":[195],"out":[196],"(T.":[201],"vehicle":[204],"control)":[205],"orally":[207],"gavaged":[208],"body":[216,252,361],"weight":[217,253],"sacrificed":[221,263],"seven":[222],"days":[223,257],"post":[224],"exposure.":[225,272],"Experiments":[226],"study":[232],"performed":[234],"under":[235],"similar":[236],"conditions":[237],"same":[240],"number":[241,461],"dosed":[245],"gavage":[248],"8":[250],"on":[256,264,326,432,551,561],"0,":[258],"2,4,7,10,13.":[259],"These":[260],"day":[265],"17":[266],"18":[268],"after":[269],"initiating":[270],"Flow":[273,482],"cytometry":[274],"following":[275,474],"revealed":[291],"significant":[292,324,357,366,516],"changes":[293],"(P":[294,318,367],"<":[295],"0.05)":[296],"within":[297,375],"T":[299,313],"cell":[300,314,332],"subpopulation":[301],"percentages":[302],"caused":[303,355],"MeHg.":[307,481,509],"For":[308],"example,":[309],"thymic":[311],"CD4+CD8+":[312],"subpopulations":[315,333,455],"increased":[317,339],"<0.05).":[319],"However,":[320],"had":[322,557],"no":[323],"effect":[325],"CD4+CD8-,":[328,450],"CD4-CD8+,":[329,451],"non-T":[331],"spleen.":[336],"Furthermore,":[337],"splenic":[340],"cellularity":[341,445,467],"spleen-to-body-weight":[343],"ratios":[344],"without":[347,441],"concurrent":[349,475,542],"also":[354,428,469],"decrease":[358,459],"mouse":[360],"weight.":[362],"There":[363],"was":[364,406,468],"<0.05)":[368],"cyst":[373],"counts":[374],"group":[377],"(16":[385],"\u00b1":[386,389,397],"4,":[387],"mean":[388],"SE,":[390],"n=7)":[391],"versus":[392],"alone":[395],"(4":[396],"1,":[398],"n=8).":[399],"Histopathological":[400,510],"examination":[401,484,511],"demonstrated":[402,497],"affected,":[407],"lesions,":[409],"gliosis,":[410],"meningitis":[412],"notable":[414,558],"gondii.":[419],"Exposure":[420],"resulted":[429],"effects":[431],"immune":[434,563],"system":[435,564],"toxoplasmosis.":[443],"Total":[444],"numbers":[447],"CD4+CD8+,":[449],"CD4-CD8-":[453],"T-cell":[454],"show":[456],"marked":[458],"thymus,":[464],"while":[465],"total":[466],"decreased":[470],"spleen":[473,494],"cytometric":[483],"lymphocyte":[486],"populations":[487],"(CD4+":[488],"CD8+":[490],"lymphocytes)":[491],"thymus":[496],"differences":[498],"control":[500],"did":[512],"reveal":[514],"any":[515],"lesions.":[517],"The":[518],"data":[519],"experiments":[521],"which":[523],"indicate":[540],"exposure,":[543],"gondii,":[549],"dependent":[550],"time":[554],"effects,":[559],"especially":[560],"(Supported":[565],"NIH":[567],"Grant":[568],"F36GM20301).":[569]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
