{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2182464074","doi":null,"title":"EVALUATING THE EFFECTS OF FORMAL AND INFORMAL SURVEILLANCE: A RETAILER'S VIEW","display_name":"EVALUATING THE EFFECTS OF FORMAL AND INFORMAL SURVEILLANCE: A RETAILER'S VIEW","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2182464074","mag":"2182464074"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2182464074","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://asbbs.org/files/ASBBS2012V1/PDF/K/KajaloS.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020917654","display_name":"Sami Kajalo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3076-2976","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3076-2976"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sami Kajalo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3076-2976","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059080695","display_name":"Arto Lindblom","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1141-2505","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1141-2505"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arto Lindblom","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1141-2505","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7929,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80148376,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.8960000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.8960000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":0.043699998408555984,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11536","display_name":"Consumer Retail Behavior Studies","score":0.03269999846816063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retail-security","display_name":"retail security","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surveillance","display_name":"surveillance","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informal-surveillance","display_name":"informal surveillance","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crime-prevention-through-environmental-design","display_name":"crime prevention through environmental design","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grocery-stores","display_name":"grocery stores","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceived-security","display_name":"perceived security","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-challenges","display_name":"security challenges","score":0.6460000276565552}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122980154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205555","display_name":"Feeling","level":2,"score":0.8105661869049072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6955353617668152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.4409584403038025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.075619637966156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2182464074","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://asbbs.org/files/ASBBS2012V1/PDF/K/KajaloS.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6601999998092651}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W32157291","https://openalex.org/W63792389","https://openalex.org/W141169638","https://openalex.org/W141766638","https://openalex.org/W616728756","https://openalex.org/W1494989993","https://openalex.org/W1550443206","https://openalex.org/W1559560108","https://openalex.org/W1605209333","https://openalex.org/W1635126245","https://openalex.org/W1665332082","https://openalex.org/W1971410477","https://openalex.org/W1983193982","https://openalex.org/W1988065538","https://openalex.org/W1992193527","https://openalex.org/W1996015453","https://openalex.org/W2004236557","https://openalex.org/W2006960573","https://openalex.org/W2017664264","https://openalex.org/W2019058895","https://openalex.org/W2025752864","https://openalex.org/W2027436181","https://openalex.org/W2035296203","https://openalex.org/W2050907389","https://openalex.org/W2069640615","https://openalex.org/W2086391483","https://openalex.org/W2088442651","https://openalex.org/W2094083916","https://openalex.org/W2096498195","https://openalex.org/W2097230946","https://openalex.org/W2122912498","https://openalex.org/W2134884007","https://openalex.org/W2163988453","https://openalex.org/W2889380888","https://openalex.org/W3125332077","https://openalex.org/W3125446565"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1584947874","https://openalex.org/W2049200756","https://openalex.org/W2077660961","https://openalex.org/W2609247200","https://openalex.org/W7096033026","https://openalex.org/W2012932062","https://openalex.org/W2321511556","https://openalex.org/W2025752864","https://openalex.org/W2069640615","https://openalex.org/W2609097825"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,33,80],"analyzes":[2],"how":[3],"retailers":[4,106],"view":[5],"the":[6,17,27,30,37,117,139,155],"links":[7],"between":[8],"security":[9,20,86,120,142],"problems,":[10],"investments":[11,52,93,101,111,129],"in":[12,46,94,102],"formal":[13,56,95,109],"and":[14,24,26,57,124,146],"informal":[15,58,103,127],"surveillance,":[16],"feeling":[18,118,140],"of":[19,29,36,39,119,141,154],"related":[21,121,143],"to":[22,122,144],"customers":[23,123,145],"employees,":[25],"competitiveness":[28,153],"store.":[31,156],"The":[32,61,79],"utilizes":[34],"elements":[35],"theory":[38],"Crime":[40],"Prevention":[41],"Through":[42],"Environmental":[43],"Design":[44],"(CPTED)":[45],"its":[47],"theoretical":[48,62],"approach.":[49],"Thus,":[50],"surveillance":[51,59,96,110,128],"are":[53],"divided":[54],"into":[55],"investments.":[60],"model":[63],"is":[64],"tested":[65],"using":[66],"structural":[67],"equation":[68],"modeling":[69],"(SEM)":[70],"with":[71],"a":[72,89,113,131,149],"data":[73],"collected":[74],"among":[75],"grocery":[76],"store":[77],"retailers.":[78],"provides":[81],"several":[82],"interesting":[83],"findings.":[84],"First,":[85],"problems":[87],"have":[88,112,130],"positive":[90,132,150],"impact":[91,99,115,151],"on":[92,100,116,152],"but":[97],"no":[98],"surveillance.":[104],"Second,":[105],"perceive":[107,137],"that":[108,138],"negative":[114],"employees":[125,147],"whereas":[126],"impact.":[133],"Third,":[134],"retail":[135],"entrepreneurs":[136],"has":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}