{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2182379911","doi":null,"title":"Examination Malpractice in Secondary Schools in Nigeria: What Sustains It?","display_name":"Examination Malpractice in Secondary Schools in Nigeria: What Sustains It?","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2182379911","mag":"2182379911"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2182379911","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nigeria-education.org/content/examination-malpractice-secondary-schools-nigeria-what-sustains-it-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765047701","display_name":"European Journal of Education Studies","issn_l":"2501-1111","issn":["2501-1111"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4327874097","host_organization_name":"Open Access Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4327874097"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Open Access Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Education Studies","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"http://nigeria-education.org/content/examination-malpractice-secondary-schools-nigeria-what-sustains-it-0","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013350072","display_name":"B. O. Jimoh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2594-4633","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2594-4633"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. O. Jimoh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055630467","display_name":"Nader Ale Ebrahim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7091-4439","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7091-4439"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nader Ale Ebrahim","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7091-4439","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047615104","display_name":"Shahin Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1829-3152","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1829-3152"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahin Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1829-3152","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zakaria Taha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1874-1424","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1874-1424"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zakaria Taha","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1874-1424","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032693024","display_name":"Orrin Jolly","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Orrin Jolly","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005845959","display_name":"Oyaziwo Omon Aluede","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1667-9954","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1667-9954"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oyaziwo Aluede","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1667-9954","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022786992","display_name":"Ojugo Ai","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ojugo Ai","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101545174","display_name":"Arzu G\u00fcler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4177-2926","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4177-2926"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arzu G\u00fcler","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4177-2926","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058671909","display_name":"S. Buyurgan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Buyurgan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057924428","display_name":"Saadet Ula\u015fo\u011flu \u0130mamo\u011flu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1495-6877","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1495-6877"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saadet Ula\u015fo\u011flu \u0130mamo\u011flu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1495-6877","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.5632,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96293554,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11492","display_name":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","score":0.9247999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11492","display_name":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","score":0.9247999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12204","display_name":"African Education and Politics","score":0.07320000231266022,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11042","display_name":"Corruption and Economic Development","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/examination-malpractice","display_name":"examination malpractice","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cheating-behavior","display_name":"cheating","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-schools","display_name":"secondary schools","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nigeria","display_name":"Nigeria","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/examination-integrity","display_name":"examination integrity","score":0.5239999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-misbehavior","display_name":"student misbehavior","score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parent-and-teacher-involvement","display_name":"teacher and parent involvement","score":0.6330000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776798817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318836","display_name":"Malpractice","level":2,"score":0.9140403270721436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780224610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530061","display_name":"Credibility","level":2,"score":0.8118581771850586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778024590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357432","display_name":"Cheating","level":2,"score":0.7745867371559143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780587575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6875295","display_name":"Misconduct","level":2,"score":0.6685249209403992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527108885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835153","display_name":"Physical examination","level":2,"score":0.4470663368701935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993069335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical examination","level":2,"score":0.41159743070602417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4043443500995636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.39544856548309326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.34968888759613037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.3376796543598175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.28332263231277466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.213003009557724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.14100345969200134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.1169532835483551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.0987899899482727}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2182379911","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nigeria-education.org/content/examination-malpractice-secondary-schools-nigeria-what-sustains-it-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765047701","display_name":"European Journal of Education Studies","issn_l":"2501-1111","issn":["2501-1111"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4327874097","host_organization_name":"Open Access Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4327874097"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Open Access Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Education Studies","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:2182379911","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nigeria-education.org/content/examination-malpractice-secondary-schools-nigeria-what-sustains-it-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765047701","display_name":"European Journal of Education Studies","issn_l":"2501-1111","issn":["2501-1111"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4327874097","host_organization_name":"Open Access Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4327874097"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Open Access Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Education Studies","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.833299994468689},{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8278999924659729}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972922514"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2619914279","https://openalex.org/W2910889923","https://openalex.org/W4250148470","https://openalex.org/W2151532691","https://openalex.org/W7217561332","https://openalex.org/W2000524337","https://openalex.org/W4402806472","https://openalex.org/W7217635919","https://openalex.org/W2559651519","https://openalex.org/W4313203775"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"Nigeria,":[1,96],"the":[2,55,69,75,87,100,106,121,125],"last":[3],"two":[4],"decades":[5],"have":[6],"witnessed":[7],"an":[8],"alarming":[9],"rate":[10],"of":[11,15,25,28,65,77,82,89,102],"increase":[12],"in":[13,92,95,115,124],"incidents":[14,27],"examination":[16,29,47,72,90,103,110,122],"misconduct":[17],"especially":[18],"at":[19,49],"secondary":[20,93],"school":[21,57],"level.":[22],"Evidences":[23],"abound":[24],"increasing":[26],"malpractice":[30,37,91,104,111],"by":[31],"students,":[32],"teachers":[33],"and":[34,52,79,105],"parents.":[35],"Examination":[36],"has":[38],"become":[39],"so":[40],"widespread":[41],"that":[42,59],"there":[43,60],"is":[44,61],"virtually":[45],"no":[46,62],"anywhere":[48],"all":[50],"levels":[51],"even":[53],"outside":[54],"formal":[56],"system":[58],"one":[63],"form":[64],"sharp":[66],"practice":[67],"or":[68],"other.":[70],"Every":[71],"season":[73],"witnesses":[74],"emergence":[76],"new":[78],"ingenious":[80],"ways":[81,107],"cheating.":[83],"This":[84],"paper":[85],"addresses":[86],"problem":[88],"schools":[94],"what":[97],"sustains":[98],"it,":[99],"consequences":[101],"through":[108],"which":[109],"could":[112],"be":[113],"curbed":[114],"order":[116],"to":[117,120],"give":[118],"credibility":[119],"process":[123],"country.":[126]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}