{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2182157294","doi":null,"title":"Tactics of Politeness in Personal E-mails","display_name":"Tactics of Politeness in Personal E-mails","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2182157294","mag":"2182157294"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2182157294","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://euacademic.org/uploadarticle/114.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072460623","display_name":"Muayyad Omran Chiad","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muayyad Omran Chiad","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072460623"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.117,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89525457,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10383","display_name":"Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies","score":0.9169999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10383","display_name":"Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies","score":0.9169999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13155","display_name":"Digital Communication and Language","score":0.04839999973773956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13538","display_name":"Linguistics and Language Analysis","score":0.029500000178813934,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politeness","display_name":"politeness","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/email","display_name":"email","score":0.4740000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positive-politeness","display_name":"positive politeness","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negative-politeness","display_name":"negative politeness","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/request-strategies","display_name":"request strategies","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indirect-requests","display_name":"indirect requests","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-requests","display_name":"direct requests","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"face","score":0.40400001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpersonal-communication","display_name":"interpersonal communication","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-mediated-communication","display_name":"computer-mediated communication","score":0.6520000100135803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61123122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q281287","display_name":"Politeness","level":2,"score":0.9747895002365112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58393919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7210152","display_name":"Politeness theory","level":3,"score":0.7462433576583862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6725642085075378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1792644","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","level":2,"score":0.5731623768806458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.524774968624115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409113","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","level":2,"score":0.48358434438705444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.47969815135002136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.4595531225204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.4422713816165924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4285421371459961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4234771132469177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.40506118535995483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3914740979671478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.12880131602287292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.09275075793266296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2182157294","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://euacademic.org/uploadarticle/114.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W652812128","https://openalex.org/W1489270652","https://openalex.org/W1659701168","https://openalex.org/W1966999206","https://openalex.org/W1974543382","https://openalex.org/W1976153510","https://openalex.org/W1988141133","https://openalex.org/W1988490995","https://openalex.org/W2086299222","https://openalex.org/W2090411903","https://openalex.org/W2105334897","https://openalex.org/W2120041244","https://openalex.org/W2143158844","https://openalex.org/W2159035740","https://openalex.org/W2414468490","https://openalex.org/W2799026131","https://openalex.org/W2989765141"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1559837283","https://openalex.org/W1966999206","https://openalex.org/W2068472339","https://openalex.org/W2400579426","https://openalex.org/W3043663526","https://openalex.org/W2910982648","https://openalex.org/W2162256710","https://openalex.org/W577960698","https://openalex.org/W7095828405","https://openalex.org/W7099943586"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2,104],"an":[3,23],"analysis":[4],"of":[5,11,113,118,133],"data":[6],"collected":[7],"on":[8,25,163],"the":[9,31,40,48,52,111,114,119,125,129,134,167,177],"topic":[10],"politeness":[12,84,109,169],"in":[13,47,54,77,89],"personal":[14,148],"electronic":[15,19],"mail":[16],"messages.":[17],"The":[18,43,102],"environment":[20,150],"may":[21],"have":[22],"impact":[24],"communication,":[26],"and":[27,57,69,79,87,92,116,123,136,142,159,171],"this":[28],"consequently":[29],"influences":[30],"way":[32],"people":[33],"adapt":[34],"to":[35,108,128,153,176],"each":[36],"other\u2019s":[37],"face":[38],"during":[39],"interaction":[41],"process.":[42],"researcher":[44],"is":[45],"interested":[46,76],"language":[49,91],"used":[50],"by":[51],"e-mailers":[53],"their":[55,66,90],"initial":[56],"follow":[58],"up":[59],"contacts":[60],"with":[61],"known":[62],"individuals,":[63],"such":[64],"as":[65],"friends,":[67],"families,":[68],"colleagues.":[70],"In":[71],"other":[72],"words,":[73],"we":[74],"are":[75,95,174],"if":[78],"how":[80],"these":[81],"texts":[82],"incorporate":[83],"features,":[85],"positive":[86,156],"negative,":[88],"what":[93],"reasons":[94],"standing":[96],"behind":[97],"increasing":[98],"or":[99],"decreasing":[100],"them.":[101],"study":[103],"a":[105,121],"literature":[106],"relevant":[107],"theory,":[110],"presentation":[112],"nature":[115],"results":[117,145],"analysis,":[120],"discussion":[122],"finally":[124],"findings.":[126],"Due":[127],"flexibility,":[130],"speed,":[131],"informality":[132],"medium":[135],"less":[137],"control":[138],"over":[139],"writing,":[140],"editing,":[141],"sending":[143],"messages,":[144],"show":[146],"that":[147],"e-mail":[149],"enables":[151],"users":[152],"employ":[154],"more":[155],"polite":[157],"style,":[158],"direct":[160],"request":[161],"strategies":[162,170],"one":[164],"hand,":[165],"while":[166],"negative":[168],"indirect":[172],"requests":[173],"kept":[175],"minimum.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
