{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2182054343","doi":null,"title":"Ginkgo biloba for Preventing Cognitive Decline in Older Adults","display_name":"Ginkgo biloba for Preventing Cognitive Decline in Older Adults","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2182054343","mag":"2182054343"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2182054343","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://img2.tapuz.co.il/CommunaFiles/40459062.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053071315","display_name":"Beth Ellen Snitz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9978-1374","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9978-1374"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beth E. Snitz","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9978-1374","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028559413","display_name":"Michelle C. Carlson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2465-7421","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2465-7421"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michelle C. Carlson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2465-7421","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052674061","display_name":"Alice M. Arnold","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9565-0927","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9565-0927"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alice M. Arnold","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9565-0927","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082451996","display_name":"Diane G. Ives","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diane G. Ives","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062691878","display_name":"Stephen R. Rapp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9766-3104","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9766-3104"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen R. Rapp","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9766-3104","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088223178","display_name":"Judith A. Saxton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Judith Saxton","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100619838","display_name":"Oscar L. L\u00f3pez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8546-8256","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8546-8256"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oscar L. L\u00f3pez","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8546-8256","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020028625","display_name":"Leslie O. Dunn","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leslie O. Dunn","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.3093,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95250293,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12846","display_name":"Ginkgo biloba and Cashew Applications","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12846","display_name":"Ginkgo biloba and Cashew Applications","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.005200000014156103,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12891","display_name":"Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection","score":0.002099999925121665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ginkgo-biloba","display_name":"Ginkgo biloba","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-decline","display_name":"cognitive decline","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mild-cognitive-impairment","display_name":"mild cognitive impairment","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory","display_name":"memory","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attention","display_name":"attention","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visuospatial-ability","display_name":"visuospatial ability","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/executive-function","display_name":"executive function","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apoe-epsilon4","display_name":"APOE \u03b54","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-effect-modification","display_name":"treatment effect modification","score":0.5049999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.7483487129211426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6215628385543823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984863031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83030","display_name":"Cognitive decline","level":4,"score":0.616546094417572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5769044160842896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27081682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269829","display_name":"Placebo","level":3,"score":0.553511381149292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.5473707318305969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984915365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141203","display_name":"Cognitive impairment","level":3,"score":0.47976264357566833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.43070662021636963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779483572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83030","display_name":"Dementia","level":3,"score":0.3129766583442688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.19070136547088623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.07939985394477844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2182054343","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://img2.tapuz.co.il/CommunaFiles/40459062.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W165338889","https://openalex.org/W1537015532","https://openalex.org/W1793501383","https://openalex.org/W1941528024","https://openalex.org/W1972200288","https://openalex.org/W1982697297","https://openalex.org/W1991168967","https://openalex.org/W1997077627","https://openalex.org/W1997167741","https://openalex.org/W1999672768","https://openalex.org/W2000555003","https://openalex.org/W2004404678","https://openalex.org/W2010459645","https://openalex.org/W2015004507","https://openalex.org/W2015651365","https://openalex.org/W2021855470","https://openalex.org/W2027137393","https://openalex.org/W2047487074","https://openalex.org/W2055649795","https://openalex.org/W2058053830","https://openalex.org/W2062987239","https://openalex.org/W2067442759","https://openalex.org/W2084134332","https://openalex.org/W2090161678","https://openalex.org/W2104063220","https://openalex.org/W2129679561","https://openalex.org/W2135910109","https://openalex.org/W2136250824","https://openalex.org/W2137665081","https://openalex.org/W2151805017","https://openalex.org/W2159011576","https://openalex.org/W2222865847"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2156220503","https://openalex.org/W2021855470","https://openalex.org/W2167506838","https://openalex.org/W2244183161","https://openalex.org/W4236948700","https://openalex.org/W2070296177","https://openalex.org/W2040504736","https://openalex.org/W2091580568","https://openalex.org/W2030455832","https://openalex.org/W2152415998"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Results":[0],"Annual":[1],"rates":[2,81,98],"of":[3,82,99,116,120],"decline":[4,121],"in":[5,17,97],"z":[6],"scores":[7],"did":[8],"not":[9],"differ":[10],"between":[11,101],"G":[12],"biloba":[13],"and":[14,64,79],"placebo":[15],"groups":[16,103],"any":[18],"domains,":[19],"including":[20],"memory":[21],"(0.043;":[22,34],"95%":[23,30,35,40,46,51,56,61,68,73],"confidence":[24],"interval":[25],"[CI],":[26],"0.034-0.051":[27],"vs":[28,38,49,59,71],"0.041;":[29,60],"CI,":[31,36,41,47,52,57,62,69,74],"0.032-0.050),":[32],"attention":[33],"0.0370.050":[37],"0.048;":[39],"0.041-0.054),":[42],"visuospatial":[43],"abilities":[44],"(0.107;":[45],"0.0970.117":[48],"0.118;":[50],"0.108-0.128),":[53],"language":[54],"(0.045;":[55],"0.037-0.054":[58],"0.033-0.048),":[63],"executive":[65],"functions":[66],"(0.092;":[67],"0.086-0.099":[70],"0.089;":[72],"0.082-0.096).":[75],"For":[76],"the":[77],"3MSE":[78],"ADAS-Cog,":[80,108],"change":[83,100],"varied":[84],"by":[85,122],"baseline":[86,130],"cognitive":[87,90,132],"status":[88],"(mild":[89],"impairment),":[91],"but":[92],"there":[93],"were":[94],"no":[95,112],"differences":[96],"treatment":[102,117],"(for":[104],"3MSE,":[105],"P=.71;":[106],"for":[107],"P=.97).":[109],"There":[110],"was":[111],"significant":[113],"effect":[114],"modification":[115],"on":[118],"rate":[119],"age,":[123],"sex,":[124],"race,":[125],"education,":[126],"APOE*E4":[127],"allele,":[128],"or":[129],"mild":[131],"impairment":[133],"(P.05).":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
