{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2181333907","doi":null,"title":"MECHANISM, DETECTION AND PREVALENCE OF METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IN SAUDI ARABIA","display_name":"MECHANISM, DETECTION AND PREVALENCE OF METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IN SAUDI ARABIA","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2181333907","mag":"2181333907"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2181333907","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.longdom.org/articles/mechanism-detection-and-prevalence-of-methicillinresistant-staphylococcus-aureus-in-saudi-arabia.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306511550","display_name":"Global Journal of Biology, Agriculture & Health Sciences","issn_l":"2319-5584","issn":["2319-5584"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Global Journal of Biology, Agriculture & Health Sciences","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035183719","display_name":"Vinod Kaul","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vinod Kaul","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110256847","display_name":"Saudi Arabia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saudi Arabia","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":"220","last_page":"225"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10195","display_name":"Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10195","display_name":"Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10897","display_name":"Antibiotic Use and Resistance","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10147","display_name":"Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2726","display_name":"Microbiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus","display_name":"methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meca","display_name":"mecA gene","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/penicillin-binding-protein-2a","display_name":"penicillin-binding protein 2a","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mrsa-prevalence","display_name":"MRSA prevalence","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mrsa-surveillance","display_name":"MRSA surveillance","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latex-agglutination","display_name":"latex agglutination test","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pcr-detection","display_name":"PCR detection","score":0.5370000004768372}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776653525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162855","display_name":"Penicillin binding proteins","level":4,"score":0.8033570647239685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11701158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7389099","display_name":"SCCmec","level":5,"score":0.7987847924232483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.7570719718933105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776124114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2353907","display_name":"Cefoxitin","level":4,"score":0.747979998588562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779489039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188121","display_name":"Staphylococcus aureus","level":3,"score":0.6498746871948242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174802600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12190","display_name":"Penicillin","level":3,"score":0.6371553540229797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776634448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206920","display_name":"Peptidoglycan","level":3,"score":0.6161110401153564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777052132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q595158","display_name":"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","level":4,"score":0.590103030204773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.4993405342102051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4483104646205902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771378","display_name":"Anterior nares","level":5,"score":0.428445428609848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94665300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63391344","display_name":"Antibiotic resistance","level":3,"score":0.41250288486480713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3229506015777588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.3125835061073303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.2617567777633667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.060298025608062744}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2181333907","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.longdom.org/articles/mechanism-detection-and-prevalence-of-methicillinresistant-staphylococcus-aureus-in-saudi-arabia.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306511550","display_name":"Global Journal of Biology, Agriculture & Health Sciences","issn_l":"2319-5584","issn":["2319-5584"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Global Journal of Biology, Agriculture & Health Sciences","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9763000011444092}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1872694115","https://openalex.org/W1928822184","https://openalex.org/W1966856181","https://openalex.org/W1988681379","https://openalex.org/W1997818807","https://openalex.org/W2005636153","https://openalex.org/W2009361250","https://openalex.org/W2009605795","https://openalex.org/W2010746820","https://openalex.org/W2015564393","https://openalex.org/W2023096253","https://openalex.org/W2036989796","https://openalex.org/W2045281659","https://openalex.org/W2046450837","https://openalex.org/W2048218195","https://openalex.org/W2048593032","https://openalex.org/W2049904989","https://openalex.org/W2050066382","https://openalex.org/W2050211738","https://openalex.org/W2053886251","https://openalex.org/W2054829690","https://openalex.org/W2056644233","https://openalex.org/W2059901223","https://openalex.org/W2068468311","https://openalex.org/W2083762475","https://openalex.org/W2085851594","https://openalex.org/W2096386408","https://openalex.org/W2113091465","https://openalex.org/W2115127793","https://openalex.org/W2116405474","https://openalex.org/W2121058308","https://openalex.org/W2121259468","https://openalex.org/W2122710851","https://openalex.org/W2125525741","https://openalex.org/W2129886380","https://openalex.org/W2134366416","https://openalex.org/W2135161828","https://openalex.org/W2139076173","https://openalex.org/W2140911881","https://openalex.org/W2141315773","https://openalex.org/W2142156014","https://openalex.org/W2148663866","https://openalex.org/W2151794527","https://openalex.org/W2155169247","https://openalex.org/W2158150512","https://openalex.org/W2159308620","https://openalex.org/W2159444441","https://openalex.org/W2162549023","https://openalex.org/W2163438193","https://openalex.org/W2168384089","https://openalex.org/W2170367123","https://openalex.org/W2174416280","https://openalex.org/W2188693497","https://openalex.org/W2318646163","https://openalex.org/W2409562723"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3110619862","https://openalex.org/W7048536783","https://openalex.org/W2130466443","https://openalex.org/W3038404845","https://openalex.org/W4313307285","https://openalex.org/W1499349476","https://openalex.org/W1857557981","https://openalex.org/W2953180633","https://openalex.org/W2107731465","https://openalex.org/W2100259673"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Methicillin-resistant":[0],"strains":[1,51],"of":[2,10,26,40,92,115,127,155,193,211,218,236],"Staphylococci":[3],"were":[4],"identified":[5],"immediately":[6],"upon":[7],"the":[8,27,38,41,61,84,89,116,124,144,168,191,234,268],"introduction":[9],"methicillin":[11,35,71],"into":[12],"clinical":[13],"practice.":[14],"Resistance":[15],"was":[16,21],"termed":[17],"\u201cintrinsic\u201d":[18],"because":[19],"it":[20],"not":[22],"due":[23],"to":[24,70,102,174,180,183,196],"destruction":[25],"antibiotic":[28],"by":[29,164],"\u03b2lactamase.":[30],"Further":[31],"studies":[32,265],"revealed":[33],"that":[34,67,87,147],"resistance":[36,69],"requires":[37],"presence":[39],"mec":[42,45],"gene.":[43],"The":[44,98,153],"gene":[46,118],"is":[47],"absent":[48],"from":[49,140,167,252],"susceptible":[50],"and":[52,72,119,281],"present":[53],"in":[54,83,199,233,238,247,267],"all":[55],"resistant":[56],"strains.":[57],"Mec":[58],"gene,":[59],"encodes":[60],"penicillin":[62,129],"binding":[63,130],"protein":[64,125,131],"2a":[65],"(PBP2A)":[66],"establishes":[68],"other":[73,241],"semisynthetic":[74],"penicillinase-resistant":[75],"beta-lactams.":[76],"Penicillin-binding":[77],"proteins":[78],"are":[79,108,134,148,221],"peptidase":[80],"enzymes":[81],"located":[82],"bacterial":[85],"membrane":[86],"catalyze":[88],"transpeptidation":[90],"reactions":[91],"peptidoglycan":[93],"during":[94],"cell":[95],"wall":[96],"synthesis.":[97],"most":[99],"accurate":[100],"methods":[101,172],"detect":[103,197],"methicillin-resistant":[104],"S.":[105],"aureus":[106],"(MRSA)":[107],"polymerase":[109],"chain":[110],"reaction":[111],"(PCR),":[112],"for":[113,123,138],"detection":[114],"mecA":[117],"latex":[120],"agglutination":[121],"tests":[122],"product":[126],"mecA,":[128],"2a.":[132],"Cultures":[133],"also":[135],"important":[136],"tool":[137],"surveillance":[139,176,200],"body":[141],"sites":[142],"(mostly":[143],"anterior":[145,169],"nares)":[146],"frequently":[149],"colonized":[150],"with":[151,157,275],"MRSA.":[152],"majority":[154,210],"patients":[156],"asymptomatic":[158],"MRSA":[159,198,212,219,237],"colonization":[160],"will":[161],"be":[162],"detected":[163,258],"screening":[165],"culture":[166],"nares.":[170],"Traditional":[171],"used":[173],"process":[175],"cultures":[177],"take":[178],"48":[179],"72":[181],"hours":[182],"yield":[184],"results.":[185],"However,":[186],"newly":[187],"available":[188],"techniques":[189],"shorten":[190],"amount":[192],"time":[194],"required":[195],"cultures.":[201],"A":[202],"chromogenic":[203],"selective":[204],"agar":[205],"containing":[206],"cefoxitin":[207],"detects":[208],"a":[209,245,272],"isolates":[213],"within":[214],"24":[215],"hours.":[216],"Reports":[217],"infections":[220],"increasing":[222],"worldwide,":[223],"In":[224,249],"Saudi":[225,253],"Arabia,":[226,254],"many":[227],"institutions":[228,242],"have":[229,243],"reported":[230,244],"an":[231],"increase":[232],"incidence":[235],"recent":[239],"years;":[240],"variation":[246,278],"incidence.":[248],"one":[250],"study":[251],"MRSA,":[255],"has":[256],"been":[257],"as":[259,261],"high":[260],"55.3%,":[262],"whereas":[263],"earlier":[264],"conducted":[266],"Jeddah":[269],"hospitals":[270],"showed":[271],"lower":[273],"prevalence,":[274],"only":[276],"minor":[277],"between":[279],"6.5%":[280],"8.9%.":[282]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}