{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2180650370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v28i6.7350","title":"Factors Affecting The Investment Climate For An International Financial Center In Kuwait","display_name":"Factors Affecting The Investment Climate For An International Financial Center In Kuwait","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-10-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2180650370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v28i6.7350","mag":"2180650370"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.19030/jabr.v28i6.7350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v28i6.7350","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v28i6.7350","pdf_url":"https://clutejournals.com/index.php/JABR/article/download/7350/7418","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764593888","display_name":"Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR)","issn_l":"0892-7626","issn":["0892-7626","2157-8834"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4324341412","host_organization_name":"Clute Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4324341412"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Clute Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://clutejournals.com/index.php/JABR/article/download/7350/7418","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052396416","display_name":"Fouad Al-Salem","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179311214","display_name":"Gulf University for Science & Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04d9rzd67","country_code":"KW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179311214"]}],"countries":["KW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fouad Al-Salem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gulf University For Science & Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gulf University For Science & Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179311214"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Mostafa Mohammed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179311214","display_name":"Gulf University for Science & Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04d9rzd67","country_code":"KW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179311214"]}],"countries":["KW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mostafa Mohammed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gulf University For Science & Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gulf University For Science & Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179311214"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179311214"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"6","first_page":"1373","last_page":"1373"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12483","display_name":"Global Urban Networks and Dynamics","score":0.6079000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12483","display_name":"Global Urban Networks and Dynamics","score":0.6079000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10415","display_name":"International Business and FDI","score":0.20360000431537628,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14066","display_name":"Economic Development and Regional Competitiveness","score":0.03020000085234642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/investment-climate","display_name":"investment climate","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-financial-centers","display_name":"international financial centers","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-intermediation","display_name":"financial intermediation","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-innovation","display_name":"financial innovation","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/governance","display_name":"governance","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpersonal-relationships","display_name":"interpersonal relationships","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information","display_name":"information","score":0.5040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kuwait","display_name":"Kuwait","score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mba-students","display_name":"MBA students","score":0.7540000081062317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1792644","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","level":2,"score":0.6167367696762085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778753569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1960395","display_name":"Span (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6016205549240112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.430373877286911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.33031150698661804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1827654242515564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.13810744881629944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.11945086717605591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.11838659644126892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10222822427749634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.19030/jabr.v28i6.7350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v28i6.7350","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v28i6.7350","pdf_url":"https://clutejournals.com/index.php/JABR/article/download/7350/7418","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764593888","display_name":"Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR)","issn_l":"0892-7626","issn":["0892-7626","2157-8834"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4324341412","host_organization_name":"Clute Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4324341412"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Clute Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR)","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.19030/jabr.v28i6.7350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v28i6.7350","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v28i6.7350","pdf_url":"https://clutejournals.com/index.php/JABR/article/download/7350/7418","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764593888","display_name":"Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR)","issn_l":"0892-7626","issn":["0892-7626","2157-8834"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4324341412","host_organization_name":"Clute Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4324341412"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Clute Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2180650370.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2180650370.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W8373828","https://openalex.org/W70448478","https://openalex.org/W83555287","https://openalex.org/W264380750","https://openalex.org/W415566476","https://openalex.org/W649009683","https://openalex.org/W655595107","https://openalex.org/W1487207053","https://openalex.org/W1537841157","https://openalex.org/W1570855267","https://openalex.org/W1589394330","https://openalex.org/W1753646709","https://openalex.org/W1911913688","https://openalex.org/W1965301115","https://openalex.org/W1965351802","https://openalex.org/W1969130224","https://openalex.org/W1979075780","https://openalex.org/W1996451473","https://openalex.org/W1999976972","https://openalex.org/W2002191322","https://openalex.org/W2004363723","https://openalex.org/W2014507202","https://openalex.org/W2016089332","https://openalex.org/W2019945100","https://openalex.org/W2025805172","https://openalex.org/W2032698858","https://openalex.org/W2036372718","https://openalex.org/W2045420705","https://openalex.org/W2061839635","https://openalex.org/W2063202291","https://openalex.org/W2065439225","https://openalex.org/W2066399665","https://openalex.org/W2080577950","https://openalex.org/W2082725931","https://openalex.org/W2083311414","https://openalex.org/W2089016092","https://openalex.org/W2092951195","https://openalex.org/W2094552819","https://openalex.org/W2096975694","https://openalex.org/W2099055477","https://openalex.org/W2113496470","https://openalex.org/W2114786261","https://openalex.org/W2116743394","https://openalex.org/W2128719405","https://openalex.org/W2134549645","https://openalex.org/W2143180919","https://openalex.org/W2145145948","https://openalex.org/W2151496581","https://openalex.org/W2166334460","https://openalex.org/W2289970817","https://openalex.org/W2339073022","https://openalex.org/W2606071849","https://openalex.org/W2739606184","https://openalex.org/W2810816287","https://openalex.org/W3122213249","https://openalex.org/W3122413343","https://openalex.org/W3123248773","https://openalex.org/W3124238251","https://openalex.org/W3124702638","https://openalex.org/W3198580852","https://openalex.org/W4298292249","https://openalex.org/W4300778821","https://openalex.org/W4308118191","https://openalex.org/W6600654818","https://openalex.org/W6630569239","https://openalex.org/W6640532606","https://openalex.org/W6684626902"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6982565918","https://openalex.org/W2363852869","https://openalex.org/W1583249328","https://openalex.org/W2618285062","https://openalex.org/W3088322955","https://openalex.org/W6981872238","https://openalex.org/W2803591749","https://openalex.org/W3093692783","https://openalex.org/W4233807212","https://openalex.org/W2022079174"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"recent":[1],"years,":[2],"an":[3,30,94],"increasing":[4],"worldwide":[5],"interest":[6],"in":[7,47,68,93],"developing":[8],"a":[9,58,65,75],"competitive":[10],"international":[11],"financial":[12,39],"center":[13],"(IFC)":[14],"raises":[15],"the":[16,21,26,34,49,90],"important":[17],"issue":[18],"of":[19,25,29,38,60,103],"identifying":[20],"factors":[22],"or":[23],"elements":[24],"investment":[27,91],"climate":[28,92],"IFC.":[31,95],"Drawing":[32],"on":[33],"theories":[35],"and":[36,45,54,82,86,99,101],"literature":[37],"intermediation,":[40],"innovation,":[41],"governance,":[42],"social":[43],"relationships,":[44],"information":[46],"IFCs,":[48],"authors":[50],"develop":[51],"five":[52],"hypotheses":[53],"examine":[55],"them":[56],"using":[57],"survey":[59],"200":[61],"MBA":[62],"students":[63],"at":[64],"private":[66],"university":[67],"Kuwait.":[69],"The":[70],"findings":[71],"obtained":[72],"from":[73],"conducting":[74],"hierarchical":[76],"linear":[77],"regression":[78],"indicate":[79],"that":[80],"finance":[81],"innovation":[83],"are":[84,106],"positively":[85],"significantly":[87],"related":[88],"to":[89],"Implications":[96],"for":[97],"theory":[98],"practice,":[100],"areas":[102],"further":[104],"research":[105],"made.":[107]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}