{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2178761270","doi":null,"title":"Glucocorticoid-induced chondrocyte cytotoxicity at doses recommended for intra-articular therapy in horses","display_name":"Glucocorticoid-induced chondrocyte cytotoxicity at doses recommended for intra-articular therapy in horses","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2178761270","mag":"2178761270"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:uknowledge.uky.edu:gluck_etds-1023","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://uknowledge.uky.edu/gluck_etds/23","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402623","display_name":"UKnowledge (University of Kentucky)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","host_organization_name":"University of Kentucky","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Theses and Dissertations--Veterinary Science","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101884194","display_name":"Wenying Zhu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wenying Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101884194"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2307,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55430457,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10105","display_name":"Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10105","display_name":"Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10872","display_name":"Veterinary Equine Medical Research","score":0.009399999864399433,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3402","display_name":"Equine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11905","display_name":"Veterinary Pharmacology and Anesthesia","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glucocorticoids","display_name":"glucocorticoids","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intra-articular-injection","display_name":"intra-articular injection","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/horses","display_name":"horses","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methylprednisolone","display_name":"methylprednisolone","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/betamethasone","display_name":"betamethasone","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/triamcinolone","display_name":"triamcinolone","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equine-osteoarthritis","display_name":"equine osteoarthritis","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synoviocytes","display_name":"synoviocytes","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleukin-1beta","display_name":"IL-1\u03b2","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inducible-nitric-oxide-synthase","display_name":"inducible nitric oxide synthase","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dose-dependent-effects","display_name":"dose-dependent effects","score":0.5709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene-expression","display_name":"gene expression","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartilage-degeneration","display_name":"cartilage degeneration","score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-inflammatory-efficacy","display_name":"anti-inflammatory efficacy","score":0.6050000190734863}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422549","display_name":"Glucocorticoid","level":2,"score":0.7391527891159058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109316439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q246181","display_name":"Cytotoxicity","level":3,"score":0.6757750511169434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781403057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775480","display_name":"Chondrocyte","level":3,"score":0.5356312394142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5347774028778076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.3652408719062805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.31026095151901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.28438517451286316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.15744832158088684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.09341394901275635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780550940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502730","display_name":"Cartilage","level":2,"score":0.087039053440094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.07842335104942322}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:uknowledge.uky.edu:gluck_etds-1023","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://uknowledge.uky.edu/gluck_etds/23","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402623","display_name":"UKnowledge (University of Kentucky)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","host_organization_name":"University of Kentucky","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Theses and Dissertations--Veterinary Science","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2178761270","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://uknowledge.uky.edu/gluck_etds/23/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":154,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W5539851","https://openalex.org/W22701710","https://openalex.org/W23322332","https://openalex.org/W34583221","https://openalex.org/W113166687","https://openalex.org/W148367253","https://openalex.org/W178076622","https://openalex.org/W199810177","https://openalex.org/W200399289","https://openalex.org/W1483743685","https://openalex.org/W1517100714","https://openalex.org/W1530108171","https://openalex.org/W1536281358","https://openalex.org/W1536681507","https://openalex.org/W1570072320","https://openalex.org/W1589578796","https://openalex.org/W1589842892","https://openalex.org/W1598528209","https://openalex.org/W1598640439","https://openalex.org/W1815831370","https://openalex.org/W1820899147","https://openalex.org/W1930073633","https://openalex.org/W1964415617","https://openalex.org/W1965665343","https://openalex.org/W1965978465","https://openalex.org/W1969234521","https://openalex.org/W1973283245","https://openalex.org/W1973462560","https://openalex.org/W1974384763","https://openalex.org/W1974415742","https://openalex.org/W1974971415","https://openalex.org/W1978285583","https://openalex.org/W1980437875","https://openalex.org/W1980548660","https://openalex.org/W1981437490","https://openalex.org/W1982459374","https://openalex.org/W1984317348","https://openalex.org/W1984367241","https://openalex.org/W1984946413","https://openalex.org/W1985638347","https://openalex.org/W1987654373","https://openalex.org/W1988145586","https://openalex.org/W1989078979","https://openalex.org/W1989156207","https://openalex.org/W1990185161","https://openalex.org/W1992559842","https://openalex.org/W1997103341","https://openalex.org/W1998086294","https://openalex.org/W2000217576","https://openalex.org/W2001773597","https://openalex.org/W2005091462","https://openalex.org/W2009524387","https://openalex.org/W2014355454","https://openalex.org/W2017638669","https://openalex.org/W2017869529","https://openalex.org/W2019147692","https://openalex.org/W2019927301","https://openalex.org/W2020633237","https://openalex.org/W2020989759","https://openalex.org/W2021364995","https://openalex.org/W2021806443","https://openalex.org/W2025292090","https://openalex.org/W2025352410","https://openalex.org/W2028110488","https://openalex.org/W2030805052","https://openalex.org/W2031679716","https://openalex.org/W2032176743","https://openalex.org/W2034541958","https://openalex.org/W2038773696","https://openalex.org/W2041295637","https://openalex.org/W2042604054","https://openalex.org/W2042789033","https://openalex.org/W2043144762","https://openalex.org/W2044552822","https://openalex.org/W2044833301","https://openalex.org/W2052402888","https://openalex.org/W2053125671","https://openalex.org/W2054922970","https://openalex.org/W2056839634","https://openalex.org/W2060862416","https://openalex.org/W2062256976","https://openalex.org/W2062522737","https://openalex.org/W2063375226","https://openalex.org/W2068813217","https://openalex.org/W2069020386","https://openalex.org/W2071480177","https://openalex.org/W2076414539","https://openalex.org/W2076681771","https://openalex.org/W2076853786","https://openalex.org/W2078828283","https://openalex.org/W2078884339","https://openalex.org/W2082755088","https://openalex.org/W2082896876","https://openalex.org/W2082977653","https://openalex.org/W2083151132","https://openalex.org/W2083719502","https://openalex.org/W2085314940","https://openalex.org/W2085788584","https://openalex.org/W2086350454","https://openalex.org/W2086485710","https://openalex.org/W2088824573","https://openalex.org/W2088857451","https://openalex.org/W2088952337","https://openalex.org/W2089229619","https://openalex.org/W2089567262","https://openalex.org/W2089915717","https://openalex.org/W2090858352","https://openalex.org/W2094183877","https://openalex.org/W2095060581","https://openalex.org/W2095740273","https://openalex.org/W2096964097","https://openalex.org/W2097451795","https://openalex.org/W2099215612","https://openalex.org/W2100631748","https://openalex.org/W2101471525","https://openalex.org/W2103767073","https://openalex.org/W2106014350","https://openalex.org/W2109658199","https://openalex.org/W2110262688","https://openalex.org/W2111110563","https://openalex.org/W2113390573","https://openalex.org/W2115376597","https://openalex.org/W2117867457","https://openalex.org/W2118502815","https://openalex.org/W2124935046","https://openalex.org/W2125723356","https://openalex.org/W2128192554","https://openalex.org/W2128488724","https://openalex.org/W2129098356","https://openalex.org/W2130353405","https://openalex.org/W2132070371","https://openalex.org/W2135268524","https://openalex.org/W2140141598","https://openalex.org/W2140403673","https://openalex.org/W2148231159","https://openalex.org/W2150691073","https://openalex.org/W2156585562","https://openalex.org/W2158775606","https://openalex.org/W2162406636","https://openalex.org/W2162716273","https://openalex.org/W2165253571","https://openalex.org/W2169286796","https://openalex.org/W2171855260","https://openalex.org/W2184048791","https://openalex.org/W2237767795","https://openalex.org/W2410165917","https://openalex.org/W2467599646","https://openalex.org/W2469894380","https://openalex.org/W3004434145","https://openalex.org/W3201763383","https://openalex.org/W4230916704","https://openalex.org/W4301019714","https://openalex.org/W4391199497","https://openalex.org/W4391199699"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4402234425","https://openalex.org/W7171727300","https://openalex.org/W4309265145","https://openalex.org/W6903694688","https://openalex.org/W2412795392","https://openalex.org/W4410383244","https://openalex.org/W4295564218","https://openalex.org/W7070691792","https://openalex.org/W2416988785","https://openalex.org/W7164380394"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Intra-articular":[0],"glucocorticoid":[1,73,223],"injections":[2],"are":[3,15,78,99,106],"commonly":[4],"used":[5,101,183],"to":[6,72,108,150,234],"treat":[7],"synovitis":[8],"and":[9,22,41,58,70,81,96,121,131,136,152,161,190,195,250],"osteoarthritis":[10,65],"in":[11,46,102,116,138,141,184,210,229],"horses.":[12],"These":[13,75],"agents":[14],"highly":[16],"effective":[17],"at":[18,178,209],"relieving":[19],"pain,":[20],"swelling,":[21],"other":[23],"symptoms":[24],"of":[25,39,49,64,93,238],"joint":[26],"inflammation.":[27],"The":[28],"drugs":[29],"also":[30],"have":[31,67],"therapeutic":[32],"benefits":[33],"by":[34],"down":[35],"regulating":[36],"the":[37,47,86,205,236],"expression":[38,198],"cytokines":[40],"protease":[42],"enzymes":[43],"that":[44,61,88,98,221],"participate":[45],"degradation":[48],"articular":[50,109],"cartilage.":[51],"However,":[52],"detrimental":[53,245],"effects":[54,77,192,246],"on":[55,193,247],"chondrocyte":[56,112,175,194],"function":[57,155,249],"cell":[59,154,248],"viability":[60],"is":[62],"independent":[63],"pathogenesis":[66],"been":[68],"described":[69],"linked":[71],"use.":[74],"side":[76],"both":[79],"drug-":[80,189],"dose-dependent.":[82],"This":[83],"study":[84,219],"tested":[85],"hypothesis":[87],"manufacture":[89],"recommended":[90],"dosage":[91,180],"levels":[92,181],"methylprednisolone,":[94],"betamethasone,":[95],"triamcinolone":[97],"widely":[100],"equine":[103,122,185],"clinical":[104,186],"practice":[105],"cytotoxic":[107],"chondrocytes.":[110],"Drug-induced":[111,174],"cytotoxicity":[113,176],"was":[114,127,169],"evaluated":[115,170],"monolayer":[117],"cultures,":[118],"cartilage":[119],"explants,":[120],"fetlock":[123],"joints.":[124],"Total":[125],"RNA":[126],"isolated":[128],"from":[129,217],"control":[130],"IL-1\u03b2":[132],"stimulated":[133],"primary":[134],"chondrocytes":[135],"synoviocytes":[137],"culture.":[139],"Changes":[140],"steady":[142],"state":[143],"mRNA":[144],"for":[145,204,226],"targeted":[146],"gene":[147,197],"transcripts":[148],"related":[149],"inflammation":[151],"normal":[153],"were":[156,199,207],"measured":[157],"using":[158,171],"reverse":[159],"transcription":[160],"quantitative":[162],"PCR.":[163],"Inducible":[164],"nitric":[165],"oxide":[166],"synthase":[167],"activity":[168],"nitrite":[172],"production.":[173],"occurred":[177],"drug":[179],"frequently":[182],"practice.":[187],"Both":[188],"dose-dependent":[191],"synoviocyte":[196],"observed.":[200],"Maximum":[201],"anti-inflammatory":[202,242],"activities":[203],"glucocorticoids":[206],"observed":[208],"vitro":[211],"concentrations":[212],"below":[213],"manufacturer-recommended":[214],"levels.":[215],"Results":[216],"this":[218],"suggest":[220],"lower":[222],"dose":[224],"ranges":[225],"intra-articular":[227],"therapy":[228],"horses":[230],"should":[231],"be":[232],"validated":[233],"maximize":[235],"ratio":[237],"their":[239],"therapeutically":[240],"beneficial":[241],"efficacy":[243],"against":[244],"viability.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
