{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2177500602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehv595","title":"Naturaltransfat, dairy fat, partially hydrogenated oils, and cardiometabolic health: the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health Study: Table 1","display_name":"Naturaltransfat, dairy fat, partially hydrogenated oils, and cardiometabolic health: the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health Study: Table 1","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-11-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2177500602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehv595","mag":"2177500602","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26582177","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4816962"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehv595","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehv595","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehv595","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S181568219","display_name":"European Heart Journal","issn_l":"0195-668X","issn":["0195-668X","1522-9645"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Heart Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"editorial","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4816962","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064987258","display_name":"Dariush Mozaffarian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7958-9492","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7958-9492"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121934306","display_name":"Tufts University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dariush Mozaffarian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedman School of Nutrition Science & Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA dariush.mozaffarian@tufts.edu","Friedman School of Nutrition Science & Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedman School of Nutrition Science & Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA dariush.mozaffarian@tufts.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedman School of Nutrition Science & Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064987258"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"],"apc_list":{"value":5240,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5922},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"13","first_page":"1079","last_page":"1081"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10387","display_name":"Fatty Acid Research and Health","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10387","display_name":"Fatty Acid Research and Health","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10866","display_name":"Nutritional Studies and Diet","score":0.007000000216066837,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13522","display_name":"Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trans-fatty-acids","display_name":"trans fatty acids","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sudden-cardiac-death","display_name":"sudden cardiac death","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-mortality","display_name":"cardiovascular mortality","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/all-cause-mortality","display_name":"all-cause mortality","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reverse-causality","display_name":"reverse causality","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronary-angiography-patients","display_name":"coronary angiography patients","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/processed-foods","display_name":"processed foods","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dietary-behaviour","display_name":"dietary behaviour","score":0.335999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-risk-factors","display_name":"cardiovascular risk factors","score":0.4699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiometabolic-health","display_name":"cardiometabolic health","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/erythrocyte-membrane-lipids","display_name":"erythrocyte membrane lipids","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-disease-prevention","display_name":"cardiovascular disease prevention","score":0.33899998664855957}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9336126446723938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018284874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389735","display_name":"Cardiovascular health","level":3,"score":0.6213405728340149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511355011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12174","display_name":"Obesity","level":2,"score":0.4194054901599884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.40363115072250366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.29291558265686035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.14220479130744934}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004041","descriptor_name":"Dietary Fats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005227","descriptor_name":"Fatty Acids","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006859","descriptor_name":"Hydrogen","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006865","descriptor_name":"Hydrogenation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009821","descriptor_name":"Oils","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012306","descriptor_name":"Risk","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D044242","descriptor_name":"Trans Fatty Acids","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehv595","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehv595","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehv595","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S181568219","display_name":"European Heart Journal","issn_l":"0195-668X","issn":["0195-668X","1522-9645"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Heart Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4816962","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4816962","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eur Heart J","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:26582177","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26582177","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European heart journal","raw_type":"Editorial"},{"id":"pmh:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:ehj:37/13/1079","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/37/13/1079","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923041","display_name":"HighWire Press Open Archive","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"TEXT"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4816962","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4816962","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eur Heart J","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9922999739646912,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7400889641","display_name":"Circulating Dietary & Metabolic Fatty Acids, Major CVD Outcomes, & Healthy Aging","funder_award_id":"R01HL085710","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/012pb6c26"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963915610","https://openalex.org/W1993540550","https://openalex.org/W2036578487","https://openalex.org/W2050481343","https://openalex.org/W2053223480","https://openalex.org/W2102323857","https://openalex.org/W2108208530","https://openalex.org/W2120120974","https://openalex.org/W2134283586","https://openalex.org/W2137819942","https://openalex.org/W2139021653","https://openalex.org/W2144141339","https://openalex.org/W2144989585","https://openalex.org/W2151042915","https://openalex.org/W2153923696","https://openalex.org/W2163685373","https://openalex.org/W2168530080","https://openalex.org/W2214305560"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2214305560","https://openalex.org/W2134283586","https://openalex.org/W184378856","https://openalex.org/W1580787497","https://openalex.org/W2754269239","https://openalex.org/W2120748291","https://openalex.org/W2132894645","https://openalex.org/W2275477215","https://openalex.org/W2261085511","https://openalex.org/W2162001193"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,398,883],"editorial":[1],"refers":[2],"to":[3,264,279,296,373,645,718,902,1010,1079,1244,1264,1284,1590,1599,1640,1652,1680,1720],"\u2018Trans-fatty":[4],"acids":[5,37,1314,1320,1367,1373,1429,1435,1482,1488],"and":[6,17,30,42,49,75,112,122,135,175,220,248,261,266,273,299,342,361,365,376,391,430,485,531,537,567,598,706,739,742,755,766,976,1022,1030,1034,1052,1064,1169,1191,1221,1242,1260,1288,1296,1357,1410,1472,1525,1538,1563,1635,1656,1704,1709,1722,1748,1765],"mortality":[7],"in":[8,39,54,92,144,158,167,195,200,277,324,380,417,476,514,664,668,682,851,866,875,878,899,1044,1047,1134,1185,1293,1315,1344,1368,1397,1430,1459,1483,1512,1648,1700],"patients":[9,60,201,253],"referred":[10],"for":[11,62,107,118,215,234,289,320,444,483,510,561,580,594,616,631,656,711,736,782,804,836,1235,1303,1418,1557,1730],"coronary":[12,216],"angiography:":[13],"the":[14,93,98,159,182,187,325,331,338,451,456,464,479,557,569,640,653,673,680,690,697,702,720,729,761,830,843,852,861,879,931,942,1180,1203,1239,1266,1278,1540,1560,1591,1606,1612,1641,1645,1671,1701,1711,1724,1740,1744],"Ludwigshafen":[15,1702],"Risk":[16,1703],"Cardiovascular":[18,1705],"Health":[19,1706],"Study\u2019\u2020,":[20],"by":[21,493,550,860,1167,1605,1633],"M.E.":[22],"Kleber":[23,29,1168,1634],"et":[24],"al.,":[25],"on":[26,527,686,1206,1229,1273,1554,1667],"page":[27],"1072.":[28],"colleagues":[31,1170,1636],"have":[32,268,608,1011,1110,1692],"investigated":[33],"levels":[34,71,191,312,385,424,471,528,597,617,865],"of":[35,44,58,72,85,171,258,301,468,529,572,618,652,675,708,794,854,906,937,947,957,962,974,988,1000,1076,1097,1104,1117,1151,1157,1179,1183,1269,1306,1311,1331,1341,1347,1364,1384,1394,1400,1421,1426,1446,1456,1462,1479,1499,1509,1515,1532,1544,1582,1611,1614,1616,1627,1670,1683,1698,1715,1727,1753,1756],"trans-fatty":[36],"(TFAs)":[38],"erythrocyte":[40,420],"membranes":[41],"risk":[43,84,91,773,793,973,1682],"total":[45,73,108,113,123,863,896,1077],"mortality,":[46,48,116,124,126],"cardiovascular":[47,115,125,627,977],"sudden":[50],"cardiac":[51,209],"death":[52],"(SCD)":[53],"a":[55,196,206,223,283,286,351],"convenience":[56],"cohort":[57,1249],"German":[59],"hospitalized":[61,214],"angiography.1":[63],"After":[64],"multivariable":[65,457,1687],"adjustment,":[66],"they":[67,349],"found":[68],"that":[69,459,829,917,985,1094,1121,1132,1193,1290,1568,1623],"higher":[70,352,356,419,428,792,1681],"TFAs,":[74],"specifically":[76],"C16":[77],":":[78],"1n-7t,":[79],"were":[80,104,192,213,229,244,345,386,661,871],"associated":[81,387,426,790,953,970],"with":[82,97,202,330,388,401,427,472,554,574,591,727,791,840,886,935,954,971,1016,1027],"lower":[83,90,383,389,431,469,873,955,972,1035],"SCD":[86,575,767,795,936,1684],"(for":[87],"C16:1n-7t,":[88,941],"\u223c37%":[89],"top":[94],"tertile,":[95],"compared":[96],"bottom).":[99],"No":[100],"other":[101,274,657,669,960,1149,1541,1600,1657],"significant":[102,511,1114],"associations":[103,467,638,1015],"identified,":[105],"including":[106,545],"TFAs":[109,369,624,676,908,920,1535,1545,1699],"or":[110,114,117,120,127,153,205,421,991,1013,1144,1147],"C16:1n-7t":[111,573,765,938,1070,1098,1118,1145,1329,1382,1444,1497],"C18:1t":[119,787,1677],"C18:2t":[121],"SCD.":[128],"How":[129],"should":[130],"these":[131,228,381,546,551,665,687,823,1129],"findings":[132,1130,1632],"be":[133,256,414,440,448,820,1299,1588],"interpreted,":[134],"what":[136,1691],"are":[137,164,370,425,969,1125,1209,1572],"their":[138,259,270,280,1558],"implications?":[139],"In":[140,179,723,928,1689],"any":[141,1113,1716],"research":[142,1717],"study\u2014whether":[143],"vitro":[145],"science,":[146],"animal":[147],"experiment,":[148],"metabolic":[149,515],"study,":[150],"clinical":[151,1262],"trial,":[152],"observational":[154],"epidemiology\u2014the":[155],"devil":[156],"is":[157,186,455,716,884,939,995,1041,1189,1233,1546,1621],"details.":[160],"Such":[161,252,282,629],"crucial":[162,1712],"details":[163,1714],"frequently":[165],"overlooked":[166],"our":[168,1196],"modern":[169],"age":[170,484],"compressed":[172],"news,":[173],"internet,":[174],"social":[176],"media":[177],"reporting.":[178],"this":[180,477,602,867,890,929,1649,1696],"case,":[181],"first":[183,480],"important":[184,453],"detail":[185,454],"population":[188,284,868],"studied.":[189],"TFA":[190,311,333,384,423,470,758,864,897,945,1593,1646],"not":[193,230,487,662,1111,1126,1587,1660],"measured":[194],"general":[197],"community,":[198],"but":[199,1598],"chest":[203],"pain":[204],"positive":[207],"non-invasive":[208],"stress":[210],"test":[211],"who":[212],"angiography":[217],"between":[218,764],"1997":[219],"2000":[221],"at":[222,236,832],"tertiary":[224],"care":[225],"centre.":[226],"Accordingly,":[227],"generally":[231,346],"healthy":[232],"individuals:":[233],"instance,":[235],"baseline,":[237],"73%":[238],"had":[239,250,350],"high":[240],"blood":[241,357,533,595,619,737,747],"pressure,":[242,358,534,748],"50%":[243],"taking":[245],"lipid-lowering":[246,393,740],"medication,":[247,750],"40%":[249],"diabetes.":[251],"would":[254,413,605,625,635],"often":[255,1042],"conscious":[257],"symptoms":[260],"health":[262,294,474,1162,1230,1668],"prior":[263,855],"hospitalization,":[265],"consequently":[267],"altered":[269],"dietary":[271,658,887,1197],"behaviours":[272,298,671],"lifestyle":[275],"factors":[276],"response":[278],"concern.":[281],"produces":[285,547],"classic":[287],"set-up":[288],"\u2018reverse":[290],"causation\u2019:":[291],"underlying":[292],"poor":[293,315,473],"leading":[295],"changed":[297],"avoidance":[300],"TFA-containing":[302],"foods":[303,341,911,994,1059,1154,1176,1201,1309,1424,1548],"(e.g.":[304,925,965,1060,1137,1155,1217,1255,1333,1343,1386,1396,1448,1458,1501,1511],"processed":[305,340,910,1547],"foods,":[306,1003,1050,1351,1404,1466,1519],"whole-fat":[307,343,1291,1307,1422],"dairy),":[308],"rather":[309,521,1054,1224],"than":[310,522,874,1055,1082,1225],"predicting":[313],"future":[314],"health.":[316,1275,1732],"Is":[317],"there":[318],"evidence":[319,698,1228,1280,1556,1639],"such":[321,837,1004,1068],"reverse":[322,396,408,437,700,817],"causation":[323,409,438,818],"present":[326,1631],"study?":[327],"Yes:":[328],"those":[329,336,1252],"lowest":[332],"levels,":[334],"i.e.":[335,689],"eating":[337],"fewest":[339],"dairy,":[344,1287],"much":[347],"sicker:":[348],"body":[353],"mass":[354],"index,":[355,754],"more":[359,363,392,402,524,1073],"smoking,":[360],"substantially":[362],"diabetes":[364],"worse":[366],"glucose\u2013insulin":[367],"homeostasis.":[368],"also":[371,614,951],"known":[372],"increase":[374],"LDL-cholesterol":[375,429],"decrease":[377],"HDL-cholesterol.2":[378],"Yet,":[379],"patients,":[382],"HDL-cholesterol":[390],"therapy\u2014further":[394],"suggesting":[395,699,1120],"causation.":[397],"directly":[399],"contrasts":[400],"general,":[403],"community-based":[404],"cohorts":[405,877],"(in":[406],"which":[407,418,660,893],"from":[410,889,923,1101,1211,1349,1402,1464,1517,1536,1654,1695,1743,1763],"pre-existing":[411],"disease":[412],"less":[415],"likely),":[416],"phospholipid":[422],"HDL-cholesterol,3,4":[432],"as":[433,1005,1057,1069,1577,1674],"expected.":[434],"When":[435],"substantial":[436,494],"may":[439,1298,1586],"present,":[441],"fully":[442,821],"accounting":[443],"its":[445,841],"effects":[446,1268,1669],"can":[447,1071],"challenging.":[449],"Thus,":[450],"second":[452,497],"adjustment":[458,593,630,710,735],"was\u2014and":[460],"was":[461,576,768,788,1678],"not\u2014performed.":[462],"Given":[463],"multiple":[465,691],"strong":[466,1122],"markers":[475],"population,":[478],"model\u2014only":[481],"adjusted":[482,560,615,655],"gender\u2014is":[486],"very":[488,903],"informative,":[489],"almost":[490],"surely":[491],"burdened":[492],"confounding.":[495,838],"The":[496,612,1165,1580,1630],"model":[498,540],"(\u2018Model":[499],"2\u2019)":[500],"included":[501],"many":[502,1186],"relevant":[503],"variables.":[504],"However,":[505],"it":[506,643,715,1620],"only":[507],"roughly":[508],"accounted":[509],"observed":[512,932],"differences":[513],"dysfunction":[516],"(diabetes,":[517],"yes/no;":[518],"hypertension,":[519],"yes/no),":[520],"using":[523],"discriminative":[525],"data":[526],"systolic":[530,746],"diastolic":[532],"haemoglobin":[535,562,751],"A1c,":[536,563,752],"HOMA":[538,599,753],"(homeostatic":[539],"assessment)":[541],"insulin":[542,600,1032],"resistance.":[543],"Not":[544],"residual":[548],"confounding":[549,713],"factors.":[552],"Consistent":[553],"this,":[555],"when":[556,849],"authors":[558,613,730],"further":[559,577,592,1172],"antihypertensive":[564,749],"medication":[565,741],"use,":[566],"alcohol,":[568],"inverse":[570,762],"association":[571,604,763,934,1108],"attenuated":[578],"(P":[579],"trend":[581,783,805],"=":[582,784,806,1091],"0.035;":[583],"Supplementary":[584],"table":[585],"S9).":[586],"It":[587,1188,1232],"seems":[588],"plausible":[589],"that,":[590,732],"pressure":[596],"resistance,":[601],"borderline":[603,704],"no":[606,1573,1624,1638],"longer":[607,1574],"been":[609,952,1008],"statistically":[610,703],"significant.":[611],"cholesterol\u2014a":[620],"major":[621,1236,1542,1592],"pathway":[622],"whereby":[623],"influence":[626],"risk.2":[628],"potential":[632,647,712,847,1725],"\u2018mediating\u2019":[633],"variables":[634],"attenuate":[636],"true":[637],"toward":[639],"null,":[641],"making":[642],"harder":[644],"detect":[646],"harmful":[648],"effects.":[649,1231],"Finally,":[650],"none":[651],"models":[654],"habits,":[659],"assessed":[663],"patients.":[666],"Differences":[667],"diet":[670],"across":[672],"tertiles":[674],"could":[677,1099],"appreciably":[678,872],"alter":[679],"findings,":[681,980],"unpredictable":[683],"directions.":[684],"Based":[685,1553],"challenges,":[688],"(12)":[692],"different":[693,1270],"TFA\u2013endpoint":[694],"pairs":[695],"evaluated,":[696],"causation,":[701],"association,":[705],"absence":[707],"optimal":[709],"variables,":[714],"difficult":[717],"interpret":[719],"published":[721],"findings.":[722],"new":[724,824],"analyses":[725],"shared":[726],"me,":[728],"reported":[731],"after":[733,1685],"removing":[734],"lipids":[738],"adding":[743],"self-reported":[744,1083],"exercise,":[745],"all":[756,919,1195,1644],"individual":[757],"species":[759],"simultaneously,":[760],"unchanged":[769],"[across":[770],"tertiles,":[771,797],"relative":[772],"(RR)":[774],"0.60,":[775],"95%":[776,800],"confidence":[777],"interval":[778],"(CI)":[779],"0.42\u20130.85;":[780],"P":[781,803],"0.01],":[785],"while":[786,959,1018,1086],"now":[789],"(across":[796],"RR":[798],"1.29,":[799],"CI":[801],"0.92\u20131.81;":[802],"0.02)":[807],"(Clemens":[808],"von":[809],"Schacky":[810],"personal":[811],"communication,":[812],"6":[813],"October":[814],"2015).":[815],"While":[816],"cannot":[819],"excluded,":[822],"results":[825],"provide":[826,1072,1637],"some":[827,986,1148],"assurance":[828],"modelling":[831],"least":[833],"partly":[834],"accounts":[835],"Even":[839],"limitations,":[842],"report":[844,1166],"has":[845,950,1007,1566],"interesting":[846],"implications,":[848],"considered":[850],"context":[853],"work.":[856],"As":[857],"pointed":[858],"out":[859],"authors,":[862],"(mean:":[869],"0.96%)":[870],"US":[876,1561],"1990s":[880],"(1.66%3,":[881],"2.58%5).":[882],"consistent":[885,1555],"estimates":[888],"time":[891,1234],"period,":[892],"suggest":[894,984,1131],"low":[895,904],"consumption":[898,905,999,1628],"Germany":[900],"due":[901,1589],"industrial":[907,1607],"(i.e.":[909],"containing":[912,1549],"partially":[913,1550,1569,1583,1617,1661,1736],"hydrogenated":[914,1551,1570,1584,1618,1662,1737],"oils),":[915],"so":[916],"nearly":[918,1194],"(\u223c80%)":[921],"came":[922],"natural":[924,1533],"dairy)":[926],"sources.6":[927],"light,":[930],"beneficial":[933,1012],"interesting.":[940],"most":[943],"specific":[944,1312,1365,1427,1480],"marker":[946],"dairy":[948,963,989,992,1002,1019,1023,1039,1080,1135,1152,1200,1271,1308,1316,1369,1423,1431,1484,1537,1655,1728],"fat,":[949],"incidence":[956],"diabetes,7,8":[958],"biomarkers":[961,1025,1067,1254],"fat":[964,990,1020,1024,1040,1081,1136,1317,1370,1432,1485,1729],"odd-chain":[966],"saturated":[967,1142,1222,1322,1375,1437,1490],"fats)":[968],"diabetes9":[975],"disease.10":[978],"These":[979],"utilizing":[981,1253],"objective":[982],"biomarkers,":[983],"aspect":[987,1150],"fat-rich":[993,1153],"cardiometabolically":[996],"protective.":[997],"Self-reported":[998],"high-fat":[1001],"cheese,":[1006,1062,1297],"shown":[1009],"neutral":[1014],"diabetes,11\u201313":[1017],"intake":[1021],"correlate":[1026],"improved":[1028],"hepatic":[1029,1036],"systemic":[1031],"sensitivity":[1033],"steatosis.14,15":[1037],"Because":[1038],"consumed":[1043],"hidden":[1045],"amounts":[1046,1096],"numerous":[1048],"mixed":[1049],"dishes,":[1051],"recipes,":[1053],"just":[1056],"whole":[1058],"milk,":[1061],"yogurt,":[1063],"butter),":[1065],"circulating":[1066,1256],"accurate":[1074],"assessments":[1075],"exposure":[1078,1647],"consumption.":[1084],"Furthermore,":[1085],"one":[1087,1178],"small":[1088],"study":[1089,1650,1697],"(n":[1090],"12)":[1092],"suggested":[1093],"minor":[1095],"derive":[1100,1653],"partial":[1102],"beta-oxidation":[1103],"C18:1t,16":[1105],"large":[1106,1261],"genome-wide":[1107],"studies":[1109],"identified":[1112],"genetic":[1115],"determinants":[1116],"levels,17":[1119],"endogenous":[1123],"influences":[1124],"present.":[1127],"Together,":[1128],"something":[1133],"branched-chain":[1138],"fatty":[1139,1257,1313,1319,1366,1372,1428,1434,1481,1487],"acids,":[1140,1258],"medium-chain":[1141],"fats,":[1143,1327,1380,1442,1495],"itself)":[1146],"fermentation":[1156,1332,1385,1447,1500],"cheese)":[1158,1334,1387,1449,1502],"meaningfully":[1159],"improves":[1160],"cardiometabolic":[1161,1304,1419,1731],"(Table":[1163],"1).":[1164],"adds":[1171],"supportive":[1173],"evidence.":[1174],"Dairy":[1175],"represent":[1177],"largest":[1181],"categories":[1182],"calories":[1184,1348,1401,1463,1516],"nations.":[1187],"astounding,":[1190],"unforgiveable,":[1192],"recommendations":[1198],"about":[1199,1213],"(including":[1202],"conventional":[1204],"emphasis":[1205],"low-fat":[1207,1286],"dairy18)":[1208],"derived":[1210],"theories":[1212],"isolated":[1214],"nutrient":[1215],"contents":[1216],"calcium,":[1218],"vitamin":[1219],"D,":[1220],"fat)":[1223],"direct":[1226],"empiric":[1227],"funding":[1237],"agencies,":[1238],"food":[1240],"industry,":[1241],"foundations":[1243],"support":[1245,1283],"additional":[1246],"well-designed":[1247],"prospective":[1248],"studies,":[1250],"especially":[1251,1352,1405,1467,1520],"metabolomics),":[1259],"trials":[1263],"determine":[1265],"full":[1267],"products":[1272],"human":[1274],"Until":[1276],"then,":[1277],"current":[1279],"provides":[1281],"little":[1282,1665],"promote":[1285],"suggests":[1289],"products,":[1292],"particular":[1294],"yogurt":[1295],"beneficial.":[1300],"Potential":[1301,1416],"pathways":[1302,1417],"benefits":[1305,1420,1726],"Benefits":[1310,1330,1340,1363,1383,1393,1425,1445,1455,1478,1498,1508],"Branch-chain":[1318,1371,1433,1486],"Medium-chain":[1321,1374,1436,1489],"fats":[1323,1376,1438,1491],"Trace":[1324,1377,1439,1492],"ruminant":[1325,1378,1440,1493,1534,1658],"trans":[1326,1379,1441,1494],"e.g.":[1328,1381,1443,1496],"Vitamin":[1335,1388,1450,1503],"K2":[1336,1389,1451,1504],"Other":[1337,1390,1452,1505],"microbiome":[1338,1391,1453,1506],"interactions":[1339,1392,1454,1507],"probiotics":[1342,1395,1457,1510],"yogurt)":[1345,1398,1460,1513],"Replacement":[1346,1399,1461,1514],"unhealthful":[1350,1403,1465,1518],"refined":[1353,1406,1468,1521],"complex":[1354,1407,1469,1522],"carbohydrates,":[1355,1408,1470,1523],"starches,":[1356,1409,1471,1524],"sugars":[1358,1411,1473,1526],"Other,":[1359,1412,1474,1527],"unknown":[1360,1413,1475,1528],"trace":[1361,1414,1476,1529],"bioactives":[1362,1415,1477,1530],"Outside":[1531],"meats,":[1539],"source":[1543],"oils.":[1552],"harm,":[1559],"Food":[1562],"Drug":[1564],"Administration":[1565],"ruled":[1567],"oils":[1571,1585,1738],"\u2018generally":[1575],"regarded":[1576],"safe\u2019":[1578],"(GRAS).19":[1579],"harm":[1581,1615],"isomer,":[1594],"elaidic":[1595],"acid":[1596],"(C18:1n-9t),":[1597],"adverse":[1601],"bioactive":[1602],"compounds":[1603],"induced":[1604],"hydrogenation":[1608],"process.20":[1609],"Regardless":[1610],"mechanism":[1613],"oils,":[1619,1663],"clear":[1622],"safe":[1625],"level":[1626],"exists.":[1629],"contrary.":[1642],"Nearly":[1643],"appears":[1651],"sources,":[1659],"providing":[1664],"inference":[1666],"latter.":[1672],"Also,":[1673],"described":[1675],"above,":[1676],"linked":[1679],"appropriate":[1686],"adjustment.":[1688],"sum,":[1690],"we":[1693],"learned":[1694],"Study?":[1707],"Understand,":[1708],"appreciate,":[1710],"methodological":[1713],"investigation.":[1718],"Continue":[1719],"consider":[1721],"evaluate":[1723],"And,":[1733],"don't":[1734],"let":[1735],"off":[1739],"hook.":[1741],"R01-HL085710":[1742],"National":[1745,1751],"Heart,":[1746],"Lung,":[1747],"Blood":[1749],"Institute,":[1750],"Institutes":[1752],"Health.":[1754],"Conflict":[1755],"interest:":[1757],"D.M.":[1758],"reports":[1759],"ad":[1760],"hoc":[1761],"honoraria":[1762],"Bunge;":[1764],"scientific":[1766],"advisory":[1767],"board,":[1768],"Unilever":[1769],"North":[1770],"America.":[1771]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}