{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2176923288","doi":null,"title":"Therapeutic dilemmas in type II diabetes mellitus--improving and maintaining beta-cell and insulin sensitivity.","display_name":"Therapeutic dilemmas in type II diabetes mellitus--improving and maintaining beta-cell and insulin sensitivity.","publication_year":1988,"publication_date":"1988-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2176923288","mag":"2176923288","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3051674","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1026207"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1026207","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1026207","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1026207/pdf/westjmed00142-0067.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"West J Med","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1026207/pdf/westjmed00142-0067.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084026540","display_name":"Karam Jh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J H Karam","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084026540"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.283,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51956985,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"148","issue":"6","first_page":"685","last_page":"90"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10401","display_name":"Diabetes Treatment and Management","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10401","display_name":"Diabetes Treatment and Management","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10560","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Research","score":0.005100000184029341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10027","display_name":"Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins","score":0.003000000026077032,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beta-cell-function","display_name":"beta-cell function","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-sensitivity","display_name":"insulin sensitivity","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-dilemmas","display_name":"therapeutic dilemmas","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-management","display_name":"diabetes management","score":0.5440000295639038}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5101697444915771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.37217891216278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.3622768819332123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.3434116244316101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.3238784074783325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.06922590732574463}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000178","qualifier_name":"diet therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005082","descriptor_name":"Physical Exertion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007328","descriptor_name":"Insulin","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007328","descriptor_name":"Insulin","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007515","descriptor_name":"Islets of Langerhans","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013453","descriptor_name":"Sulfonylurea Compounds","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1026207","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1026207","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1026207/pdf/westjmed00142-0067.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"West J Med","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:3051674","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3051674","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Western journal of medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2176923288","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3051674","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1026207","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1026207","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1026207/pdf/westjmed00142-0067.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"West J Med","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2176923288.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2176923288.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969480413","https://openalex.org/W1972836378","https://openalex.org/W1974540301","https://openalex.org/W1986293351","https://openalex.org/W1990252995","https://openalex.org/W1991710558","https://openalex.org/W1991838121","https://openalex.org/W2001913879","https://openalex.org/W2010886780","https://openalex.org/W2014169720","https://openalex.org/W2022066983","https://openalex.org/W2022249257","https://openalex.org/W2023627293","https://openalex.org/W2027161267","https://openalex.org/W2030718654","https://openalex.org/W2035272074","https://openalex.org/W2040536132","https://openalex.org/W2057180728","https://openalex.org/W2062610861","https://openalex.org/W2067772915","https://openalex.org/W2080513099","https://openalex.org/W2100968639","https://openalex.org/W2102050309","https://openalex.org/W2126918646","https://openalex.org/W2152582537","https://openalex.org/W2168234252","https://openalex.org/W2171341139","https://openalex.org/W2335145280","https://openalex.org/W2339785199"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2207940226","https://openalex.org/W2957948217","https://openalex.org/W2070292895","https://openalex.org/W2000366185","https://openalex.org/W2105236554","https://openalex.org/W2079227256","https://openalex.org/W2466564910","https://openalex.org/W2000805010","https://openalex.org/W2138032344","https://openalex.org/W1988743780"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"These":[0],"discussions":[1],"are":[2,23],"selected":[3],"from":[4,20],"the":[5,10,42,57,68],"weekly":[6],"staff":[7],"conferences":[8],"in":[9,56],"Department":[11,69],"of":[12,15,31,39,44,51,59,70,73,78],"Medicine,":[13,32,40,71,79],"University":[14,72],"California,":[16,74],"San":[17,75,80],"Francisco.":[18],"Taken":[19],"transcriptions,":[21],"they":[22],"prepared":[24],"by":[25],"Drs":[26],"Homer":[27],"A.":[28],"Boushey,":[29],"Professor":[30,38,50],"and":[33,53],"David":[34],"G.":[35],"Warnock,":[36],"Associate":[37,54],"under":[41],"direction":[43],"Dr":[45],"Lloyd":[46],"H.":[47],"Smith,":[48],"Jr,":[49],"Medicine":[52],"Dean":[55],"School":[58,77],"Medicine.":[60],"Requests":[61],"for":[62],"reprints":[63],"should":[64],"be":[65],"sent":[66],"to":[67],"Francisco,":[76,81],"CA":[82],"94143.":[83]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
