{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2175046232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.en.11.010166.001011","title":"The Behavior Patterns of Solitary Wasps","display_name":"The Behavior Patterns of Solitary Wasps","publication_year":1966,"publication_date":"1966-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2175046232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.en.11.010166.001011","mag":"2175046232"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1146/annurev.en.11.010166.001011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.en.11.010166.001011","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.en.11.010166.001011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92576693","display_name":"Annual Review of Entomology","issn_l":"0066-4170","issn":["0066-4170","1545-4487"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320373","host_organization_name":"Annual Reviews","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320373"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Annual Reviews"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual Review of Entomology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111557803","display_name":"Howard Ensign Evans","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Howard E. Evans","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111557803"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1689,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":132,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91445295,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"1","first_page":"123","last_page":"154"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10702","display_name":"Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior","score":0.951200008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10702","display_name":"Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior","score":0.951200008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12132","display_name":"Hymenoptera taxonomy and phylogeny","score":0.029100000858306885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10174","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","score":0.015300000086426735,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solitary-wasps","display_name":"solitary wasps","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wasp-behavior","display_name":"wasp behavior","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparative-ethology","display_name":"comparative ethology","score":0.6259999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vespoidea","display_name":"Vespoidea","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vespidae","display_name":"Vespidae","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hymenoptera","display_name":"Hymenoptera","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-wasps","display_name":"social wasps","score":0.4359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parasitoid-wasps","display_name":"parasitoid wasps","score":0.6990000009536743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.9165900945663452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.5196757912635803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.4012872576713562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.3568168878555298}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1146/annurev.en.11.010166.001011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.en.11.010166.001011","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.en.11.010166.001011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92576693","display_name":"Annual Review of Entomology","issn_l":"0066-4170","issn":["0066-4170","1545-4487"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320373","host_organization_name":"Annual Reviews","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320373"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Annual Reviews"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual Review of Entomology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.usu.edu:bee_lab_er-1084","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/bee_lab_er/85","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196327","display_name":"Digital Commons - USU (Utah State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I121980950","host_organization_name":"Utah State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121980950"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Er","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W25522360","https://openalex.org/W1196828377","https://openalex.org/W1493685089","https://openalex.org/W1498983464","https://openalex.org/W1579680118","https://openalex.org/W1887566344","https://openalex.org/W1972335028","https://openalex.org/W1977825587","https://openalex.org/W1982698498","https://openalex.org/W1983767472","https://openalex.org/W1986884703","https://openalex.org/W1998786016","https://openalex.org/W2009738845","https://openalex.org/W2020602275","https://openalex.org/W2036213047","https://openalex.org/W2054052202","https://openalex.org/W2056231326","https://openalex.org/W2056360297","https://openalex.org/W2059746481","https://openalex.org/W2063013316","https://openalex.org/W2064713945","https://openalex.org/W2068362236","https://openalex.org/W2078256419","https://openalex.org/W2085893674","https://openalex.org/W2086669989","https://openalex.org/W2089448737","https://openalex.org/W2092682087","https://openalex.org/W2118629895","https://openalex.org/W2127926418","https://openalex.org/W2152282071","https://openalex.org/W2165215669","https://openalex.org/W2180053736","https://openalex.org/W2203307546","https://openalex.org/W2312308908","https://openalex.org/W2312387395","https://openalex.org/W2312778181","https://openalex.org/W2320352847","https://openalex.org/W2321307880","https://openalex.org/W2321700224","https://openalex.org/W2325358562","https://openalex.org/W2325469258","https://openalex.org/W2326576696","https://openalex.org/W2327120378","https://openalex.org/W2327690031","https://openalex.org/W2333173214","https://openalex.org/W2333794863","https://openalex.org/W2476674879","https://openalex.org/W2527153972","https://openalex.org/W2785096374","https://openalex.org/W2800606011","https://openalex.org/W2921281407","https://openalex.org/W2963410008","https://openalex.org/W2964514714","https://openalex.org/W3198815963"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3198815963","https://openalex.org/W4236457930","https://openalex.org/W592257861","https://openalex.org/W3152054416","https://openalex.org/W4212829815","https://openalex.org/W2107304011","https://openalex.org/W2995029056","https://openalex.org/W3202121527","https://openalex.org/W2320447774","https://openalex.org/W1572002505"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Some":[0],"of":[1,6,23,27,38,41,49,53,85,91,95,113,126,141,149,174,192,204,220,258,273,326,335,347],"the":[2,21,24,35,82,89,92,110,139,163,177,193,217,259,297,303,336,348,352,362,378],"more":[3,11],"conspicuous":[4],"features":[5],"wasp":[7,114],"behavior":[8,243],"were":[9],"reported":[10],"than":[12],"two":[13,168],"centuries":[14],"ago,":[15],"but":[16,222],"it":[17],"was":[18],"not":[19,209,372],"until":[20],"publication":[22],"first":[25],"volume":[26,228],"Fabre's":[28],"Souvenirs":[29],"Entomotogiques":[30],"in":[31,130,144,159,162,197,296,302,317,377,392],"1879":[32],"(66)":[33],"that":[34],"attractive\u00ad":[36],"ness":[37],"this":[39,160,198,234,369],"field":[40,161,235],"investigation":[42],"became":[43],"widely":[44,72],"apparent.":[45],"The":[46,380],"classic":[47],"work":[48],"Fabre":[50],"and":[51,65,74,101,133,181,255,286,294,300,330],"those":[52],"Ferton":[54],"(68),":[55],"Adlerz":[56],"(1),":[57],"G.":[58,62],"W.":[59],"&":[60,67],"E.":[61],"Peckham":[63],"(159),":[64],"P.":[66],"N.":[68],"Rau":[69],"(173)":[70],"are":[71,170,212,313],"known":[73],"have":[75,120,152,201,270],"provided":[76],"a":[77,108,225,345],"broad":[78],"founda\u00ad":[79],"tion":[80],"for":[81,147,176],"natural":[83],"history":[84],"wasps.":[86],"More":[87],"recently,":[88],"influence":[90],"European":[93],"school":[94],"ethologists,":[96],"exemplified":[97],"particularly":[98],"by":[99,266,357],"Tinbergen":[100],"Baerends,":[102],"has":[103,371],"been":[104,373],"strongly":[105],"felt.":[106],"In":[107],"sense,":[109],"modern":[111],"era":[112],"ethology":[115,219],"may":[116],"be":[117,230,240],"said":[118],"to":[119,216,232,242,246,252,256,344,351,387],"begun":[121],"with":[122,134],"Baerends'":[123],"extended":[124],"study":[125],"Ammophila":[127],"pubescens":[128],"Curtis":[129],"1941":[131],"(5)":[132],"Iwata's":[135],"Comparative":[136],"Studies":[137],"on":[138,157],"Habits":[140],"Solitary":[142,311],"Wasps":[143],"1942":[145],"(88),":[146],"both":[148,280],"these":[150,180,211],"papers":[151,169,183],"had":[153],"an":[154],"important":[155,260],"impact":[156],"research":[158],"past":[164],"25":[165],"years.":[166],"These":[167],"accepted":[171,376],"as":[172,214,283,292,315,355,365,395],"points":[173],"departure":[175],"present":[178],"review;":[179],"other":[182,277],"cited":[184],"below":[185],"contain":[186],"bibliographies":[187],"which":[188,318],"collectively":[189],"cover":[190],"much":[191],"very":[194,226],"extensive":[195],"literature":[196],"field.":[199],"I":[200,269],"omitted":[202,271],"mention":[203],"many":[205],"strictly":[206],"descriptive":[207],"studies,":[208],"because":[210,224],"unimportant":[213],"contributing":[215],"comparative":[218],"wasps,":[221,278],"simply":[223],"large":[227],"would":[229],"needed":[231],"survey":[233],"fully.":[236],"Attention":[237],"will":[238],"here":[239,385],"directed":[241],"patterns":[244],"common":[245],"all":[247],"solitary":[248,382],"wasps":[249,274,312,342,364,383],"(more":[250],"especially":[251],"fossorial":[253],"species)":[254],"some":[257],"questions":[261],"being":[262],"asked":[263],"about":[264],"them":[265],"contemporary":[267],"workers.":[268],"consideration":[272],"parasitic":[275],"upon":[276],"including":[279],"parasitoids":[281],"(such":[282],"M":[284],"utillidae)":[285],"cleptoparasites":[287],"(c1epto\u00ad":[288],"bionts,":[289],"arbeitsparasiten)":[290],"[such":[291],"Evagetes":[293],"Ceropales":[295],"Pompilidae,":[298],"Nysson":[299],"Stizoides":[301],"Sphecidae":[304],"(30,":[305],"37,":[306],"63,":[307],"73,":[308],"156,":[309],"220)].":[310],"defined":[314,356],"species":[316],"there":[319],"is":[320],"no":[321],"cooperation":[322],"involving":[323],"divis\u00ad":[324],"ion":[325],"labor":[327],"between":[328,333],"mothers":[329],"daughters":[331],"or":[332],"females":[334],"same":[337],"gener":[338],"ation.":[339],"All":[340],"social":[341,363],"belong":[343,386],"portion":[346],"superfamily":[349],"Vespoidea,":[350],"family":[353],"Vespidae":[354],"Richards":[358],"(177);":[359],"he":[360],"regards":[361],"probably":[366],"monophyletic,":[367],"although":[368],"opinion":[370],"univer\u00ad":[374],"sally":[375],"past.":[379],"nonparasitic":[381],"considered":[384],"seven":[388],"families":[389],"commonly":[390],"placed":[391],"five":[393],"superfamilies,":[394],"follows:":[396],"Bethyloidea:":[397],"Bethylidae;":[398],"Scolioidea:":[399],"Tiphiidae,":[400],"Scoliidae;":[401],"Vespoidea:":[402]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}