{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2171784081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5914.00081","title":"Damaging Events: The Perceived Need for Forgiveness","display_name":"Damaging Events: The Perceived Need for Forgiveness","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2171784081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5914.00081","mag":"2171784081"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/1468-5914.00081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5914.00081","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5914.00081","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/1468-5914.00081","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S138274780","display_name":"Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour","issn_l":"0021-8308","issn":["0021-8308","1468-5914"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/1468-5914.00081","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040306049","display_name":"E.D. Scobie","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E.D. Scobie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Glasgow, UK,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Glasgow, UK,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018192799","display_name":"Geoffrey E. W. Scobie","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G.E.W. Scobie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Education, University of Glasgow, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Education, University of Glasgow, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"],"apc_list":{"value":3340,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3340},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.182,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":150,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93600423,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"4","first_page":"373","last_page":"402"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12551","display_name":"Forgiveness and Related Behaviors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12551","display_name":"Forgiveness and Related Behaviors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12313","display_name":"Emotions and Moral Behavior","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forgiveness","display_name":"forgiveness","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transgression","display_name":"transgression","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apology","display_name":"apology","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/revenge","display_name":"revenge","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial","display_name":"denial","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/christian-forgiveness","display_name":"Christian forgiveness","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prosocial-behavior","display_name":"prosocial behavior","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpersonal-conflict","display_name":"interpersonal conflict","score":0.3779999911785126}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778731027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q537963","display_name":"Forgiveness","level":2,"score":0.9913251399993896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780900520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q100268981","display_name":"Denial","level":2,"score":0.7258082628250122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.63651442527771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6079782247543335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.5746796131134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158608086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2990613","display_name":"Prosocial behavior","level":2,"score":0.5233967900276184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.3268994092941284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.17908048629760742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.120199054479599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0742650032043457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.06823787093162537}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/1468-5914.00081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5914.00081","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5914.00081","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/1468-5914.00081","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S138274780","display_name":"Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour","issn_l":"0021-8308","issn":["0021-8308","1468-5914"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/1468-5914.00081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5914.00081","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5914.00081","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/1468-5914.00081","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S138274780","display_name":"Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour","issn_l":"0021-8308","issn":["0021-8308","1468-5914"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2171784081.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2171784081.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4250445622","https://openalex.org/W2491810636","https://openalex.org/W2325571224","https://openalex.org/W1863071632","https://openalex.org/W3023678085","https://openalex.org/W3152680056","https://openalex.org/W4408304877","https://openalex.org/W2494380342","https://openalex.org/W1866143696","https://openalex.org/W6959604284"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Four":[0,65],"models":[1],"of":[2,39,46,67,77,104,141],"forgiveness":[3,40,47,92,107],"are":[4,69,88,125],"identified;":[5],"the":[6,9,12,16,21,75,111,136,142],"health":[7],"model,":[8,11],"philosophical":[10],"Christian":[13],"model":[14,45,133],"and":[15,41,71,83,100,113,123,132],"prosocial":[17],"model.":[18,64],"All":[19],"define":[20],"term":[22],"\u2018forgiveness\u2019":[23],"in":[24],"a":[25,37,91,106,130],"way":[26],"which":[27,48,94,134],"is":[28,58,95],"consistent":[29],"with":[30],"their":[31],"particular":[32],"perspective.":[33],"The":[34,102,127],"authors":[35,128],"offer":[36],"definition":[38,131],"propose":[42],"an":[43],"integrated":[44],"seeks":[49],"to":[50,74,97,117],"incorporate":[51],"contributions":[52,138],"from":[53,90,139],"all":[54],"four":[55],"areas,":[56],"but":[57],"not":[59],"biased":[60],"towards":[61],"any":[62],"one":[63],"levels":[66],"transgression":[68],"identified":[70],"categorized":[72],"according":[73],"degree":[76],"perceived":[78],"damage.":[79],"Apology\u2010automatic":[80],"(Level":[81,85],"1)":[82],"apology\u2010dependent":[84],"2)":[86],"responses":[87],"distinguished":[89],"response":[93],"restricted":[96],"Levels":[98],"3":[99],"4.":[101],"advantages":[103],"adopting":[105],"strategy":[108],"for":[109],"both":[110],"forgiver":[112],"forgiven":[114],"as":[115],"opposed":[116],"other":[118],"responses,":[119],"i.e.,":[120],"revenge,":[121],"denial,":[122],"condoning":[124],"discussed.":[126,144],"provide":[129],"integrates":[135],"important":[137],"each":[140],"areas":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
