{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2171117871","doi":null,"title":"In vitro synergistic effect of doxycycline & ofloxacin in combination with ethanolic leaf extract of Vangueria spinosa against four pathogenic bacteria.","display_name":"In vitro synergistic effect of doxycycline & ofloxacin in combination with ethanolic leaf extract of Vangueria spinosa against four pathogenic bacteria.","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2171117871","mag":"2171117871","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19942754"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:19942754","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19942754","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Indian journal of medical research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101736113","display_name":"Soroj Kumar Chatterjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6285-7822","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6285-7822"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132359460","display_name":"University of Burdwan","ror":"https://ror.org/05cyd8v32","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132359460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soroj Kumar Chatterjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132359460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072478511","display_name":"Indranil Bhattacharjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8635-1877","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8635-1877"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Indranil Bhattacharjee","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086749873","display_name":"Goutam Chandra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6485-8562","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6485-8562"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Goutam Chandra","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.609,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83711052,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"130","issue":"4","first_page":"475","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10225","display_name":"Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10225","display_name":"Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14521","display_name":"Medicinal Plant Research","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10079","display_name":"Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/doxycycline","display_name":"doxycycline","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ofloxacin","display_name":"ofloxacin","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-synergy","display_name":"antibiotic synergy","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethanolic-leaf-extract","display_name":"ethanolic leaf extract","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/staphylococcus-aureus","display_name":"Staphylococcus aureus","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/escherichia-coli","display_name":"Escherichia coli","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/klebsiella-pneumoniae","display_name":"Klebsiella pneumoniae","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pseudomonas-aeruginosa","display_name":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fractional-inhibitory-concentration-index","display_name":"fractional inhibitory concentration index","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-kill-assay","display_name":"time-kill assay","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibacterial-activity","display_name":"antibacterial activity","score":0.7160000205039978}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778049240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411447","display_name":"Ofloxacin","level":4,"score":0.7947176694869995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176947019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q597889","display_name":"Minimum inhibitory concentration","level":3,"score":0.7817085981369019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26381139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1158816","display_name":"Minimum bactericidal concentration","level":4,"score":0.7447134852409363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780950330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19903614","display_name":"Broth microdilution","level":4,"score":0.5702455639839172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777179404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422442","display_name":"Doxycycline","level":3,"score":0.5520883798599243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780104969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4774530","display_name":"Antibacterial activity","level":3,"score":0.5159164667129517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.5014145374298096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.48623839020729065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.46806421875953674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.43414968252182007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019249092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274493","display_name":"Antibacterial agent","level":3,"score":0.42235317826271057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556039675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q771035","display_name":"Traditional medicine","level":1,"score":0.3906254172325134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1409415900707245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778512257","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q256602","display_name":"Ciprofloxacin","level":3,"score":0.1156759262084961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000431","descriptor_name":"Ethanol","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000900","descriptor_name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001419","descriptor_name":"Bacteria","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001419","descriptor_name":"Bacteria","qualifier_ui":"Q000472","qualifier_name":"pathogenicity","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004318","descriptor_name":"Doxycycline","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004357","descriptor_name":"Drug Synergism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008826","descriptor_name":"Microbial Sensitivity Tests","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010936","descriptor_name":"Plant Extracts","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015242","descriptor_name":"Ofloxacin","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018515","descriptor_name":"Plant Leaves","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019666","descriptor_name":"Rubiaceae","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019666","descriptor_name":"Rubiaceae","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:19942754","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19942754","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Indian journal of medical research","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W611976593","https://openalex.org/W1524040185","https://openalex.org/W1869062106","https://openalex.org/W1967748659","https://openalex.org/W1975740798","https://openalex.org/W2041789230","https://openalex.org/W2046653879","https://openalex.org/W2107074458","https://openalex.org/W2137757283","https://openalex.org/W2169405011","https://openalex.org/W2190644176","https://openalex.org/W2220822608","https://openalex.org/W2238320910","https://openalex.org/W2303355033","https://openalex.org/W2399115573","https://openalex.org/W3215522242"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997437548","https://openalex.org/W2134804611","https://openalex.org/W2176144486","https://openalex.org/W2124618404","https://openalex.org/W4391086050","https://openalex.org/W4416537333","https://openalex.org/W3082777479","https://openalex.org/W2942187267","https://openalex.org/W7082965548","https://openalex.org/W3202211384"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND":[0],"&":[1,241],"OBJECTIVES:":[2],"The":[3,72,148],"in":[4,19,95,152,156,180,199,221],"vitro":[5],"antibacterial":[6],"activity":[7,64,251],"of":[8,12,28,40,89,125,168,249,252],"ethanolic":[9,86,122,256],"leaf":[10,87,123,189,257],"extract":[11,88,124,190,238,258],"Vangueria":[13],"spinosa":[14,91,127,254],"Roxb.":[15],"(Rubiaceae)":[16],"alone":[17,92],"and":[18,24,49,57,77,93,105,141,170,191,210,236],"combination":[20,96],"with":[21,97,259],"antibiotics":[22,98,192],"(doxycycline":[23],"ofloxacin)":[25],"by":[26,37,67],"means":[27],"fractional":[29,101],"inhibitory":[30,74,102],"concentration":[31,75,80,103],"indices":[32],"(FICI)":[33],"as":[34,36],"well":[35],"the":[38,69,85,100,130,195,223],"use":[39],"time-kill":[41,106,157],"assays":[42],"against":[43,128,226],"one":[44],"Gram-positive":[45],"bacterium":[46],"(Staphylococcus":[47],"aureus)":[48],"three":[50],"Gram-negative":[51],"bacteria":[52,132],"(Escherichia":[53],"coli,":[54],"Klebsiella":[55],"pneumoniae":[56],"Pseudomonas":[58],"aeruginosa)":[59],"was":[60,65,110],"studied.":[61],"METHODS:":[62],"Antibacterial":[63],"assayed":[66],"using":[68,99,113],"microdilution":[70],"method.":[71,108,117],"minimum":[73,78],"(MIC)":[76],"bactericidal":[79],"(MBC)":[81],"were":[82,193,219],"determined":[83],"for":[84,121,137,142,203,211,234],"V.":[90,126,253],"also":[94,111],"(FIC)":[104],"assay":[107,158],"Synergism":[109],"tested":[112,131],"checker":[114],"board":[115],"dilution":[116],"RESULTS:":[118],"MIC/MBC":[119],"values":[120],"all":[129,222],"ranged":[133,159],"between":[134,160,171],"25.5-52.6/22.4-60.5":[135],"microg/ml,":[136],"doxycycline":[138,204],"4.0/4.0-4.5":[139],"microg/ml":[140,146],"ofloxacin":[143,212,235],"0.625-2.5/1.":[144],"25-5.0":[145],"respectively.":[147],"average":[149,196],"log":[150,197],"reduction":[151,198],"viable":[153,200],"cell":[154,201],"count":[155,202],"2.4":[161],"log(10)-4.5":[162],"log(10)":[163,174,208,215],"cfu/ml":[164,175,209],"after":[165,176],"1":[166,181],"h":[167,178],"interaction":[169,179],"3.9":[172],"log(10)-5.0":[173],"3":[177],"x":[182,186],"MIC":[183],"to":[184],"4":[185],"MIC.":[187],"When":[188],"combined,":[194],"from":[205],"1.5":[206],"log(10)-5.18":[207],"3.06":[213],"log(10)-5.39":[214],"cfu/ml.":[216],"Synergistic":[217],"actions":[218],"observed":[220],"cases":[224],"except":[225],"P.":[227],"aeruginosa":[228],"which":[229],"showed":[230],"an":[231],"additive":[232],"effect":[233],"plant":[237],"combination.":[239],"INTERPRETATION":[240],"CONCLUSION:":[242],"This":[243],"study":[244],"provides":[245],"a":[246],"preliminary":[247],"report":[248],"synergistic":[250],"Roxb,":[255],"antibiotics.":[260]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}