{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2170876759","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gcc.2870080308","title":"Extrachromosomal gene amplification in acute myeloid leukemia; Characterization by metaphase analysis, comparative genomic hybridization, and semi\u2010quantitative PCR","display_name":"Extrachromosomal gene amplification in acute myeloid leukemia; Characterization by metaphase analysis, comparative genomic hybridization, and semi\u2010quantitative PCR","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2170876759","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gcc.2870080308","mag":"2170876759","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7509627"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/gcc.2870080308","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gcc.2870080308","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gcc.2870080308","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S200862508","display_name":"Genes Chromosomes and Cancer","issn_l":"1045-2257","issn":["1045-2257","1098-2264"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genes, Chromosomes and Cancer","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053507595","display_name":"Aboziada Mohamed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. N. Mohamed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI","Departments of Pathology, University of California at San Francisco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Pathology, University of California at San Francisco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066248850","display_name":"Jill A. Macoska","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8471-2221","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8471-2221"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. A. Macoska","raw_affiliation_strings":["Urology, University of California at San Francisco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Urology, University of California at San Francisco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028823431","display_name":"Anne H. Kallioniemi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3552-8158","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3552-8158"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Kallioniemi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050670008","display_name":"Olli Kallioniemi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3231-0332","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3231-0332"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"O.\u2010P. Kallioniemi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011359891","display_name":"Frederic M. Waldman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Waldman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110012675","display_name":"Vorachai Ratanatharathorn","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. Ratanatharathorn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191","https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108364561","display_name":"S R Wolman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. R. Wolman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Pathology, University of California at San Francisco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Pathology, University of California at San Francisco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053507595"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191","https://openalex.org/I185443292"],"apc_list":{"value":4810,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4810},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3614,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":45,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8104189,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"3","first_page":"185","last_page":"189"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10309","display_name":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia Research","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10309","display_name":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia Research","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11213","display_name":"Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities","score":0.006000000052154064,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11559","display_name":"Retinoids in leukemia and cellular processes","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-myeloid-leukemia","display_name":"acute myeloid leukemia","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/m3-subtype","display_name":"M3 subtype","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/double-minute-chromosomes","display_name":"double minute chromosomes","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/8q24","display_name":"8q24","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-nervous-system-involvement","display_name":"central nervous system involvement","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prognosis","display_name":"prognosis","score":0.5149999856948853}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89684784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5422184","display_name":"Extrachromosomal DNA","level":4,"score":0.8578333854675293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778729363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11688946","display_name":"Myeloid leukemia","level":2,"score":0.7882760167121887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.7069329023361206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781018059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207609","display_name":"Oncogene","level":4,"score":0.6446280479431152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70278784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574427","display_name":"Metaphase","level":4,"score":0.5697479248046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7602840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q746284","display_name":"Gene duplication","level":3,"score":0.536499559879303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124942203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q656638","display_name":"Comparative genomic hybridization","level":4,"score":0.5246403813362122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779282312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1956561","display_name":"Myeloid","level":2,"score":0.49953556060791016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.4775991439819336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.46991243958473206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.45553281903266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81439078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2304142","display_name":"In situ hybridization","level":4,"score":0.43834397196769714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30481170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37748","display_name":"Chromosome","level":3,"score":0.43078961968421936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778461978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29496","display_name":"Leukemia","level":2,"score":0.41957178711891174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49105822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176996","display_name":"Polymerase chain reaction","level":3,"score":0.41388148069381714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.3215588331222534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141231307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7020","display_name":"Genome","level":3,"score":0.3144815266132355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150194340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972","display_name":"Gene expression","level":3,"score":0.18340399861335754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29537977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188941","display_name":"Cell cycle","level":3,"score":0.159171462059021}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001483","descriptor_name":"Base Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002869","descriptor_name":"Chromosome Aberrations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002871","descriptor_name":"Chromosome Banding","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002874","descriptor_name":"Chromosome Mapping","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004273","descriptor_name":"DNA, Neoplasm","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005784","descriptor_name":"Gene Amplification","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005914","descriptor_name":"Globins","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008969","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Data","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014407","descriptor_name":"Tumor Cells, Cultured","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015473","descriptor_name":"Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016133","descriptor_name":"Polymerase Chain Reaction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016259","descriptor_name":"Genes, myc","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016271","descriptor_name":"Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017404","descriptor_name":"In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/gcc.2870080308","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gcc.2870080308","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gcc.2870080308","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S200862508","display_name":"Genes Chromosomes and Cancer","issn_l":"1045-2257","issn":["1045-2257","1098-2264"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genes, Chromosomes and Cancer","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:7509627","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7509627","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genes, chromosomes & cancer","raw_type":"Case Reports"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/case-report","display_name":"Case Report"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W182996286","https://openalex.org/W296957822","https://openalex.org/W1525850954","https://openalex.org/W1554600230","https://openalex.org/W1968046362","https://openalex.org/W1982016399","https://openalex.org/W2000795271","https://openalex.org/W2032118018","https://openalex.org/W2036434511","https://openalex.org/W2042212574","https://openalex.org/W2048324748","https://openalex.org/W2082057691","https://openalex.org/W2085020531","https://openalex.org/W2085214231","https://openalex.org/W2120321636","https://openalex.org/W2157952933","https://openalex.org/W2407345634","https://openalex.org/W4232471980"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2065992607","https://openalex.org/W2084913940","https://openalex.org/W2418446024","https://openalex.org/W2144119298","https://openalex.org/W2062132430","https://openalex.org/W1987792884","https://openalex.org/W2404750618","https://openalex.org/W2003364679","https://openalex.org/W2022125478","https://openalex.org/W2567232786"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"case":[1],"of":[2,23,32,61,84,90,108],"acute":[3],"myeloid":[4],"leukemia":[5],"(M-3)":[6],"with":[7,99],"complex":[8],"karyotypic":[9],"aberrations":[10,92],"and":[11,93],"double":[12],"minute":[13],"(dmin)":[14],"chromosomes":[15],"is":[16],"presented.":[17],"The":[18,88],"patient":[19],"had":[20],"no":[21],"history":[22],"prior":[24],"exposure":[25],"to":[26,51,57,104],"mutagenic":[27],"or":[28,31],"carcinogenic":[29],"agents":[30],"other":[33],"malignancies.":[34],"She":[35],"died":[36],"from":[37],"CNS":[38],"involvement":[39],"six":[40],"weeks":[41],"after":[42],"the":[43,53,59,62,65,85,94,105],"initial":[44],"diagnosis.":[45],"We":[46],"used":[47],"comparative":[48],"genomic":[49],"hybridization":[50],"identify":[52],"amplified":[54],"sequences":[55],"presumed":[56],"represent":[58],"dmin":[60],"leukemic":[63],"cells;":[64],"tumor/normal":[66],"ratios":[67],"indicated":[68],"increased":[69],"signal":[70],"intensity":[71],"at":[72],"8q24.":[73],"This":[74],"localization":[75],"prompted":[76],"investigation":[77],"by":[78],"semi-quantitative":[79],"PCR":[80],"that":[81],"revealed":[82],"amplification":[83],"MYC":[86],"oncogene.":[87],"extent":[89],"chromosome":[91],"oncogene":[95],"amplification,":[96],"both":[97],"linked":[98],"poor":[100],"prognosis,":[101],"may":[102],"relate":[103],"rapid":[106],"course":[107],"this":[109],"patient's":[110],"disease.":[111]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
