{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2170701003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.90242.2008","title":"Upregulation of GRAIL is associated with remission of ulcerative colitis","display_name":"Upregulation of GRAIL is associated with remission of ulcerative colitis","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-05-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2170701003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.90242.2008","mag":"2170701003","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18467499"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1152/ajpgi.90242.2008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.90242.2008","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.90242.2008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34136372","display_name":"American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology","issn_l":"0193-1857","issn":["0193-1857","1522-1547"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320155","host_organization_name":"American Physiological Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320155"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physiological Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075683013","display_name":"Satoshi Egawa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7776-6470","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7776-6470"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98285908","display_name":"The University of Osaka","ror":"https://ror.org/035t8zc32","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Satoshi Egawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 K1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 K1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065377682","display_name":"Hideki Iijima","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5423-3059","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5423-3059"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hideki Iijima","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029088191","display_name":"Shinichiro Shinzaki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7051-618X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7051-618X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shinichiro Shinzaki","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112264972","display_name":"Sachiko Nakajima","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sachiko Nakajima","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100384671","display_name":"Jun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9957-9208","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9957-9208","https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2050-1206","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1073-529X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040876355","display_name":"Jumpei Kondo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1350-0480","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1350-0480"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jumpei Kondo","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109804722","display_name":"Shuji Ishii","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuji Ishii","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043078485","display_name":"Toshiyuki Yoshio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6546-0329","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6546-0329"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toshiyuki Yoshio","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062450883","display_name":"Takanobu Irie","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takanobu Irie","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042725263","display_name":"Tsutomu Nishida","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4037-9003","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4037-9003"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tsutomu Nishida","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111740247","display_name":"Yoshimi Kakiuchi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoshimi Kakiuchi","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012104579","display_name":"Masakazu Yasumaru","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masakazu Yasumaru","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102142510","display_name":"Harumasa Yoshihara","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harumasa Yoshihara","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056616389","display_name":"Tatsuya Kanto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4800-6754","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4800-6754"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tatsuya Kanto","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051625411","display_name":"Masahiko Tsujii","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masahiko Tsujii","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060389174","display_name":"Shingo Tsuji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0598-3694","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0598-3694"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shingo Tsuji","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014582936","display_name":"Norio Hayashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9309-1113","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9309-1113"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Norio Hayashi","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5703,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71172258,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"295","issue":"1","first_page":"G163","last_page":"G169"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10134","display_name":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10134","display_name":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11194","display_name":"Ocular Diseases and Beh\u00e7et\u2019s Syndrome","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ulcerative-colitis","display_name":"ulcerative colitis","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grail","display_name":"GRAIL","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/e3-ubiquitin-ligase","display_name":"E3 ubiquitin ligase","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pruritus","display_name":"pruritus","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c-cbl","display_name":"c-Cbl","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cell-anergy","display_name":"T cell anergy","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-tolerance","display_name":"immune tolerance","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd4-t-cells","display_name":"CD4+ T cells","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remission","display_name":"remission","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leukapheresis","display_name":"leukapheresis","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prednisolone","display_name":"prednisolone","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-activity-index","display_name":"clinical activity index","score":0.5860000252723694}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780479503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1477","display_name":"Ulcerative colitis","level":3,"score":0.7199033498764038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781270358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5885594","display_name":"Holy Grail","level":2,"score":0.6346514225006104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.5513911247253418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5167633295059204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127561419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224527","display_name":"Downregulation and upregulation","level":3,"score":0.4896834194660187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10162356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135939","display_name":"Pathophysiology","level":2,"score":0.4736329913139343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780942790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372016","display_name":"Pathogenesis","level":2,"score":0.4735511839389801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.3221547603607178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.24662089347839355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2433949112892151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.2057114839553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.06197798252105713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002478","descriptor_name":"Cells, Cultured","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003093","descriptor_name":"Colitis, Ulcerative","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003093","descriptor_name":"Colitis, Ulcerative","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007476","descriptor_name":"Ionophores","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007937","descriptor_name":"Leukapheresis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012097","descriptor_name":"Repressor Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012097","descriptor_name":"Repressor Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012333","descriptor_name":"RNA, Messenger","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012333","descriptor_name":"RNA, Messenger","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015496","descriptor_name":"CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015496","descriptor_name":"CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015759","descriptor_name":"Ionomycin","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015854","descriptor_name":"Up-Regulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D044767","descriptor_name":"Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D044767","descriptor_name":"Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D050721","descriptor_name":"Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-cbl","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D050721","descriptor_name":"Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-cbl","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1152/ajpgi.90242.2008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.90242.2008","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.90242.2008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34136372","display_name":"American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology","issn_l":"0193-1857","issn":["0193-1857","1522-1547"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320155","host_organization_name":"American Physiological Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320155"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physiological Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18467499","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18467499","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9907000064849854,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1507268184","https://openalex.org/W1529360504","https://openalex.org/W1661750169","https://openalex.org/W1903448256","https://openalex.org/W1973755084","https://openalex.org/W1976595234","https://openalex.org/W1977058089","https://openalex.org/W1981096579","https://openalex.org/W1988975884","https://openalex.org/W1994734856","https://openalex.org/W2005935110","https://openalex.org/W2013333236","https://openalex.org/W2025332550","https://openalex.org/W2035960239","https://openalex.org/W2038600671","https://openalex.org/W2058905949","https://openalex.org/W2066754670","https://openalex.org/W2070491055","https://openalex.org/W2110924390","https://openalex.org/W2112506009","https://openalex.org/W2124346088","https://openalex.org/W2130865756","https://openalex.org/W2139697729","https://openalex.org/W2159987448","https://openalex.org/W2161667176","https://openalex.org/W2166930089","https://openalex.org/W2167219514","https://openalex.org/W2317908254","https://openalex.org/W4211164442","https://openalex.org/W4313333763"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967327755","https://openalex.org/W1984995730","https://openalex.org/W2030269101","https://openalex.org/W7098621963","https://openalex.org/W2124346088","https://openalex.org/W4313386525","https://openalex.org/W2587102995","https://openalex.org/W1490175179","https://openalex.org/W7096664829","https://openalex.org/W4416448411"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abrogating":[0],"tolerance":[1],"against":[2],"unidentified":[3],"antigens":[4],"is":[5,52],"a":[6],"critical":[7],"step":[8],"in":[9,42,48,62,72,87,110,129,164,168,171,177,191,212,225,238,241],"the":[10,21,69,80,101,105],"pathogenesis":[11],"of":[12,20,24,68,82,104,115,151,184],"ulcerative":[13],"colitis":[14],"(UC).":[15],"T":[16,90,113,145],"cell":[17],"anergy,":[18],"one":[19],"main":[22],"mechanisms":[23],"tolerance,":[25],"has":[26],"been":[27],"shown":[28],"to":[29,40],"be":[30],"induced":[31],"by":[32,94],"E3":[33,58,70,106],"ubiquitin":[34],"ligases,":[35],"such":[36],"as":[37],"gene":[38],"related":[39],"anergy":[41],"lymphocytes":[43],"(GRAIL),":[44],"Itch,":[45,84,153],"and":[46,85,97,120,135,140,154,176,214,227],"c-Cbl":[47,86,155,215],"mice.":[49],"However,":[50],"it":[51],"not":[53],"well":[54],"known":[55],"whether":[56],"these":[57],"ligases":[59,71,107],"play":[60],"roles":[61],"human":[63,88,143],"diseases.":[64],"The":[65,182],"pathophysiological":[66],"role":[67,237],"patients":[73,117,130,165,172,192,218,222,242],"with":[74,118,131,138,166,173,193,219,223,243],"UC":[75,119,133,167,224],"was":[76,92,108,127,161,187],"investigated.":[77],"At":[78],"first,":[79],"expression":[81,103,126,160,186,216],"GRAIL,":[83,152],"anergic":[89],"cells":[91,114,146],"analyzed":[93,109,128],"quantitative":[95],"RT-PCR":[96],"Western":[98],"immunoblotting.":[99],"Next,":[100],"mRNA":[102,125],"peripheral":[111],"CD4+":[112,144],"20":[116],"10":[121],"healthy":[122],"volunteers":[123],"(HV).":[124],"active":[132,174,194,220],"before":[134],"after":[136,202],"treatment":[137,203],"prednisolone":[139],"leukocytapheresis.":[141],"Anergic":[142],"expressed":[147],"significantly":[148,162,189],"higher":[149,163],"levels":[150],"than":[156,170],"nonanergic":[157],"cells.":[158],"GRAIL":[159,185,233],"remission":[169,240],"disease":[175,195],"HV":[178],"(P":[179,204],"<":[180,205],"0.01).":[181],"level":[183],"also":[188],"increased":[190],"whose":[196],"clinical":[197],"activity":[198],"index":[199],"scores":[200],"improved":[201],"0.05).":[206],"There":[207],"were":[208],"no":[209],"significant":[210],"differences":[211],"Itch":[213],"among":[217],"UC,":[221],"remission,":[226],"HV.":[228],"These":[229],"data":[230],"suggest":[231],"that":[232],"plays":[234],"an":[235],"important":[236],"maintaining":[239],"UC.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
