{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2170468700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0146621611407305","title":"Modeling Individual Differences in Numerical Reasoning Speed as a Random Effect of Response Time Limits","display_name":"Modeling Individual Differences in Numerical Reasoning Speed as a Random Effect of Response Time Limits","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-08-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2170468700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0146621611407305","mag":"2170468700"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0146621611407305","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0146621611407305","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0146621611407305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S94663699","display_name":"Applied Psychological Measurement","issn_l":"0146-6216","issn":["0146-6216","1552-3497"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Psychological Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074418727","display_name":"Robert Semmes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Semmes","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068525513","display_name":"Mark L. Davison","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3656-9672","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3656-9672"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mark L. Davison","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085032990","display_name":"Catherine N. Close","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catherine Close","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068525513"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.5162,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96538543,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"6","first_page":"433","last_page":"446"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11345","display_name":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11577","display_name":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/numerical-reasoning","display_name":"numerical reasoning","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-effects","display_name":"random effects","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/individual-differences","display_name":"individual differences","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speed-accuracy-trade-off","display_name":"speed-accuracy trade-off","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychometric-modeling","display_name":"psychometric modeling","score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-statistics","display_name":"reliability statistics","score":0.328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/log-odds-ratio","display_name":"log odds ratio","score":0.8309999704360962}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.689723551273346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.6876404285430908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151201525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177239","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6044495105743408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781011336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1465133","display_name":"Time limit","level":2,"score":0.5993587374687195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5725467801094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.5671281218528748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.562619149684906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780210587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1077350","display_name":"Speed limit","level":2,"score":0.4547700881958008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143095724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q515895","display_name":"Odds","level":3,"score":0.420888751745224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.17143309116363525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.12036284804344177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08635085821151733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.07459515333175659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0146621611407305","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0146621611407305","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0146621611407305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S94663699","display_name":"Applied Psychological Measurement","issn_l":"0146-6216","issn":["0146-6216","1552-3497"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Psychological Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.8399999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W430476568","https://openalex.org/W1546175221","https://openalex.org/W1588286827","https://openalex.org/W1737371909","https://openalex.org/W1990099821","https://openalex.org/W1994604337","https://openalex.org/W2020575094","https://openalex.org/W2029574036","https://openalex.org/W2031792658","https://openalex.org/W2052342715","https://openalex.org/W2056652200","https://openalex.org/W2090448196","https://openalex.org/W2127621753","https://openalex.org/W2139860022","https://openalex.org/W2142635246","https://openalex.org/W2144871228","https://openalex.org/W2153998488","https://openalex.org/W2163403362","https://openalex.org/W2164245469","https://openalex.org/W2164535268","https://openalex.org/W2482809551","https://openalex.org/W2505213109","https://openalex.org/W3108610876","https://openalex.org/W4243004148","https://openalex.org/W4247425252"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2079367278","https://openalex.org/W6908383602","https://openalex.org/W2319998274","https://openalex.org/W2011130275","https://openalex.org/W2021787859","https://openalex.org/W2904025338","https://openalex.org/W1484113023","https://openalex.org/W2099949657","https://openalex.org/W1973484776","https://openalex.org/W2609615857"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"If":[0],"numerical":[1,20,35,144],"reasoning":[2,36,145],"items":[3],"are":[4,175],"administered":[5],"under":[6],"time":[7,45,76,94],"limits,":[8,95],"will":[9],"two":[10],"dimensions":[11],"be":[12],"required":[13],"to":[14,56,98,134],"account":[15,99],"for":[16,100,141,170],"the":[17,49,57,83,90,107,135,143,148,156,172],"responses,":[18],"a":[19,24,65,72,87],"ability":[21],"dimension":[22,146,174],"and":[23,43,69,127,168],"speed":[25,88,173],"dimension?":[26],"A":[27,150],"total":[28],"of":[29,75,93,106,155,163],"182":[30],"college":[31],"students":[32],"answered":[33],"74":[34],"items.":[37],"Every":[38],"item":[39],"was":[40,110],"taken":[41],"with":[42,120],"without":[44],"limits":[46],"by":[47,142],"half":[48],"students.":[50],"Three":[51],"psychometric":[52],"models":[53],"were":[54,118],"fit":[55,82],"data\u2014one":[58],"including":[59,64,71],"no":[60],"time-limit":[61,67],"effect,":[62,68],"one":[63,70],"fixed":[66],"random":[73,91],"effect":[74,92],"limits.":[77],"The":[78,103],"latter":[79],"model":[80],"best":[81],"data,":[84],"suggesting":[85],"that":[86],"dimension,":[89],"is":[96,159],"needed":[97],"time-limited":[101],"responses.":[102],"estimated":[104],"reliability":[105,167],"Speed":[108,116,130,157,165],"scores":[109,117,126,131],".39.":[111],"Despite":[112],"this":[113],"low":[114],"reliability,":[115],"correlated":[119],"American":[121],"College":[122],"Testing":[123],"(ACT)":[124],"math":[125,137],"response":[128],"times.":[129],"added":[132],"significantly":[133],"ACT":[136],"score":[138,158,166],"variance":[139],"accounted":[140],"in":[147],"model.":[149],"within-person":[151],"log-odds":[152],"ratio":[153],"interpretation":[154],"proposed.":[160],"Possible":[161],"methods":[162,169],"improving":[164],"studying":[171],"discussed.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-03T13:16:28.481748","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
