{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2170296447","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/58.84299","title":"Effect of phase errors on field patterns generated by an ultrasound phased-array hyperthermia applicator","display_name":"Effect of phase errors on field patterns generated by an ultrasound phased-array hyperthermia applicator","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2170296447","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/58.84299","mag":"2170296447","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18267616"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/58.84299","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/58.84299","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/58.84299","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120877133","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control","issn_l":"0885-3010","issn":["0885-3010","1525-8955","2373-7840"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"H. Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electr. Eng. and Comput. Sci., Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor, MI","Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng. and Comput. Sci., Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003250799","display_name":"Emad S. Ebbini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1334-5502","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1334-5502"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Ebbini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113028792","display_name":"Charles A. Cain","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C.A. Cain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2807,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80671985,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"5","first_page":"521","last_page":"531"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10958","display_name":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10958","display_name":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10822","display_name":"Acoustic Wave Phenomena Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasound-phased-array","display_name":"ultrasound phased array","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperthermia-applicator","display_name":"hyperthermia applicator","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-quantization-error","display_name":"phase quantization error","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-phase-errors","display_name":"random phase errors","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tissue-heterogeneity","display_name":"tissue heterogeneity","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/one-bit-quantization","display_name":"1-bit quantization","score":0.5929999947547913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.7318012118339539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55494473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727898","display_name":"Phased array","level":3,"score":0.6354674696922302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.6207922101020813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.5629209280014038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.4779374897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64297162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1987070","display_name":"Deposition (geology)","level":3,"score":0.4478781521320343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.44701093435287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4049380123615265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3583550453186035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.33913347125053406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3271945118904114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.32695168256759644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3025190830230713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2609875500202179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.20763257145881653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.06996852159500122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2816523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180184","display_name":"Sediment","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/58.84299","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/58.84299","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/58.84299","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120877133","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control","issn_l":"0885-3010","issn":["0885-3010","1525-8955","2373-7840"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18267616","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18267616","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.5683000087738037}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W54537136","https://openalex.org/W322291056","https://openalex.org/W1972736234","https://openalex.org/W2013326714","https://openalex.org/W2014670160","https://openalex.org/W2019876175","https://openalex.org/W2032689040","https://openalex.org/W2044671296","https://openalex.org/W2076034284","https://openalex.org/W2077224883","https://openalex.org/W2088196559","https://openalex.org/W2108253062","https://openalex.org/W2108831470","https://openalex.org/W2154165944","https://openalex.org/W2169111284","https://openalex.org/W2171094516","https://openalex.org/W3142105803","https://openalex.org/W4235059791","https://openalex.org/W4241673725"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2165916947","https://openalex.org/W2170932009","https://openalex.org/W2610555714","https://openalex.org/W2154974621","https://openalex.org/W2233677563","https://openalex.org/W1985393596","https://openalex.org/W1972736234","https://openalex.org/W2101183435","https://openalex.org/W2588637415","https://openalex.org/W2534819256"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,26],"effect":[1],"of":[2,34,53,75,78],"phase":[3,10,45,65,73,107,125],"quantization":[4],"errors":[5,11,126],"and":[6,51],"Gaussian":[7,70],"distributed":[8,71],"random":[9,72],"on":[12],"field":[13],"patterns":[14,41,100,116],"synthesized":[15],"by":[16],"a":[17,69],"rectangular":[18],"ultrasound":[19],"phased":[20],"array":[21],"hyperthermia":[22],"applicator":[23,84],"is":[24],"studied.":[25],"parameters":[27],"defined":[28],"show":[29,60],"that,":[30,61],"over":[31],"the":[32,39,48,54,83,97,113,118],"range":[33],"four-bit":[35],"to":[36,124,128],"one-bit":[37,64],"quantization,":[38,66],"simulated,":[40],"degrade":[42],"with":[43,63,68],"increasing":[44],"errors.":[46],"However,":[47],"overall":[49],"shape":[50],"position":[52],"foci":[55],"remain":[56],"unchanged.":[57],"Simulation":[58],"results":[59],"even":[62],"or":[67],"error":[74,108],"standard":[76],"deviation":[77],"about":[79],"52":[80],"degrees":[81],",":[82],"can":[85],"still":[86],"produce":[87],"useful,":[88],"if":[89],"not":[90],"particularly":[91],"clean,":[92],"power":[93,98,114],"deposition":[94,99,115],"patterns.":[95],"Thus,":[96],"are":[101],"remarkably":[102],"stable":[103],"tolerating":[104],"quite":[105],"large":[106],"levels.":[109],"This":[110],"suggests":[111],"that":[112],"inside":[117],"body":[119],"may":[120],"be":[121],"relatively":[122],"insensitive":[123],"due":[127],"tissue":[129],"inhomogeneities.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
