{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2170271978","doi":null,"title":"Cyclooxygenase-2 is up-regulated in proliferative inflammatory atrophy of the prostate, but not in prostate carcinoma.","display_name":"Cyclooxygenase-2 is up-regulated in proliferative inflammatory atrophy of the prostate, but not in prostate carcinoma.","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-12-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2170271978","mag":"2170271978","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11751373"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:11751373","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11751373","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancer research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035696127","display_name":"Shan Zha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6568-1818","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6568-1818"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799853436","display_name":"Johns Hopkins Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/037zgn354","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Zha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Program of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Program of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109068698","display_name":"Wesley R. Gage","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W R Gage","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044813094","display_name":"Jurga Sauvageot","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J Sauvageot","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064819594","display_name":"Elizabeth A. Saria","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E A Saria","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111655260","display_name":"Mathew J. Putzi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M J Putzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031539547","display_name":"Charles M. Ewing","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C M Ewing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011081015","display_name":"Dennis Faith","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D A Faith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021386247","display_name":"William G. Nelson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4379-0730","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4379-0730"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W G Nelson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083333223","display_name":"Angelo Michael De Marzo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4847-5307","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4847-5307"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A M De Marzo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068348417","display_name":"William B. Isaacs","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6599-6775","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6599-6775"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W B Isaacs","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.1184,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":269,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98534799,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":"24","first_page":"8617","last_page":"23"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10678","display_name":"Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10678","display_name":"Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10543","display_name":"Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research","score":0.003000000026077032,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10124","display_name":"Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2748","display_name":"Urology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyclooxygenase-2","display_name":"cyclooxygenase-2","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proliferative-inflammatory-atrophy","display_name":"proliferative inflammatory atrophy","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prostate-cancer","display_name":"prostate cancer","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prostatic-intraepithelial-neoplasia","display_name":"prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prostate-carcinogenesis","display_name":"prostate carcinogenesis","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonsteroidal-anti-inflammatory-drugs","display_name":"nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phorbol-ester-induction","display_name":"phorbol ester induction","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macrophages","display_name":"macrophages","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prostate-cancer-cell-lines","display_name":"prostate cancer cell lines","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemoprevention","display_name":"chemoprevention","score":0.7919999957084656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776438761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5206280","display_name":"DU145","level":5,"score":0.8716921806335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779723316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6459234","display_name":"LNCaP","level":4,"score":0.7086237072944641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780192828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181257","display_name":"Prostate cancer","level":3,"score":0.6936229467391968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776235491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9625","display_name":"Prostate","level":3,"score":0.6777259111404419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555283112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637543","display_name":"Carcinogenesis","level":3,"score":0.5665457844734192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.5445575714111328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5312910676002502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.4601081311702728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.4443262219429016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779689624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410251","display_name":"Cyclooxygenase","level":3,"score":0.44413483142852783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780524745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372752","display_name":"Prostatitis","level":4,"score":0.44249770045280457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777376040","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418384","display_name":"Fisetin","level":4,"score":0.4420907199382782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3277265131473541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3174717426300049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.06238332390785217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778004101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133948","display_name":"Antioxidant","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779054382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72185287","display_name":"Flavonoid","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001284","descriptor_name":"Atrophy","qualifier_ui":"Q000201","qualifier_name":"enzymology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004848","descriptor_name":"Epithelium","qualifier_ui":"Q000201","qualifier_name":"enzymology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004848","descriptor_name":"Epithelium","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007150","descriptor_name":"Immunohistochemistry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007527","descriptor_name":"Isoenzymes","qualifier_ui":"Q000096","qualifier_name":"biosynthesis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007527","descriptor_name":"Isoenzymes","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008565","descriptor_name":"Membrane Proteins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011451","descriptor_name":"Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases","qualifier_ui":"Q000096","qualifier_name":"biosynthesis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011451","descriptor_name":"Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011467","descriptor_name":"Prostate","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011471","descriptor_name":"Prostatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000201","qualifier_name":"enzymology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011471","descriptor_name":"Prostatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011471","descriptor_name":"Prostatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012333","descriptor_name":"RNA, Messenger","qualifier_ui":"Q000096","qualifier_name":"biosynthesis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012333","descriptor_name":"RNA, Messenger","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014407","descriptor_name":"Tumor Cells, Cultured","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015153","descriptor_name":"Blotting, Western","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015854","descriptor_name":"Up-Regulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017154","descriptor_name":"Stromal Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000201","qualifier_name":"enzymology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017154","descriptor_name":"Stromal Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018450","descriptor_name":"Disease Progression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020133","descriptor_name":"Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051546","descriptor_name":"Cyclooxygenase 2","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:11751373","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11751373","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancer research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.507.8805","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.507.8805","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://demarzolab.pathology.jhmi.edu/docs/reprints/Zha_Cox_2_Can_Res.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2170271978","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11751373","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4694266346","display_name":"MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY OF STEM CELLS IN CANCER","funder_award_id":"K08CA078588","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6257854233","display_name":"SPORE in Prostate Cancer","funder_award_id":"P50CA058236","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W53121546","https://openalex.org/W107315917","https://openalex.org/W201416163","https://openalex.org/W1520768026","https://openalex.org/W1576886636","https://openalex.org/W1597643123","https://openalex.org/W1647640400","https://openalex.org/W1752932536","https://openalex.org/W1837402230","https://openalex.org/W1970020277","https://openalex.org/W1979201752","https://openalex.org/W1980235624","https://openalex.org/W1981159707","https://openalex.org/W1987152105","https://openalex.org/W1990148861","https://openalex.org/W1998367275","https://openalex.org/W1998394615","https://openalex.org/W2001872687","https://openalex.org/W2010973568","https://openalex.org/W2023520601","https://openalex.org/W2024087814","https://openalex.org/W2028236892","https://openalex.org/W2035768602","https://openalex.org/W2038981894","https://openalex.org/W2042296424","https://openalex.org/W2043707891","https://openalex.org/W2043944220","https://openalex.org/W2049821512","https://openalex.org/W2050888137","https://openalex.org/W2051686420","https://openalex.org/W2052964069","https://openalex.org/W2062813587","https://openalex.org/W2066721378","https://openalex.org/W2070088082","https://openalex.org/W2087810003","https://openalex.org/W2088172693","https://openalex.org/W2089652639","https://openalex.org/W2095527205","https://openalex.org/W2114521891","https://openalex.org/W2119863126","https://openalex.org/W2126853519","https://openalex.org/W2127558096","https://openalex.org/W2140464842","https://openalex.org/W2150794592","https://openalex.org/W2150966393","https://openalex.org/W2170720478","https://openalex.org/W2303469300","https://openalex.org/W2326959205","https://openalex.org/W2413961111","https://openalex.org/W2470911122"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7097878874","https://openalex.org/W2050888137","https://openalex.org/W2122258326","https://openalex.org/W1965103420","https://openalex.org/W1837402230","https://openalex.org/W2024087814","https://openalex.org/W2127176432","https://openalex.org/W2062853858","https://openalex.org/W2080527581","https://openalex.org/W1487226962"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cyclooxygenase-2":[0],"(COX-2)":[1],"is":[2,34],"the":[3,7,43,55,75],"inducible":[4],"isoform":[5],"of":[6,32,57,114,133,175,204],"rate-limiting":[8],"enzymes":[9],"that":[10,30,180,209],"convert":[11],"arachidonic":[12],"acid":[13],"to":[14,124,226],"proinflammatory":[15],"prostaglandins":[16],"as":[17,19,144],"well":[18],"a":[20,246],"primary":[21],"target":[22],"for":[23,219],"nonsteroidal":[24,211],"anti-inflammatory":[25,212],"drugs.":[26],"Accumulating":[27],"evidence":[28],"suggests":[29],"up-regulation":[31],"COX-2":[33,58,83,134,231],"associated":[35],"with":[36,146],"carcinogenesis":[37],"in":[38,62,69,100,107,122,135,156,160,173,184,193,233],"multiple":[39],"organ":[40],"systems":[41],"including":[42],"large":[44],"bowel,":[45],"lung,":[46],"breast,":[47],"and":[48,60,68,81,102,109,163,197],"prostate.":[49],"In":[50,74],"this":[51],"report,":[52],"we":[53],"examine":[54],"expression":[56,85],"protein":[59,84],"mRNA":[61],"prostate":[63,70,117,137,149,220],"tissue":[64,165],"containing":[65],"various":[66],"lesions":[67,179],"cancer":[71,118,138],"cell":[72,76],"lines.":[73],"lines,":[77],"LNCaP,":[78],"DU145,":[79],"PC-3,":[80],"TSU,":[82],"was":[86,129,153,168,188],"undetectable":[87],"under":[88],"basal":[89],"conditions":[90],"but":[91,105,167],"could":[92],"be":[93,227],"induced":[94],"transiently":[95],"by":[96,229,244],"phorbol":[97],"ester":[98],"treatment":[99],"PC-3":[101],"TSU":[103],"cells,":[104],"not":[106],"DU145":[108],"LNCaP":[110],"cells.":[111],"Immunohistochemical":[112],"analysis":[113],"144":[115],"human":[116],"cases":[119],"suggested":[120],"that,":[121],"contrast":[123],"several":[125],"previous":[126],"reports,":[127],"there":[128],"no":[130],"consistent":[131],"overexpression":[132],"established":[136],"or":[139,239,243],"high-grade":[140],"prostatic":[141,185],"intraepithelial":[142],"neoplasia,":[143],"compared":[145],"adjacent":[147],"normal":[148,164],"tissue.":[150],"Positive":[151],"staining":[152],"seen":[154,190],"only":[155],"scattered":[157],"cells":[158,235,238],"(<1%)":[159],"both":[161],"tumor":[162],"regions":[166],"much":[169],"more":[170],"consistently":[171],"observed":[172],"areas":[174],"proliferative":[176],"inflammatory":[177,237],"atrophy,":[178],"have":[181],"been":[182],"implicated":[183],"carcinogenesis.":[186],"Staining":[187],"also":[189],"at":[191],"times":[192],"macrophages.":[194],"Western":[195],"blotting":[196],"quantitative":[198],"RT-PCR":[199],"analyses":[200],"confirmed":[201],"these":[202],"patterns":[203],"expression.":[205],"These":[206],"results":[207],"suggest":[208],"if":[210],"drugs":[213],"are":[214,224],"indeed":[215],"chemopreventive":[216],"and/or":[217],"chemotherapeutic":[218],"cancer,":[221],"their":[222],"effects":[223],"likely":[225],"mediated":[228],"modulating":[230],"activity":[232],"non-PCa":[234],"(either":[236],"atrophic":[240],"epithelial":[241],"cells)":[242],"affecting":[245],"COX-2-independent":[247],"pathway.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}