{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2169505929","doi":null,"title":"Social Carrying Capacity as a Management Tool for Sandy Beaches","display_name":"Social Carrying Capacity as a Management Tool for Sandy Beaches","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-07-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2169505929","mag":"2169505929"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2169505929","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://tearai.kete.net.nz/documents/0000/0000/0182/carrying_capbeach.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130567056","display_name":"Journal of Coastal Research","issn_l":"0749-0208","issn":["0749-0208","1551-5036"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800577","host_organization_name":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Coastal Education and Research Foundation"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Coastal Research","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080299937","display_name":"M. C. De Ruyck","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. C. De Ruyck","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111859905","display_name":"Alexandre G. Soares","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexandre G. Soares","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103781229","display_name":"Anton McLachlan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anton McLachlan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.837,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":110,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97944079,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"3","first_page":"822","last_page":"830"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11793","display_name":"Recreation, Leisure, Wilderness Management","score":0.7562999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1409","display_name":"Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11793","display_name":"Recreation, Leisure, Wilderness Management","score":0.7562999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1409","display_name":"Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12414","display_name":"Coastal and Marine Management","score":0.11079999804496765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10055","display_name":"Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research","score":0.0333000011742115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1409","display_name":"Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-carrying-capacity","display_name":"social carrying capacity","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sandy-beaches","display_name":"sandy beaches","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visitor-density","display_name":"visitor density","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beach-management","display_name":"beach management","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beachfront-development","display_name":"beachfront development","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beach-facilities","display_name":"beach facilities","score":0.7760000228881836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48947383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830719","display_name":"Visitor pattern","level":2,"score":0.9523542523384094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149333683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5189188","display_name":"Crowding","level":2,"score":0.6303078532218933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5415495038032532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74880916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128140","display_name":"Plage","level":3,"score":0.4879316985607147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77077793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336019","display_name":"Abundance (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.44755131006240845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.3558957874774933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.34992921352386475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.32657507061958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C505870484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538","display_name":"Fishery","level":1,"score":0.28122997283935547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.21645000576972961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.13508164882659912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.12279310822486877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.10556530952453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152382732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q468756","display_name":"Shore","level":2,"score":0.08680707216262817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2169505929","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://tearai.kete.net.nz/documents/0000/0000/0182/carrying_capbeach.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130567056","display_name":"Journal of Coastal Research","issn_l":"0749-0208","issn":["0749-0208","1551-5036"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800577","host_organization_name":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Coastal Education and Research Foundation"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Coastal Research","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.5142999887466431}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1604935088","https://openalex.org/W1606891127","https://openalex.org/W2014945587","https://openalex.org/W2031653910","https://openalex.org/W2034996652","https://openalex.org/W2093290823","https://openalex.org/W2100496666","https://openalex.org/W2462600315","https://openalex.org/W2793062258"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972123102","https://openalex.org/W7015571358","https://openalex.org/W7128567626","https://openalex.org/W2886000812","https://openalex.org/W2165755876","https://openalex.org/W2554681628","https://openalex.org/W2188185588","https://openalex.org/W2253667688","https://openalex.org/W4299054933","https://openalex.org/W4390959466"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,116],"social":[1,171,188,265],"carrying":[2,172,189,266,281],"capacity":[3,173,190,282],"(SCC)":[4],"of":[5,14,55,58,75,118,163,211,241,286],"three":[6,120],"South":[7],"African":[8],"sandy":[9],"beaches":[10,121],"with":[11,60,208,279],"different":[12,24],"levels":[13],"development":[15],"was":[16,27,104,175,226],"estimated":[17],"from":[18,177,192],"beach":[19,34,70,80,82,126,215,259,287],"users'":[20],"crowding":[21],"perception":[22],"at":[23,201],"densities.":[25],"This":[26],"obtained":[28,176],"by":[29,93],"questionnaire":[30],"survey":[31],"and":[32,41,64,85,127,134,185,243,260],"hourly":[33],"visitor":[35,71,87,102,109,114,129,139,179,193,261],"counts":[36],"on":[37,78,131,148,159,181,213,216,228,233],"26":[38,149],"December":[39,150],"1992":[40],"1":[42,217],"January":[43],"1993,":[44],"the":[45,52,79,112,119,123,135,160,178,182,209,214,219,229,234,239],"two":[46,168],"most":[47,204,220],"popular":[48],"days":[49,133],"for":[50],"visiting":[51],"beach.":[53,161],"Because":[54],"patchy":[56,113],"distribution":[57],"visitors":[59,76,212],"aggregation":[61],"around":[62],"entrances":[63],"lifeguard":[65],"zones,":[66],"we":[67],"distinguished":[68],"between":[69],"density":[72,88,91,103,140,187,224],"(total":[73],"number":[74,210],"counted":[77],"per":[81,143],"surface":[83],"area)":[84],"patch":[86,108,128,138,186],"(the":[89],"actual":[90],"observed":[92],"interviewers":[94],"in":[95,167,195,246],"10":[96,98,196,198],"X":[97],"m":[99,145,199],"blocks).":[100],"Beach":[101],"always":[105],"lower":[106,227],"than":[107,232],"density,":[110],"confirming":[111],"distribution.":[115],"smallest":[117],"showed":[122],"highest":[124,136],"mean":[125],"densities":[130,194],"both":[132],"maximum":[137],"(40":[141],"individuals":[142],"100":[144],"2":[146],"1992)":[151],"due":[152],"to":[153,283],"a":[154,272],"volley":[155],"ball":[156],"tournament":[157],"held":[158],"Estimates":[162],"SCC":[164,225,269],"were":[165],"expressed":[166],"forms.":[169],"Abundance":[170],"(ASCC)":[174],"abundance":[180],"entire":[183],"beach,":[184],"(PDSCC)":[191],"x":[197],"blocks":[200],"times":[202],"when":[203,276],"respondents":[205],"felt":[206],"comfortable":[207],"January,":[218],"crowded":[221],"day.":[222],"Patch":[223],"less":[230],"developed":[231,236],"more":[235],"beaches,":[237],"demonstrating":[238],"importance":[240],"facilities":[242],"crowd-attracting":[244,257],"activities":[245],"regulating":[247],"SCC.":[248],"We":[249],"conclude":[250],"that":[251],"external":[252],"factors":[253],"such":[254],"as":[255],"facilities,":[256],"activities,":[258],"group":[262],"size":[263],"enhance":[264],"capacity.":[267],"Furthermore,":[268],"can":[270],"be":[271],"powerful":[273],"managing":[274],"tool":[275],"used":[277],"together":[278],"ecological":[280],"determine":[284],"level":[285],"development.":[288]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
