{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2168937552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbm.808","title":"The predictive efficiency of school bullying versus later offending: A systematic/meta\u2010analytic review of longitudinal studies","display_name":"The predictive efficiency of school bullying versus later offending: A systematic/meta\u2010analytic review of longitudinal studies","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-03-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2168937552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbm.808","mag":"2168937552","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21370293"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/cbm.808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbm.808","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbm.808","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S49998023","display_name":"Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health","issn_l":"0957-9664","issn":["0957-9664","1471-2857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081399889","display_name":"Maria M. Ttofi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2725-0371","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2725-0371"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maria M. TTOFI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Criminology, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK. mt394@cam.ac.uk","Institute of Criminology, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Criminology, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK. mt394@cam.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Criminology, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076762560","display_name":"David P. Farrington","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1312-2325","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1312-2325"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David P. Farrington","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Criminology, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Criminology, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032652823","display_name":"Friedrich A. L\u00f6sel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5461-3003","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5461-3003"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Friedrich L\u00f6sel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Criminology, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Criminology, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102238860","display_name":"Rolf Loeber","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rolf Loeber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081399889"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"apc_list":{"value":3570,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3570},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":28.6788,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":422,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99788832,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"2","first_page":"80","last_page":"89"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10485","display_name":"Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10485","display_name":"Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.006099999882280827,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10565","display_name":"Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-bullying","display_name":"school bullying","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bullying-perpetration","display_name":"bullying perpetration","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offending","display_name":"offending","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-factors","display_name":"risk factors","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/childhood-risk-factors","display_name":"childhood risk factors","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bullying-prevention-programs","display_name":"bullying prevention programs","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/longitudinal-follow-up","display_name":"longitudinal follow-up","score":0.7089999914169312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.656004786491394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.6007353663444519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.5667977333068848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71376074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1001125","display_name":"Juvenile delinquency","level":2,"score":0.5143300294876099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190385971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373494","display_name":"Injury prevention","level":3,"score":0.4957026243209839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526869908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3298118","display_name":"Suicide prevention","level":3,"score":0.4713068902492523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166735990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1750812","display_name":"Human factors and ergonomics","level":3,"score":0.46675634384155273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.45868825912475586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.45736393332481384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777895361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758614","display_name":"Longitudinal study","level":2,"score":0.447967529296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187155963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629029","display_name":"Occupational safety and health","level":2,"score":0.42242205142974854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.4154149889945984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.35981613397598267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.3522970974445343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.28878235816955566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.13332945108413696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000374","descriptor_name":"Aggression","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008137","descriptor_name":"Longitudinal Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012574","descriptor_name":"Schools","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012931","descriptor_name":"Social Environment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014754","descriptor_name":"Violence","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016017","descriptor_name":"Odds Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019548","descriptor_name":"Crime Victims","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057237","descriptor_name":"Criminals","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058445","descriptor_name":"Bullying","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/cbm.808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbm.808","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbm.808","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S49998023","display_name":"Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health","issn_l":"0957-9664","issn":["0957-9664","1471-2857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:21370293","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21370293","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Criminal behaviour and mental health : CBMH","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506},{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8999999761581421}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"},{"display_name":"Meta-Analysis","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320004","display_name":"British Academy","ror":"https://ror.org/0302b4677"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W17660961","https://openalex.org/W647059031","https://openalex.org/W1897169335","https://openalex.org/W2033175318","https://openalex.org/W2067094531","https://openalex.org/W2115726033","https://openalex.org/W2126829586","https://openalex.org/W2142021991","https://openalex.org/W2170433550","https://openalex.org/W2334222286","https://openalex.org/W2562867154","https://openalex.org/W2894685982","https://openalex.org/W3126039412","https://openalex.org/W4244444436"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2009504607","https://openalex.org/W4235731069","https://openalex.org/W2005736971","https://openalex.org/W2009924377","https://openalex.org/W4402893370","https://openalex.org/W2020559600","https://openalex.org/W1994505010","https://openalex.org/W2125928349","https://openalex.org/W2006911531","https://openalex.org/W1987712513"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Although":[1],"bullying":[2,23,37,74,167,207],"and":[3,24,46,68,75,85,164,211,224],"delinquency":[4],"share":[5],"similar":[6],"risk":[7,57,135,146,202,213],"factors,":[8],"no":[9],"previous":[10],"systematic":[11,66],"review":[12,67],"has":[13],"ever":[14],"been":[15],"conducted":[16,94],"to":[17,35,106],"examine":[18],"possible":[19],"links":[20],"between":[21],"school":[22,40,73,114],"criminal":[25],"offending":[26,42,104],"later":[27,43,76,109,138,216],"in":[28,44,170],"life.":[29],"AIMS:":[30],"To":[31],"investigate":[32],"the":[33,159,189,198],"extent":[34],"which":[36],"perpetration":[38,131],"at":[39],"predicts":[41],"life,":[45],"whether":[47],"this":[48],"relation":[49],"holds":[50],"after":[51,141],"controlling":[52,142],"for":[53,97,113,117,137,143,215],"other":[54],"major":[55,144],"childhood":[56,145],"factors.":[58],"METHOD:":[59],"Results":[60],"are":[61,80],"based":[62,81],"on":[63,82],"a":[64,133,209,229,239],"thorough":[65],"meta-analysis":[69],"of":[70,90,103,175,200,231],"studies":[71,92],"measuring":[72],"offending.":[77,217],"Effect":[78,154],"sizes":[79,155],"both":[83],"published":[84],"unpublished":[86],"studies;":[87],"longitudinal":[88],"investigators":[89],"28":[91],"have":[93,238],"specific":[95,212],"analyses":[96],"our":[98],"review.":[99],"RESULTS:":[100],"The":[101,173],"probability":[102],"up":[105],"11":[107],"years":[108],"was":[110,132,162,168,182],"much":[111,196],"higher":[112],"bullies":[115],"than":[116],"non-involved":[118],"students":[119],"[odds":[120],"ratio":[121],"(OR)":[122],"=":[123,149],"2.50;":[124],"95%":[125,151],"confidence":[126],"interval":[127],"(CI):":[128],"2.03-3.08].":[129],"Bullying":[130],"significant":[134],"factor":[136,214],"offending,":[139],"even":[140],"factors":[147,203],"(OR":[148],"1.82,":[150],"CI:":[152],"1.55-2.14).":[153],"were":[156,180],"smaller":[157],"when":[158,166,177],"follow-up":[160],"period":[161],"longer":[163],"larger":[165],"assessed":[169],"older":[171],"children.":[172],"age":[174],"participants":[176],"outcome":[178],"measures":[179],"taken":[181],"negatively":[183],"related":[184],"with":[185],"effect":[186,191],"sizes.":[187],"Finally,":[188],"summary":[190],"size":[192],"did":[193],"not":[194],"decrease":[195],"as":[197,228],"number":[199],"controlled":[201],"increased.":[204],"CONCLUSIONS:":[205],"School":[206],"is":[208],"strong":[210],"Effective":[218],"anti-bullying":[219],"programmes":[220,236],"should":[221],"be":[222,226],"promoted,":[223],"could":[225],"viewed":[227],"form":[230],"early":[232],"crime":[233],"prevention.":[234],"Such":[235],"would":[237],"high":[240],"benefit":[241],":":[242],"cost":[243],"ratio.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":28}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
