{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2167672017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pola.1996.866","title":"The controlled flocculation of submicron emulsion particles. I. A three-step synthetic route to supermicron polymer particles","display_name":"The controlled flocculation of submicron emulsion particles. I. A three-step synthetic route to supermicron polymer particles","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-11-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2167672017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pola.1996.866","mag":"2167672017"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/pola.1996.866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pola.1996.866","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pola.1996.866","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92465984","display_name":"Journal of Polymer Science Part A Polymer Chemistry","issn_l":"0887-624X","issn":["0887-624X","1099-0518"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-70","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043092107","display_name":"Grant T. D. Shouldice","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Grant T. D. Shouldice","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108351113","display_name":"Alfred Rudin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alfred Rudin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064839233","display_name":"Anthony James Paine","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159094","display_name":"Xerox (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/04z9w5078","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132870","https://openalex.org/I4210159094"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anthony J. Paine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xerox Research Centre of Canada, 2660 Speakman Drive, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5K 2L1"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xerox Research Centre of Canada, 2660 Speakman Drive, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5K 2L1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159094"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064839233"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159094"],"apc_list":{"value":3200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3200},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3243,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59975274,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"15","first_page":"3061","last_page":"3069"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11915","display_name":"Pickering emulsions and particle stabilization","score":0.9672999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11915","display_name":"Pickering emulsions and particle stabilization","score":0.9672999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10721","display_name":"Surfactants and Colloidal Systems","score":0.018400000408291817,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1606","display_name":"Physical and Theoretical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10405","display_name":"Advanced Polymer Synthesis and Characterization","score":0.0038999998942017555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emulsion-polymerization","display_name":"emulsion polymerization","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cetylpyridinium-chloride","display_name":"cetylpyridinium chloride","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glass-transition-temperature","display_name":"glass transition temperature","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interparticle-interactions","display_name":"interparticle interactions","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggregate-size-distribution","display_name":"aggregate size distribution","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bimodal-size-distribution","display_name":"bimodal size distribution","score":0.7400000095367432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521977710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163","display_name":"Polymer","level":2,"score":0.5968962907791138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148815931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900689","display_name":"Flocculation","level":2,"score":0.5652764439582825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778123984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187634","display_name":"Emulsion","level":2,"score":0.5575115084648132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4679612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866298","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","level":2,"score":0.5260213017463684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.5225377082824707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5149194002151489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.4658665657043457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199002037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910678","display_name":"Emulsion polymerization","level":4,"score":0.4451688826084137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4280402958393097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122865956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q825643","display_name":"Glass transition","level":3,"score":0.41835784912109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.41801396012306213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3767881691455841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166940927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178827","display_name":"Monomer","level":3,"score":0.16939175128936768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/pola.1996.866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pola.1996.866","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pola.1996.866","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92465984","display_name":"Journal of Polymer Science Part A Polymer Chemistry","issn_l":"0887-624X","issn":["0887-624X","1099-0518"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-70","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W197555032","https://openalex.org/W561951669","https://openalex.org/W583828215","https://openalex.org/W1532205675","https://openalex.org/W1536532616","https://openalex.org/W1597740454","https://openalex.org/W1598314569","https://openalex.org/W1608033610","https://openalex.org/W1972149372","https://openalex.org/W1973270345","https://openalex.org/W1996582734","https://openalex.org/W1997064579","https://openalex.org/W1998665965","https://openalex.org/W2010121418","https://openalex.org/W2013856352","https://openalex.org/W2015643900","https://openalex.org/W2019096920","https://openalex.org/W2033111669","https://openalex.org/W2048752752","https://openalex.org/W2051929879","https://openalex.org/W2056650970","https://openalex.org/W2064678741","https://openalex.org/W2072116930","https://openalex.org/W2074142928","https://openalex.org/W2087910354","https://openalex.org/W2140884700","https://openalex.org/W2141224189","https://openalex.org/W2331134276","https://openalex.org/W2491763544","https://openalex.org/W4232739641"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2155064517","https://openalex.org/W2037579119","https://openalex.org/W1563043231","https://openalex.org/W2291048482","https://openalex.org/W103504604","https://openalex.org/W2046456479","https://openalex.org/W2000221095","https://openalex.org/W2148917905","https://openalex.org/W2019416405","https://openalex.org/W3145068304"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,70],"basic":[1],"features":[2],"of":[3,46,84,118,128],"a":[4,16,23,85,95],"three-step":[5],"experimental":[6],"process":[7],"to":[8,41],"produce":[9],"supermicron":[10],"polymer":[11],"particles":[12,73,121],"are":[13,53,79],"described.":[14],"First,":[15],"submicron":[17],"emulsifier-free":[18],"latex":[19,28,120],"is":[20,29,92],"prepared":[21],"by":[22,31,61,94],"well-known":[24],"technique.":[25],"Second,":[26],"the":[27,51,66,89,110,116,126],"aggregated":[30],"destabilizing":[32],"with":[33,55],"cetyl":[34],"pyridinium":[35],"chloride":[36],"under":[37],"constant":[38],"stirring":[39,102],"conditions,":[40],"yield":[42],"roughly":[43],"spherical":[44],"clusters":[45],"6-12":[47],"\u03bc":[48],"diameter.":[49],"Third,":[50],"aggregates":[52],"stabilized":[54],"poly(vinyl":[56],"alcohol)":[57],"and":[58,101,122],"internally":[59],"coalesced":[60],"heating":[62],"at":[63],"or":[64],"above":[65],"glass":[67],"transition":[68],"temperature.":[69],"final":[71],"product":[72],"have":[74],"relatively":[75],"smooth":[76],"surfaces.":[77],"Results":[78],"qualitatively":[80],"interpreted":[81],"in":[82],"terms":[83],"dynamic":[86],"equilibrium":[87],"where":[88],"aggregate":[90,106,111],"size":[91,107],"determined":[93],"balance":[96],"between":[97],"attractive":[98],"interparticle":[99],"potentials":[100],"shear":[103],"forces.":[104],"Bimodal":[105],"distributions":[108],"suggest":[109],"break-up":[112],"mechanism":[113],"may":[114],"involve":[115],"erosion":[117],"individual":[119],"small":[123],"fragments":[124],"from":[125],"surface":[127],"aggregates.":[129],"\u00a9":[130],"1996":[131],"John":[132],"Wiley":[133],"&":[134],"Sons,":[135],"Inc.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
