{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2167541999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471142301.ns0209s32","title":"Two\u2010Photon Imaging in Live Rodents","display_name":"Two\u2010Photon Imaging in Live Rodents","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2167541999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471142301.ns0209s32","mag":"2167541999","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18428620"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/0471142301.ns0209s32","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471142301.ns0209s32","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471142301.ns0209s32","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210168458","display_name":"Current Protocols in Neuroscience","issn_l":"1934-8576","issn":["1934-8576","1934-8584"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-70"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current Protocols in Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034925988","display_name":"Leonardo Belluscio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3227-8747","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3227-8747"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110767","display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","ror":"https://ror.org/01s5ya894","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210110767"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Leonardo Belluscio","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institutes of Health/NINDS Bethesda Maryland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institutes of Health/NINDS Bethesda Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210110767"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034925988"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210110767"],"apc_list":{"value":5050,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5050},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20274674,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"1","first_page":"Unit 2.9","last_page":"Unit 2.9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10540","display_name":"Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10540","display_name":"Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10077","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10977","display_name":"Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/two-photon-microscopy","display_name":"two-photon microscopy","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-vivo-imaging","display_name":"in vivo imaging","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anesthetized-mice","display_name":"anesthetized mice","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anesthetized-rats","display_name":"anesthetized rats","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgical-preparation","display_name":"surgical preparation","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-tissue-imaging","display_name":"deep tissue imaging","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photodamage","display_name":"photodamage","score":0.47699999809265137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47785574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373859","display_name":"Two-photon excitation microscopy","level":3,"score":0.8181692361831665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147080431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074953","display_name":"Microscopy","level":2,"score":0.5883572697639465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57477423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434196","display_name":"Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy","level":3,"score":0.5384694337844849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92630104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4115103","display_name":"Optical imaging","level":2,"score":0.5218554735183716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15526883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6657126","display_name":"Live cell imaging","level":3,"score":0.516444206237793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779178360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902045","display_name":"Confocal microscopy","level":2,"score":0.5052445530891418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91881484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191807","display_name":"Fluorescence","level":2,"score":0.5002176761627197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4783444106578827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136009344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336201","display_name":"Confocal","level":2,"score":0.4652700424194336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169274487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840211","display_name":"Fluorescence microscope","level":3,"score":0.4567720293998718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140530291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1225063","display_name":"Dorsum","level":2,"score":0.448099821805954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29331040","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239554","display_name":"Preclinical imaging","level":3,"score":0.42096567153930664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986936838","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492038","display_name":"Brain tissue","level":2,"score":0.411379873752594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.34261709451675415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207001950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124","display_name":"In vivo","level":2,"score":0.2886899411678314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.26099491119384766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.19572120904922485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1491633281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7868","display_name":"Cell","level":2,"score":0.16102740168571472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.15909487009048462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.15857654809951782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005456","descriptor_name":"Fluorescent Dyes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012377","descriptor_name":"Rodentia","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017785","descriptor_name":"Photons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018613","descriptor_name":"Microscopy, Confocal","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018613","descriptor_name":"Microscopy, Confocal","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/0471142301.ns0209s32","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471142301.ns0209s32","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471142301.ns0209s32","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210168458","display_name":"Current Protocols in Neuroscience","issn_l":"1934-8576","issn":["1934-8576","1934-8584"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-70"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current Protocols in Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18428620","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18428620","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current protocols in neuroscience","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W624729578","https://openalex.org/W1972815737","https://openalex.org/W1977381690","https://openalex.org/W1984764602","https://openalex.org/W1989023229","https://openalex.org/W2006712128","https://openalex.org/W2006744863","https://openalex.org/W2010911134","https://openalex.org/W2018832694","https://openalex.org/W2044874534","https://openalex.org/W2061464631","https://openalex.org/W2064157840","https://openalex.org/W2073189873","https://openalex.org/W2080351494","https://openalex.org/W2086652131","https://openalex.org/W2091723156","https://openalex.org/W2109440968","https://openalex.org/W2118762668","https://openalex.org/W2137175651","https://openalex.org/W2162407586","https://openalex.org/W2172163675","https://openalex.org/W2410773475","https://openalex.org/W3044583775","https://openalex.org/W4206386275"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2126963590","https://openalex.org/W183682644","https://openalex.org/W7098969733","https://openalex.org/W2417043470","https://openalex.org/W4410876234","https://openalex.org/W3164103334","https://openalex.org/W2476225222","https://openalex.org/W2241365940","https://openalex.org/W2612268108","https://openalex.org/W2073189873"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Two-photon":[0],"imaging":[1,16,58,93],"is":[2],"an":[3,53],"innovative":[4],"optical":[5],"technique":[6,73],"that":[7],"has":[8,48],"quickly":[9],"become":[10],"state":[11],"of":[12,22,77,102,121,127],"the":[13,99,103,119],"art":[14],"for":[15,57,90],"fluorescent":[17,78],"signals":[18],"in":[19,81,94,105,131],"a":[20,87,114],"variety":[21],"organisms.":[23],"With":[24],"many":[25],"advantages":[26],"over":[27],"conventional":[28],"confocal":[29],"microscopy,":[30],"such":[31],"as":[32,96],"greater":[33],"image":[34],"resolution,":[35],"deeper":[36],"access":[37],"(approximately":[38],"400":[39],"microm),":[40],"and":[41],"much":[42],"less":[43],"photo":[44],"damage,":[45],"two-photon":[46,92],"microscopy":[47],"already":[49],"proven":[50],"to":[51,64,74,98,117,139],"be":[52],"extremely":[54],"useful":[55],"tool":[56],"live":[59,106],"cells":[60,79,141],"or":[61,109,142],"tissue.":[62,143],"Due":[63],"its":[65],"tremendous":[66],"versatility,":[67],"recent":[68],"efforts":[69],"have":[70],"adapted":[71],"this":[72],"allow":[75],"visualization":[76],"directly":[80],"living":[82],"animals.":[83],"This":[84],"unit":[85],"describes":[86],"basic":[88],"procedure":[89],"performing":[91],"vivo":[95],"applied":[97],"dorsal":[100],"surface":[101],"brain":[104,133],"anesthetized":[107],"mice":[108],"rats.":[110],"The":[111],"protocol":[112],"outlines":[113],"surgical":[115],"preparation":[116],"enable":[118],"capture":[120],"stable,":[122],"high-resolution":[123],"(<1":[124],"microm)":[125],"images":[126],"fluorescently":[128],"labeled":[129],"neurons":[130],"intact":[132],"with":[134],"very":[135],"little":[136],"detrimental":[137],"effect":[138],"either":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}