{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2167472124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13602360903028044","title":"Cities and Complexity: Understanding Cities with Cellular Automata, Agent-Based Models, and Fractals","display_name":"Cities and Complexity: Understanding Cities with Cellular Automata, Agent-Based Models, and Fractals","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2167472124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13602360903028044","mag":"2167472124"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/13602360903028044","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13602360903028044","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13602360903028044","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59003305","display_name":"The Journal of Architecture","issn_l":"1360-2365","issn":["1360-2365","1466-4410"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Architecture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"book-review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006729058","display_name":"Spencer Douglas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123152040","display_name":"Architectural Association School of Architecture","ror":"https://ror.org/03b8f3736","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123152040"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157227730","display_name":"University of East London","ror":"https://ror.org/057jrqr44","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157227730"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94951947","display_name":"University of Westminster","ror":"https://ror.org/04ycpbx82","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94951947"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Douglas Spencer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Architectural Association, University of Westminster, London, UK; Architectural Association, University of East London, London, UK","Architectural Association, University of East London, London, UK","Architectural Association, University of Westminster, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Architectural Association, University of Westminster, London, UK; Architectural Association, University of East London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123152040","https://openalex.org/I157227730","https://openalex.org/I94951947"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Architectural Association, University of East London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157227730"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Architectural Association, University of Westminster, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94951947"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006729058"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123152040","https://openalex.org/I157227730","https://openalex.org/I94951947"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":395,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"3","first_page":"446","last_page":"450"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12325","display_name":"Urban Design and Spatial Analysis","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12325","display_name":"Urban Design and Spatial Analysis","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11014","display_name":"Agglomeration and Urban Systems","score":0.003700000001117587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-complexity","display_name":"urban complexity","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-automata","display_name":"cellular automata","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agent-based-modeling","display_name":"agent-based modeling","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fractals","display_name":"fractals","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-expansion","display_name":"urban expansion","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-form","display_name":"urban form","score":0.5320000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-urbanism","display_name":"computational urbanism","score":0.5640000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777089865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096462","display_name":"Ilya","level":2,"score":0.8724919557571411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775969163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130223","display_name":"Griffin","level":2,"score":0.8138783574104309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35527583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189156","display_name":"Cellular automaton","level":2,"score":0.7277222871780396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40636538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81392","display_name":"Fractal","level":2,"score":0.617617130279541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.5299704074859619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.4704270362854004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4522264301776886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.44824087619781494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.32131630182266235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.30048173666000366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.27253609895706177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.23833492398262024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74916050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841090","display_name":"Classics","level":1,"score":0.15964412689208984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/13602360903028044","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13602360903028044","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13602360903028044","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59003305","display_name":"The Journal of Architecture","issn_l":"1360-2365","issn":["1360-2365","1466-4410"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Architecture","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.875,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2406484209","https://openalex.org/W2581633882","https://openalex.org/W7100496105","https://openalex.org/W2481846878","https://openalex.org/W4392930354","https://openalex.org/W2466725434","https://openalex.org/W3000007651","https://openalex.org/W3150587564","https://openalex.org/W2185734910","https://openalex.org/W1973739609"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cities":[0,4],"and":[1,10],"Complexity:":[2],"Understanding":[3],"with":[5,25],"Cellular":[6],"Automata,":[7],"Agent-Based":[8],"Models,":[9],"Fractals":[11],"By":[12],"Michael":[13],"Batty":[14],"The":[15],"MIT":[16],"Press,":[17],"2007":[18],"ISBN":[19],"978-0-262-52479-7":[20],"\u00a322.95,":[21],"Paperback,":[22],"pp.":[23],"551,":[24],"ill...":[26]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":25}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
