{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2164685403","doi":null,"title":"Demonstration of the medullary lamellae of the human red nucleus with high-resolution gradient-echo MR imaging.","display_name":"Demonstration of the medullary lamellae of the human red nucleus with high-resolution gradient-echo MR imaging.","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2164685403","mag":"2164685403","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10954275","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8174890"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8174890","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8174890","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8174890","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064824079","display_name":"Yonglin Pu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9583-8185","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9583-8185"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165951966","display_name":"The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02f6dcw23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165951966","https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y Pu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Imaging Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Imaging Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165951966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100365629","display_name":"Yijun Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5396-6963","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5396-6963"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165951966","display_name":"The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02f6dcw23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165951966","https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165951966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102361091","display_name":"Jinwen Hou","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165951966","display_name":"The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02f6dcw23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165951966","https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165951966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014310950","display_name":"Peter T. Fox","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0465-2028","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0465-2028"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P T Fox","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Imaging Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Imaging Institute","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006770666","display_name":"Jia\u2010Hong Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9311-0297","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9311-0297"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165951966","display_name":"The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02f6dcw23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165951966","https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J H Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165951966"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.2390334,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"7","first_page":"1243","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11304","display_name":"Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13481","display_name":"Neurological diseases and metabolism","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/red-nucleus","display_name":"red nucleus","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iron-accumulation","display_name":"iron accumulation","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t2-weighted-imaging","display_name":"T2-weighted imaging","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basal-ganglia","display_name":"basal ganglia","score":0.7450000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780723820","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1934178","display_name":"Nucleus","level":2,"score":0.792499840259552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195121873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1131385","display_name":"Medullary cavity","level":2,"score":0.7405344247817993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779384463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1751717","display_name":"Red nucleus","level":3,"score":0.7026312947273254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13483470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1470152","display_name":"Coronal plane","level":2,"score":0.6472516655921936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.5866283178329468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178910020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2211994","display_name":"Sagittal plane","level":2,"score":0.5119425058364868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46141821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209402","display_name":"Nuclear magnetic resonance","level":1,"score":0.510945737361908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.4567682445049286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83042744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q904043","display_name":"Spin echo","level":3,"score":0.4328802824020386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4250858724117279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.39242780208587646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.22162961959838867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.09851014614105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007501","descriptor_name":"Iron","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012012","descriptor_name":"Red Nucleus","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012016","descriptor_name":"Reference Values","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017352","descriptor_name":"Echo-Planar Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8174890","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8174890","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:10954275","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10954275","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.547.1029","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.547.1029","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ajnr.org/content/21/7/1243.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8174890","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8174890","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.766700029373169}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1518247900","https://openalex.org/W1554082519","https://openalex.org/W1994008002","https://openalex.org/W2090977462","https://openalex.org/W2106250584","https://openalex.org/W2110431535","https://openalex.org/W2340605013","https://openalex.org/W3134328132"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6962866518","https://openalex.org/W2043367842","https://openalex.org/W2129090230","https://openalex.org/W2059118547","https://openalex.org/W2121018905","https://openalex.org/W1569683460","https://openalex.org/W2154963904","https://openalex.org/W2001342904","https://openalex.org/W1984564555","https://openalex.org/W2528279640"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND":[0],"AND":[1],"PURPOSE:":[2],"The":[3,124,154,172],"human":[4,33,54,90,201,225],"red":[5,34,55,91,188,202,226],"nucleus":[6,35,56,92,189,203,227],"is":[7,13,50,215],"not":[8],"a":[9,71,113,120,131,138,147],"uniform":[10],"structure.":[11],"It":[12],"composed":[14],"of":[15,31,69,87,134,141,150,175,183,186,199,217,222],"caudally":[16],"located":[17,21],"magnocellular":[18],"and":[19,36,57,104,146,169],"rostrally":[20],"parvicellular":[22,197],"subnuclei.":[23],"In":[24],"fact,":[25],"the":[26,29,32,53,67,84,88,176,187,194,196,200,219,223],"latter":[27],"forms":[28],"bulk":[30],"can":[37,204],"be":[38,94,205],"subdivided":[39],"histologically":[40],"by":[41],"two":[42],"medullary":[43,85,155,220],"lamellae":[44,86,156,177,221],"into":[45,207],"three":[46,105,163],"parts.":[47],"Because":[48],"iron":[49],"deposited":[51],"in":[52,66,78,96,159,162,228],"gradient-echo":[58,73,116,212],"sequences":[59,65],"are":[60],"more":[61],"sensitive":[62],"than":[63,181],"spin-echo":[64],"detection":[68],"iron,":[70],"high-resolution":[72,114],"MR":[74,117,122,213],"sequence":[75,118],"was":[76,178],"used":[77],"this":[79],"study":[80],"to":[81],"determine":[82],"whether":[83],"normal":[89,224],"could":[93],"detected":[95],"vivo.":[97,229],"METHODS:":[98],"Ten":[99],"healthy":[100],"volunteers":[101],"(seven":[102],"men":[103],"women,":[106],"27-48":[107],"years":[108],"old)":[109],"were":[110,127,157],"examined":[111],"with":[112,130],"T2-weighted":[115],"using":[119],"1.9-T":[121],"imager.":[123],"scanning":[125],"parameters":[126],"60/40/15":[128],"(TR/TE/excitations)":[129],"flip":[132],"angle":[133],"20":[135],"degrees":[136],",":[137],"pixel":[139],"size":[140],"1":[142,144],"x":[143],"mm,":[145],"slice":[148],"thickness":[149],"5":[151],"mm.":[152],"RESULTS:":[153],"depicted":[158],"all":[160,191],"subjects":[161],"imaging":[164,214],"planes:":[165],"coronal,":[166],"oblique":[167,170],"axial,":[168],"sagittal.":[171],"signal":[173],"intensity":[174],"consistently":[179],"higher":[180],"that":[182],"other":[184],"parts":[185],"on":[190],"images.":[192],"With":[193],"lamellae,":[195],"subnucleus":[198],"divided":[206],"its":[208],"subdivisions.":[209],"CONCLUSION:":[210],"High-resolution":[211],"capable":[216],"depicting":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
