{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2164584818","doi":null,"title":"Foreign Direct Investment Flows: An Examination of Its Distribution Among Middle- and Low-Income Countries","display_name":"Foreign Direct Investment Flows: An Examination of Its Distribution Among Middle- and Low-Income Countries","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2164584818","mag":"2164584818"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2164584818","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://na-businesspress.homestead.com/JABE/ManriqueG_Web14_3_.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192355","display_name":"Journal of Applied Business and Economics","issn_l":"1499-691X","issn":["1499-691X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322100","host_organization_name":"North American Business Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322100"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["North American Business Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"THE JOURNAL OF APPLIED BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051077629","display_name":"Gabriel G. Manrique","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriel G. Manrique","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080602899","display_name":"Val Vlad","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Val Vlad","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010940395","display_name":"Yanping Chong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanping Chong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"3","first_page":"108","last_page":"122"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10415","display_name":"International Business and FDI","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10415","display_name":"International Business and FDI","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10393","display_name":"Economic Growth and Productivity","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreign-direct-investment","display_name":"foreign direct investment","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fdi-inflows","display_name":"FDI inflows","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fdi-distribution","display_name":"FDI distribution","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developing-countries","display_name":"developing countries","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middle-income-countries","display_name":"middle-income countries","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-income-countries","display_name":"low-income countries","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fdi-competition","display_name":"FDI competition","score":0.6809999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gdp-growth","display_name":"GDP growth","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tax-rates","display_name":"tax rates","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/start-up-costs","display_name":"start-up costs","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corruption","display_name":"corruption","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-school-enrollment","display_name":"secondary school enrollment","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-capital","display_name":"human capital","score":0.5329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"economic growth","score":0.5120000243186951}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33842695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q490513","display_name":"Foreign direct investment","level":2,"score":0.8933385610580444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.572144627571106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.5372512340545654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18547055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47417","display_name":"International economics","level":1,"score":0.5355332493782043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204036174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909380","display_name":"Stock (firearms)","level":2,"score":0.5342841148376465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780027415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q524648","display_name":"Language change","level":2,"score":0.5273046493530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6422946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Panel data","level":2,"score":0.5258979201316833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2119116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7181","display_name":"Globalization","level":2,"score":0.43818384408950806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.43354976177215576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.42625653743743896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206772910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4420961","display_name":"Simultaneous equations model","level":2,"score":0.4227994978427887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519300510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3915542","display_name":"Income distribution","level":3,"score":0.41979894042015076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4135664403438568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.18023893237113953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.17649492621421814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.17367735505104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.10592389106750488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.09165993332862854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2164584818","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://na-businesspress.homestead.com/JABE/ManriqueG_Web14_3_.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192355","display_name":"Journal of Applied Business and Economics","issn_l":"1499-691X","issn":["1499-691X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322100","host_organization_name":"North American Business Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322100"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["North American Business Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"THE JOURNAL OF APPLIED BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7390999794006348,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1479827809","https://openalex.org/W1902794881","https://openalex.org/W1931031758","https://openalex.org/W1963813540","https://openalex.org/W1984889279","https://openalex.org/W1987886107","https://openalex.org/W1988117163","https://openalex.org/W1996493371","https://openalex.org/W2009712724","https://openalex.org/W2026403338","https://openalex.org/W2033150565","https://openalex.org/W2069403015","https://openalex.org/W2086992970","https://openalex.org/W2088915331","https://openalex.org/W2094279227","https://openalex.org/W2108747612","https://openalex.org/W2112836762","https://openalex.org/W2118589258","https://openalex.org/W2124603357","https://openalex.org/W2165459436","https://openalex.org/W2165759859","https://openalex.org/W2166483871","https://openalex.org/W2320454046","https://openalex.org/W2321540482","https://openalex.org/W3121163108","https://openalex.org/W3122007549","https://openalex.org/W3123888140","https://openalex.org/W3124766905"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3122051095","https://openalex.org/W7099177845","https://openalex.org/W96812880","https://openalex.org/W2022595877","https://openalex.org/W1843645737","https://openalex.org/W1826970625","https://openalex.org/W2145960271","https://openalex.org/W3109065886","https://openalex.org/W2185442342","https://openalex.org/W2252826639"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"potential":[1],"effects":[2],"foreign":[3],"direct":[4],"investment":[5],"(FDI)":[6],"has":[7,32],"on":[8],"growth":[9,83],"and":[10,72,95],"employment":[11],"have":[12],"led":[13],"many":[14],"developing":[15,51],"countries":[16,52,79],"to":[17,62],"compete":[18],"for":[19,29,64],"FDI.":[20,105],"In":[21],"a":[22,58],"period":[23],"of":[24,42,45,90],"rapid":[25],"globalization":[26],"the":[27,40,65,69],"competition":[28],"FDI":[30,46,70,73],"inflows":[31],"become":[33],"intense.":[34],"We":[35,56],"examine":[36],"factors":[37],"that":[38,78],"affect":[39],"distribution":[41],"relative":[43],"shares":[44],"flows":[47],"among":[48],"lowand":[49],"middle-income":[50],"using":[53],"panel":[54],"data.":[55],"use":[57],"simultaneous":[59],"equations":[60],"model":[61],"account":[63],"bidirectional":[66],"determination":[67],"between":[68],"stock":[71],"flow.":[74],"Estimation":[75],"results":[76],"demonstrate":[77],"with":[80],"higher":[81,96],"GDP":[82],"rates,":[84,87],"lower":[85],"tax":[86],"smaller":[88],"cost":[89],"business":[91],"start-up,":[92],"less":[93],"corruption":[94],"secondary":[97],"school":[98],"enrollment":[99],"are":[100],"more":[101],"successful":[102],"in":[103],"attracting":[104]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
