{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2164298960","doi":null,"title":"Animating virtual characters using physics-based simulation","display_name":"Animating virtual characters using physics-based simulation","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-12-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2164298960","mag":"2164298960"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.library.uu.nl:1874/289259","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/289259","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401649","display_name":"Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","host_organization_name":"Utrecht University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dissertation"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/289259","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085265756","display_name":"Thomas Geijtenbeek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8352-8107","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8352-8107"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Geijtenbeek","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8352-8107","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085265756"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":0.9761000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":0.9761000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.01510000042617321,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14254","display_name":"Digital Media and Visual Art","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-characters","display_name":"virtual characters","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bipedal-locomotion","display_name":"bipedalism","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomechanical-constraints","display_name":"biomechanical constraints","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character-modeling","display_name":"character modeling","score":0.40400001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/humanoid-robotics","display_name":"humanoid robotics","score":0.42399999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/external-contacts","display_name":"external contacts","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion-retargeting","display_name":"motion retargeting","score":0.3659999966621399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502989409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11425","display_name":"Animation","level":2,"score":0.6513699889183044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90697248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062896","display_name":"Character animation","level":4,"score":0.6028071045875549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.581889271736145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5071249008178711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5062305331230164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4959655702114105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39920418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11476","display_name":"Kinematics","level":2,"score":0.43865299224853516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69369342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1401416","display_name":"Computer animation","level":3,"score":0.4357191026210785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81587630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5319044","display_name":"Dynamical simulation","level":2,"score":0.4147592782974243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3999629318714142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.3141588568687439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18141284584999084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10563945770263672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.09671878814697266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.library.uu.nl:1874/289259","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/289259","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401649","display_name":"Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","host_organization_name":"Utrecht University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dissertation"},{"id":"pmh:uu:oai:dspace.library.uu.nl:1874/289259","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/289259","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401649","display_name":"Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","host_organization_name":"Utrecht University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralthesis"},{"id":"mag:2164298960","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/289259","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.library.uu.nl:1874/289259","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/289259","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401649","display_name":"Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","host_organization_name":"Utrecht University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dissertation"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2033655806","https://openalex.org/W2280370116","https://openalex.org/W7095381621","https://openalex.org/W2269833161","https://openalex.org/W2048122265","https://openalex.org/W7095327121","https://openalex.org/W2004885438","https://openalex.org/W7161784271","https://openalex.org/W2597767011","https://openalex.org/W2161631035"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Over":[0],"the":[1,12,41,80,93,112,117,199,206,238,284,324,365,379,387,438],"past":[2],"decades,":[3],"physics-based":[4,27,97,124,181,241,277,303,339,353,405,411],"simulation":[5,28,358,371],"has":[6,48,155,262],"become":[7],"an":[8,307,316,453],"established":[9],"method":[10,409,426],"for":[11,33,378,404,432,458],"animation":[13,56,243,305,322],"of":[14,44,84,95,122,135,201,240,282,348,352,367,381,384,389,396,421,455],"passive":[15],"phenomena,":[16],"such":[17,146,221],"as":[18,147],"cloth,":[19],"water":[20],"and":[21,47,82,104,120,149,172,245,259,298,359,372,441,452],"rag-doll":[22],"characters.":[23,70,87,406],"The":[24,341,361,393,407,424],"conception":[25],"that":[26,109,154,190,210,311],"can":[29,375],"also":[30,185],"be":[31,127,265,376],"used":[32,377],"animating":[34,67,335],"actively":[35],"controlled":[36,100,128],"characters":[37,183,337],"dates":[38],"back":[39],"to":[40,60,66,78,143,169,177,196,264,314,326],"early":[42],"stages":[43],"computer":[45,321],"animation,":[46,355],"incited":[49],"many":[50,289],"research":[51,309,368],"papers":[52],"since.":[53],"However,":[54,269],"commercial":[55],"frameworks":[57],"still":[58],"resort":[59],"kinematics-based":[61,160],"approaches":[62],"when":[63],"it":[64,75,163],"comes":[65],"active":[68],"virtual":[69,182,336],"To":[71,251],"understand":[72],"this":[73,397],"reservation,":[74],"is":[76,99,191,235,246,286,312,427],"important":[77,318],"recognize":[79],"scope":[81],"complexity":[83],"controlling":[85],"simulated":[86,415,433],"Just":[88],"like":[89],"with":[90,288,449],"real-world":[91],"characters,":[92],"pose":[94],"a":[96,115,123,140,152,165,188,202,257,266,273,345,390,414,419,428,450],"character":[98,125,203,225,242,278,304,354],"indirectly,":[101],"through":[102,132],"forces":[103],"torques":[105],"generated":[106],"by":[107],"actuators":[108],"reside":[110],"inside":[111],"body.":[113],"As":[114,301],"result,":[116],"global":[118],"position":[119],"orientation":[121],"cannot":[126],"directly,":[129],"but":[130],"only":[131],"deliberate":[133],"manipulation":[134],"external":[136],"contacts.":[137],"This":[138,233,328,446],"poses":[139],"direct":[141],"challenge":[142,153],"basic":[144],"tasks":[145],"balance":[148],"locomotion":[150],"\u2013":[151],"no":[156],"equivalent":[157],"in":[158,187,213,276,295,320,323,334,413,435],"traditional":[159],"animation.":[161,279],"Instead,":[162],"bears":[164],"much":[166],"closer":[167],"relation":[168],"humanoid":[170],"robotics":[171],"control":[173,179,391,402,430,442],"theory.":[174],"In":[175,194],"addition":[176],"these":[178,254],"challenges,":[180],"should":[184],"behave":[186],"way":[189],"visually":[192],"appealing.":[193],"order":[195],"look":[197],"natural,":[198],"motion":[200],"must":[204],"respect":[205],"same":[207],"biological":[208],"constraints":[209,222],"are":[211,444],"present":[212],"natural":[214],"beings.":[215],"Recently,":[216],"researchers":[217],"have":[218],"begun":[219],"incorporating":[220],"into":[223,256],"their":[224],"models,":[226],"based":[227,417],"on":[228,369,418],"results":[229,366],"from":[230],"biomechanics":[231],"research.":[232,460],"trend":[234],"gradually":[236],"changing":[237],"direction":[239],"research,":[244],"further":[247],"broadening":[248],"its":[249],"scope.":[250],"implement":[252],"all":[253],"aspects":[255,351,383],"robust":[258],"flexible":[260],"framework":[261],"proven":[263],"daunting":[267],"task.":[268],"recent":[270,290],"trends":[271],"show":[272],"renewed":[274],"interest":[275],"After":[280],"decades":[281],"floundering,":[283],"field":[285],"maturing,":[287],"publications":[291],"demonstrating":[292],"tremendous":[293],"progress":[294],"both":[296,437],"robustness":[297],"visual":[299],"quality.":[300],"such,":[302],"remains":[306],"exciting":[308],"topic":[310],"likely":[313],"play":[315],"increasingly":[317],"role":[319],"years":[325],"come.":[327],"thesis":[329,398,447],"describes":[330,364,399],"various":[331],"elements":[332],"involved":[333],"using":[338],"simulation.":[340],"first":[342,408],"part":[343,363,395],"contains":[344],"thorough":[346],"review":[347],"several":[349],"fundamental":[350],"including":[356],"modeling,":[357],"control.":[360],"second":[362,425],"how":[370],"modeling":[373],"techniques":[374],"assessment":[380],"different":[382],"motion,":[385],"without":[386],"use":[388],"strategy.":[392],"third":[394],"two":[400],"novel":[401],"methods":[403],"controls":[410],"bipeds":[412],"environment,":[416],"variety":[420],"reference":[422],"motions.":[423],"muscle-based":[429],"strategy":[431],"bipeds,":[434],"which":[436],"muscle":[439],"routing":[440],"parameters":[443],"optimized.":[445],"concludes":[448],"summary":[451],"overview":[454],"possible":[456],"directions":[457],"future":[459]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-09T07:26:56.047234","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}